Ecological Functions of Microbial Communities in Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon Polyculture Ponds
ZHOU Lei1, ZHAO Zelong2, GUAN Xiaoyan2, WANG Bai2, ZHOU Zunchun2
1. Center for Professional Training and Service, China Association for Science and Technology, Beijing 100038, China; 2. Liaoning Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Fine Seed Breeding of Marine Aquatic Animals, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China
Abstract：In this study, the microbial communities of sediments from three different types of prawn mariculture systems, including prawn, prawn+jellyfish, prawn+jellyfish+clam, and a non-mariculture in coastal area were compared by a metagenomics method. Results showed that Ralstonia pickettii was the most abundant pathogen in studied samples. The relative abundance of pathogens in the sediments of prawn mariculture ponds was significantly lower than that in the control sediments. Moreover, significantly higher abundances of genes associated with nitrate reduction to produce ammonia were presented in the prawn mariculture sediments, whereas genes related to nitrite and ammonia utilization were more abundant in the non-mariculture sediments. Meanwhile, higher abundance of genes involved in sulfate reduction to produce sulfides were also found in all types of prawn mariculture sediments compared to the non-mariculture controls. Interestingly, both genes of nitrate and sulfate reduction were more abundant in prawn monoculture and prawn+jellyfish+clam modes than those in the prawn+jellyfish system. Moreover, certain biochemical processes in prawn mariculture sediments were conducted by various microbial groups, including Alteromonadales, Bacteroidales, Chromatiales, Flavobacteriales, Desulfobac-terales, and Desulfovibrionales. Understanding of the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and sulfur as well as pathogens in various prawn polyculture systems can help to improve the culture technology, restrict the outbreak of diseases, and increase the production.
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2023, Vol. 42 
