Reproduction of Surf Clam Mactra veneriformis Inhabiting the Liaohe Estuary
LIU Xiangfeng1, XIE Xi1, CHEN Wei1,2, ZHU Shouwei3, TENG Weiming1, LI Dacheng1, LI Xiaodong4, WANG Qingzhi1
1. Dalian Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Marine Shellfish, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China; 2. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; 3. Jinzhou Research Institute of Science and Technology, Jinzhou 121000, China; 4. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
Abstract：The reproductive cycle and relationship with environmental factors were studied in surf clam Mactra veneriformis inhabiting the Liaohe Estuary. From March to October 2018, samples were collected monthly for biometrics, histological observation and conditional index (dry weight of soft part/dry weight of shell × 100%) analysis. Meanwhile, the water temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a content in the sea area were measured. Histological observation showed that gametes of the surf clam were discharged twice a year, once from April to June, another in early October, and the first gamete discharge lasted for a long time. The maturation and spawning was found at water temperature of 15—21 ℃ with relatively high content of chlorophyll a. There was no significant quantitative difference between males and females in the sea area, but slightly more males and hermaphroditism was found. The conditional index (CI) showed that there was an obvious recovery period from June to September after the spawning in the sea area, and CI was gradually increased from the minimal value of 8.66 (June) to the maximal value of 14.43 (September).
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2021, Vol. 40 
