Abstract：In this study, the biofloc culture experiment was carried out under different salinity (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30) conditions in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vennamei to study the effect of salinity on the water quality of biofloc culture and the growth and enzyme activity of the shrimp. The initial amount of biofloc was 20 mL/L, the density of prawns was 500 ind/m3, and the experimental period was 30 d. The results showed that the maximal body weight growth rate (70.73%) was observed at salinity 15 and 20, and the minimal body weight growth rate (50.24%) was observed at salinity 10. The higher the salinity, the faster the growth of the bioflocs. The 17-day biofloc sedimentation in the salinity 30 group reached 200 mL/L, and then was gradually decreased. The same trend change was observed in the other groups. The total alkalinity and pH of the water continued to be decreased during the experiment, without significant difference among the different groups (P>0.05). Ammonia nitrogen accumulation was at the fastest rate in the salinity 30 group, with the maximum concentration of 8.62 mg/L on the 6th day, then decreased to 0 mL/L, at the salinity 10 group the rate was accumulated the slowest, and also reached the maximum concentration on the 6th day, 1.71 mg/L, then decreased to 0 mg/L, and the other groups showed the same trend. The higher the salinity, the faster the ammonia nitrogen accumulation, and in the salinity 30 group the maximum concentration of 8.62 mg/L was found on the 6th day, then decreased to 0 mL/L, and the other groups showed the same trend. The lower the salinity, the faster the nitrite accumulation. In the salinity 10 group the maximum concentration of 9.18 mg/L was found on the 6th day, then decreased to 0 mL/L, and the other groups showed the same trend. Nitrate nitrogen level was increased in the early stage with different salinity, and declined slowly after the 16th day. There was significantly higher amylase activity in the salinity 15 group than that in the other groups, without difference among the other groups. The maximal lipase activity at salinity 25, and the salinity is increased or the enzyme activity is decreased. The SOD, AKP and ACP activities were maintained at a high level between 15 and 25 salinity. At the same salinity, the muscle enzyme activity was lower than that in the liver.
秦海鹏, 杨世平, 王博, 廖栩峥, 胡世康, 赵吉臣, 何子豪, 孙成波. 不同盐度对生物絮团、对虾生长以及酶活性的影响[J]. 水产科学, 2020, 39(3): 400-406.
QIN Haipeng, YANG Shiping, WANG Bo, LIAO Xuzheng, HU Shikang, ZHAO Jichen, HE Zihao, SUN Chengbo. Effect of Salinity on Biofloc Culture, Growth and Enzyme Activity in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. 水产科学, 2020, 39(3): 400-406.
[1]Tacon A G J, Forster I P. Aquafeeds and the environment: policy implications[J]. Aquaculture,2003,226(1):181-189. [2]Salehizadeh H, Loosdrecht M C M V. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by mixed culture: recent trends and biotechnological importance[J]. Biotechnology Advances,2004,22(3):261-279. [3]Ray A J, Seaborn G, Leffler J W, et al. Characterization of microbial communities in minimal-exchange, intensive aquaculture systems and the effects of suspended solids management[J]. Aquaculture,2010,310(1/2):130-138. [4]Schryver P D, Crab R, Defoirdt T, et al. The basics of bio-flocs technology: the added value for aquaculture[J]. Aquaculture,2008,277(3/4):125-137. [5]Avnimelech Y. C/N ratio as a control element in aquaculture systems[J]. Aquaculture,1999,176(3):227-235. [6]赵大虎,潘鲁青,王超. 生物絮团对养殖环境的清洁作用及对虾生理指标的影响[J]. 海洋湖沼通报,2014(1):67-73. [7]张开全,潘鲁青,陈文斌. 盐度变化对生物絮团养殖水质和对虾生理健康指标的影响[J]. 海洋湖沼通报,2016(3):75-82. [8]王吉桥,罗鸣,张德治,等. 水温和盐度对南美白对虾幼虾能量收支的影响[J]. 水产学报,2004,28(2):161-166. [9]黄凯,王武,卢洁,等. 盐度对南美白对虾的生长及生化成分的影响[J]. 海洋科学,2004,28(9):20-25. [10]王兴强,曹梅,马甡,等. 盐度对凡纳滨对虾存活、生长和能量收支的影响[J]. 中国农学通报,2005,21(8):409-409. [11]潘鲁青,刘志,姜令绪. 盐度、pH变化对凡纳滨对虾鳃丝Na+-K+-ATPase活力的影响[J]. 中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2004,34(5):787-790. [12]Nijhof M, Bovendeur J. Fixed film nitrification characteristics in sea-water recirculation fish culture systems[J]. Aquaculture,1990,87(2):133-143. [13]雷衍之. 养殖水环境化学实验[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2006. [14]Estudillo C B, Duray M N, Marasigan E T, et al. Salinity tolerance of larvae of the mangrove red snapper (Lutjanus argentimaculatus) during ontogeny[J]. Aquaculture,2000,190(1):155-167. [15]Panikkar N K. Osmotic behavior of shrimps and prawns in relation to their biology and culture[J]. FAO Fish Rep,1968,57(2):527-538 [16]张硕,董双林,饵料和盐度对中国对虾幼虾能量收支的影响[J].大连水产学院学报,2002,17(3):227-233. [17]Ogle J T, Beaugez K, Lotz J M S.Effects of salinity on survival and growth of postlarval Penaeus vannamei[J].Source Gulf Research Reports,1992,8(4):415-422. [18]Samocha T M, Lawrence A L, Pooser D.Growth and survival of juvenile Penaeus vannamei in low salinity water in a semi-closed recirculating system[J].Israeli Journal of Aquaculture,1998,50(2):55-59. [19]Laramore S, Laramore C R, Scarpa J. Effect of low salinity on growth and survival of postlarvae and juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2010,32(4):385-392. [20]Ebeling J M, Timmons M B, Bisogni J J. Engineering analysis of the stoichiometry of photoautotrophic, autotrophic, and heterotrophic removal of ammonia-nitrogen in aquaculture systems[J]. Aquaculture,2006,257(1/4):346-358. [21]Furtado P S, Poersch L H, Wasielesky Jr W, et al. The effect of different alkalinity levels on Litopenaeus vannamei reared with biofloc technology (BFT)[J]. Aquaculture International,2015,23:345-358. [22]马涛,罗国芝,谭洪新,等. 碱度对水产养殖絮体生物学特性及氨氮转化的影响[J]. 水产科学,2017,36(4):421-428. [23]Hargreaves J A. Photosynthetic suspended-growth systems in aquaculture[J]. Aquacultural Engineering,2006,34(3):344-363. [24]史明明,刘晃,龙丽娜,等. 碳源供给策略对水产养殖废水生物絮团处理效果的影响[J]. 农业机械学报,2016,47(6):317-323. [25]白海锋,袁永锋,贾秋红,等. 生物絮团对养鱼池塘水质净化效果试验[J]. 水产养殖,2015,36(9):32-33. [26]裴鹏兵,吴洁琼,梁宏豪,等.生物净水栅对凡纳滨对虾肠道菌群组成的影响[J].水产科学,2018,37(3):301-308. [27]王兴强,曹梅,马甡,等. 盐度对凡纳滨对虾存活、生长和能量收支的影响[J]. 海洋水产研究,2006,27(1):8-13. [28]侯文杰,臧维玲,刘永士,等. 盐度及钙镁离子含量对对虾消化酶及免疫酶的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学,2013,41(7):222-225. [29]沈丽琼,陈政强,陈昌生,等. 盐度对凡纳滨对虾生长与免疫功能的影响[J]. 集美大学学报:自然科学版,2007,12(2):108-113. [30]陈瑗. 自由基医学基础与病理生理[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社,2002:121-124. [31]朱春华. 盐度对南美白对虾生长性能的影响[J]. 水产科技情报,2002(4):166-168.
2020, Vol. 39 
