Effects of Light Spectrum on Intestinal Microbial Composition of Juvenile Tiger Puffer Takifugu rubripes
LU Hongbo1, LIU Ying1,2, SHEN Xufang2,3, WANG Jia1, ZHOU Huiting1, JIANG Jieming1,2, LI Zequn1, LIU Qi2, YAN Hongwei1,2, SUN Qunwen4
1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; 2. Key Laboratory ofMinistry of Education for Facility Fisheries, Dalian 116023, China; 3. Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029, China; 4. Dalian Tianzheng Industrial Company Limited, Dalian 116036, China
Abstract:In order to explore the influence of different light spectra on the gut microbial composition of tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes, in the experiment the juvenile tiger puffer was taken as the research object. The fertilized eggs were hatched and bred for a total of 90 days under 5 different light spectrum conditions (blue, green, red, white, and yellow). After the feeding trail, the body length of juvenile fish was measured in each group, and the composition of their gut microbes was analyzed using Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the body length of juvenile fish was found to be significantly higher in the green light group, yellow light group and white light groups than that in the blue light group and the red light group (P<0.05 ). The survival rate of each group was from high to low described as blue light group> red light group> yellow light group> white light group> green light group, without significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). A cluster analysis with a similarity of 97% showed that the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the intestinal microbes in the blue light group, green light group, red light group, white light group, and yellow light group were found to be 631, 508, 530, 513, and 418, respectively, with the total OTUs number of 87, the unique OTUs number of 0, were found to be but the number of OUTs shared by the blue light group and the red light group was 13. The Ace and Chao1 indices of the blue light group were significantly higher in the blue light group than those in the yellow light group (P<0.05), and there was the maximal abundance of microbial flora in the blue light group, while the minimal abundance in the yellow light group. The Shannon index of blue light and red light group was significantly higher than that in green light and yellow light groups (P<0.05 ), that is, the diversity of gut microbial flora in blue light and red light groups was greater than that in green light and yellow light groups. According to the distribution of the intestinal flora at the level of the genus, the genera Arcobacter, Vibrio, mycoplasma, Rhodococcus, Brevinema, Brevibacterium, Cetobacterium, Pseudoalteromonas and Ochrobactrum were the main genus of the intestinal tract of tiger puffer, among which Arcobacter was the absolute dominant bacteria in the intestinal microbe genus. In summary, the spectrum can affect the growth of tiger puffer, and the spectrum has a micro-regulatory effect on the homeostasis of juvenile gut microbes, but the effect on the gut microbial structure of juvenile fish is not obvious.
[1]BRABSON G D.Ultraviolet/visible absorption spectroscopy[G]//WHAN R E. Materials Characterization.Geauga:ASM International,1986:60-71. [2]李妤.光生物效应的光谱调控技术研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学(中国科学院上海技术物理研究所),2017. [3]张延青,秦菲,费凡,等.LED光源在海水养殖水体中传播特征解析[J].渔业科学进展,2020,41(1):153-161. [4]SHIN H S, LEE J, CHOI C Y. Effects of LED light spectra on oxidative stress and the protective role of melatonin in relation to the daily rhythm of the yellowtail clownfish, Amphiprion clarkii[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Molecular & Integrative Physiology,2011,160(2):221-228. [5]CHOI C Y, SHIN H S, CHOI Y J, et al. Effect of LED light spectra on starvation-induced oxidative stress in the cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion melanopus[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Molecular & Integrative Physiology,2012,163(3/4):357-363. [6]YAMANOME T, MIZUSAWA K, HASEGAWA E I, et al. Green light stimulates somatic growth in the barfin flounder Verasper moseri[J].Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A:Ecological Genetics and Physiology,2009,311(2):73-79. [7]BAPARY M A J, AMIN M N, TAKEUCHI Y, et al. The stimulatory effects of long wavelengths of light on the ovarian development in the tropical damselfish, Chrysiptera cyanea[J].Aquaculture,2011,314(1/2/3/4):188-192. [8]DOWNING G, LITVAK M K. The effect of light intensity and spectrum on the incidence of first feeding by larval haddock[J].Journal of Fish Biology,2001,59(6):1566-1578. [9]OLIVEIRA C, ORTEGA A, LÓPEZ-OLMEDA J F, et al. Influence of constant light and darkness, light intensity, and light spectrum on plasma melatonin rhythms in Senegal sole[J].Chronobiology International,2007,24(4):615-627. [10]KARAKATSOULI N, PAPOUTSOGLOU S E, PIZZONIA G, et al. Effects of light spectrum on growth and physiological status of gilthead seabream Sparus aurata and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared under recirculating system conditions[J].Aquacultural Engineering,2007,36(3):302-309. [11]TAKAHASHI A, KASAGI S, MURAKAMI N, et al. Effects of different green light intensities on the growth performance and endocrine properties of barfin flounder Verasper moseri[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2018,257:203-210. [12]SIERRA-FLORES R, DAVIE A, GRANT B, et al. Effects of light spectrum and tank background colour on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae performances[J].Aquaculture,2016,450:6-13. [13]WU L L, HAN M M, SONG Z C, et al. Effects of different light spectra on embryo development and the performance of newly hatched turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2019,90:328-337. [14]WU L L, WANG Y N, HAN M M, et al. Growth, stress and non-specific immune responses of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae exposed to different light spectra[J].Aquaculture,2020,520:734950. [15]WU L L, WANG Y N, LI J, et al. Influence of light spectra on the performance of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)[J].Aquaculture,2021,533:736191. [16]司海东,栗慧丽.肠道微生物与寄主的共生关系研究进展[J].健康之路,2017,16(5):24. [17]GANGULY S, PRASAD A. Microflora in fish digestive tract plays significant role in digestion and metabolism[J].Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries,2012,22(1):11-16. [18]张美玲,杜震宇.水生动物肠道微生物研究进展[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016(1):1-8. [19]翟万营,郭安宁.鱼类肠道微生物研究进展[J].河南水产,2016(4):18-21. [20]庞景贵.2001年中国养殖的红鳍东方鲀首次在日本下关南风泊鱼市场销售[J].现代渔业信息,2002,17(11):33. [21]高露姣,黄艳青,夏连军,等.不同养殖模式下红鳍东方鲀的品质比较[J].水产学报,2011,35(11):1668-1676. [22]农业农村部渔业渔政管理局,全国水产技术推广总站,中国水产学会.2020中国渔业统计年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2020. [23]马爱军,李伟业,王新安,等.红鳍东方鲀养殖技术研究现状及展望[J].海洋科学,2014,38(2):116-121. [24]YAN H W, LIU Q, CUI X, et al. Growth, development and survival of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae cultured under different light spectra and intensities[J].Aquaculture Research,2019,50(8):2066-2080. [25]LIU Q, YAN H W, HU P F, et al. Growth and survival of Takifugu rubripes larvae cultured under different light conditions[J].Fish Physiology and Biochemistry,2019,45(5):1533-1549. [26]SHIN H S, LEE J, CHOI C Y. Effects of LED light spectra on the growth of the yellowtail clownfish Amphiprion clarkii[J].Fisheries Science,2012,78(3):549-556. [27]魏平平,李鑫,费凡,等.光谱对红鳍东方鲀仔稚鱼生长及相关基因表达量的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2019,34(5):668-673. [28]魏平平,李鑫,张俊鹏,等.LED光谱对红鳍东方鲀仔稚鱼形态性状及生长相关基因表达的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2020,41(1):162-168. [29]刘松涛,李伊晗,李鑫,等.不同LED光谱对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼生长、摄食及消化酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2021,28(8):1011-1019. [30]CHEN C H, TANAKA Y, KOMIYA Y, et al. Predominant intestinal bacteria of the pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) reared in an indoor tank as determined by the clone library analysis and culture method[J].Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2013,29(6):1374-1377. [31]BERGOT P, CHARLON N, DURANTE H. The effect of compound diets feeding on growth survival of coregonid larvae[J]. Archiv für Hydrobiologie-Beiheft Ergebnisse der Limnologie, 1986, 22:265-272. [32]KIM B H, HUR S P, HUR S W, et al. Relevance of light spectra to growth of the rearing tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes[J].Development & Reproduction,2016,20(1):23-29. [33]俞文钊,何大仁,郑玉水.蓝圆鲹和鲐鱼趋光行为的研究[J].海洋学报,1981,3(1):149-156. [34]马贺,刘松涛,刘鹰,等.一种促进红鳍东方鲀幼鱼存活和生长发育的光照调控方法:CN111418529A[P].2020-07-17. [35]罗清平,袁重桂,阮成旭,等.孔雀鱼幼苗在光场中的行为反应分析[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(4):631-634. [36]肖炜,李大宇,杨弘,等.吉富罗非鱼在光场中的趋避行为[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(3):195-197. [37]KOPCHICK J J, ANDRY J M. Growth hormone (GH), GH receptor, and signal transduction[J].Molecular Genetics and Metabolism,2000,71(1/2):293-314. [38]VERA CRUZ E M, BROWN C L, LUCKENBACH J A, et al. Insulin-like growth factor-I cDNA cloning, gene expression and potential use as a growth rate indicator in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus[J].Aquaculture,2006,251(2/3/4):585-595. [39]KANEKO G, FURUKAWA S, KUROSU Y, et al. Correlation with larval body size of mRNA levels of growth hormone, growth hormone receptor Ⅰ and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ in larval torafugu Takifugu rubripes[J].Journal of Fish Biology,2011,79(4):854-874. [40]ZHONG H, ZHOU Y, LIU S J, et al. Elevated expressions of GH/IGF axis genes in triploid crucian carp[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2012,178(2):291-300. [41]何敏,汪开毓,张宇,等.复合微生物制剂对重口裂腹鱼生长、消化酶活性、肠道菌群及水质指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(5):534-539. [42]尹雪梅,张公亮,孙黎明,等.养殖河鲀肠道细菌16S rDNA多样性分析[J].大连工业大学学报,2014,33(5):316-320. [43]李艳宇,任盟,张丛尧,等.红鳍东方鲀稚鱼肠道可培养细菌的多样性[J].水产科学,2015,34(10):652-656. [44]SMITH P, WILLEMSEN D, POPKES M, et al. Regulation of life span by the gut microbiota in the short-lived African turquoise killifish[J].eLife,2017,6:e27014. [45]MICHL S C, RATTEN J M, BEYER M, et al. The malleable gut microbiome of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss):diet-dependent shifts of bacterial community structures[J].PLoS One,2017,12(5):e0177735. [46]冯丹,高小迪,李云凯.海洋鱼类肠道微生物研究进展及应用前景[J].生态学杂志,2021,40(1):255-265. [47]DEHLER C E, SECOMBES C J, MARTIN S A M. Seawater transfer alters the intestinal microbiota profiles of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7:13877. [48]ORNELAS-GARCÍA P, PAJARES S, SOSA-JIMÉNEZ V M, et al. Microbiome differences between river-dwelling and cave-adapted populations of the fish Astyanax mexicanus (De Filippi, 1853)[J].PeerJ,2018,6:e5906. [49]SUGITA H, SUGIYAMA K, ITOI S. Culturable bacterial flora in the intestinal tract of Japanese pufferfish Takifugu rubripes[J].Aquaculture Science,2010,58(3):437-438. [50]雷阳,王松刚,陈钰,等.基于16S rRNA基因分析双斑东方鲀肠道微生物多样性[J].水产科学,2020,39(4):579-584. [51]CLEMENTS K D, ANGERT E R, MONTGOMERY W L, et al. Intestinal microbiota in fishes:what's known and what's not[J].Molecular Ecology,2014,23(8):1891-1898. [52]席晓晴.分子技术在马鞍列岛海域鱼类食性和肠道菌群分析中的应用[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2016. [53]RAWLS J F, SAMUEL B S, GORDON J I. Gnotobiotic zebrafish reveal evolutionarily conserved responses to the gut microbiota[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,101(13):4596-4601. [54]胡宗福,牛化欣,于建华,等.饲料中添加植物乳杆菌对细鳞鲑生长及肠道菌群多样性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(1):346-356.