Isolation, Identification and Effects of a Strain of Yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa on Survival and Metamorphosis of Larval Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
NING Weimin, WEN Chongqing, HUANG Xuemin, LIU Jingwang, CHEN Jieshi, LYU Jiewei, LIANG Huafang, XUE Ming
Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Abstract：Red yeast was isolated from the intestines of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon, mussel Perna viridis, scallop Mimachlamys nobilis and doctor fish Siganus fuscescens in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province, by streak plate method or dilution method, and the representative strains were identified by the 5.8S-ITS and 26S rRNA gene sequencing analysis after typing with the morphology and carbon source utilization characteristics. Then, the intermittent starvation stress test was conducted to compare the effect of the representative strains on survival of nauplius Ⅵ and ZoeaⅡof Pacific white shrimp to screen the optimal strains. Furthermore, the effects of the target strain on larval survival and metamorphosis were investigated with four administration modes including single low-dose, multiple low-dosage, single high-dosage, and multiple high-dosage inoculations from nauplius Ⅵ, as well as single high-dosage inoculation only at nauplius Ⅳ (early inoculation). The results showed that a total of 19 strains of red yeast were isolated and divided into six types according to the morphology and carbon source utilization characteristics, with six representative strains (designated as RY1—RY6). RY2, RY3, RY4 and RY5 were all identified as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, while RY1 and RY6 were referred as R. diobovata and Cystobasidium slooffiae, respertively. Under intermittent starvation test, there was significantly higher survival rate of ZoeaⅡ exposed to strains RY1—RY5 than that in the control group (P<0.05), especially, significantly higher in RY4 group than in other strain groups (P<0.05). Significantly higher metamorphosis was observed in the zoea exposed to RY4 strain in three high-dose groups including the early, single, and multiply inoculation groups compared with the control group (P<0.05), without significant impact on larval survival for any of the treatment groups (P>0.05). Notably, there was a positive correlation between the larval survival of mysis Ⅰ and the yeast content in water under nutrient restriction condition. In conclusion, strain RY4 as R. mucilaginosa generally found in guts of marine economic animals from Zhanjiang can significantly improve the survival of Pacific white shrimp larvae under starvation stress. During shrimp larviculture, inoculating RY4 at multiple high-dose or at single high-dose at the early nursing stage such as nauplius Ⅳ can effectively promote larval metamorphosis, and larval survival under nutrient shortage.
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2021, Vol. 40 
