Effects of Soft Diet on Ovarian Development and Nutritional Quality of Adult Female Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus
XIE Zhilong1, JIANG Xiaodong1, HOU Wenjie2, LIU Meimei3, WU Xugan1
1. National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and FishNutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station, Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Shanghai 200433, China; 3. College of Marine Science and Aquaculture, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
Abstract：The study was carried out in , About 5500 juvenile crabs of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus [initial body weight of (3.12±0.54) g] were placed in 6 cement ponds (80 m×40 m×1.8 m). Every 3 cement ponds were set as a treatment, and the effects of soft diet and iced trash fish (ITF) on ovarian development and nutritional quality of swimming crab females were studied in 4 months. The results showed that: (1) hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI), and total edible yield (TEY) were 32.27%, 17.70%, and 8.69% higherin the soft diet groupthan those in the traditional diet group, respectively. But there were no significant differences among all groups (P>0.05). The proportion of super level crab and senior level crab in the soft diet group was 42.37% and 53.19% higher than that in the traditional diet group, respectively, and there was no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). (2) The content of crude protein in the ovary and hepatopancreas was 21.41% and 31.32% higher in the soft diet group than that in the traditional diet group, respectively. The content in soft diet group was 12.30% and 9.05% lower than that in the traditional diet group. But there was no significant difference among groups (P>0.05). The content of biochemical composition in muscle was similar. (3) In terms of tissue color and the contents of total carotenoid, the red value (a*) and yellow value (b*) of the ovary was significantly higherin the soft diet groupthan that in the traditional diet group, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05); the total carotenoid content, and contents of astaxanthin, lutein, and β-carotene in the ovary and total carotenoid content in the hepatopancreas of soft diet group was significantly higher than that in traditional diet group (P<0.05). (4) In terms of fatty acid composition different tissues, the proportion of C22:6n3 in hepatopancreas and ovaries in soft diet group was significantly lower than that in traditional diet group (P<0.05), while the content of C18:2n6 was significantly higher in soft diet group than that in traditional diet group (P<0.05). The contents of amino acids in the muscle of the soft diet group were higher than those in the traditional diet group, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, the soft diet can promote ovarian development and improve the proportion of crab with red paste and nutritional composition in edible tissues of female swimming crab.
[1] 程国宝, 史会来, 楼宝, 等. 三疣梭子蟹生物学特性及繁养殖现状[J]. 河北渔业,2012(4):59-61. [2] 农业农村部渔业渔政管理局,全国水产技术推广总站,中国水产学会.2022中国渔业统计年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2022:22. [3] 姜宇栋, 李新宇, 胡水鑫, 等. 三疣梭子蟹主要营养素需要量的研究进展[J]. 饲料工业,2016,37(16):31-36. [4] PAN J, WU R F, WU X G, et al. Impacts of different feeding modes on the gonadal development, total edible yield, and nutritional composition of male Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)[J]. Aquaculture and Fisheries,2020,5(6):300-307. [5] 李燕, 李永强, 李建忠, 等. 配合饲料完全替代鲜活饵料对翘嘴鳜生长、体成分及消化能力的影响[J]. 水产科技情报,2016,43(3):164-168. [6] 周凡,陈丽芝,王鼎南, 等. 配合饲料在拟穴青蟹-脊尾白虾混养模式中的应用效果初探[J]. 水产科技情报,2017,44(5):248-251. [7] 丁雪燕, 何中央, 徐国辉, 等. 三疣梭子蟹配合饲料的初步研究[J]. 海洋渔业,2003,25(1):24-26. [8] 黄伟卿, 陈爱平, 张艺, 等. 软颗粒饲料对“红膏蟹”培育生长、存活和营养成分的影响[J]. 水产科学,2018,37(5):605-611. [9] 李金秋, 林建斌, 朱庆国, 等. 人工配合饲料与小杂鱼饲养赤点石斑鱼效果的对比试验[J].台湾海峡,2004,23(2):167-173. [10] 王兴春. 软颗粒饲料与鲜杂鱼糜对大黄鱼养殖水质的影响[J]. 水产科学,2014,33(10):635-638. [11] 黄伟卿, 林小金, 钟传明, 等. 软颗粒饲料对拟穴青蟹成活、生长和肌肉氨基酸组分的影响[J]. 水产学杂志,2020,33(6):44-49. [12] 何尔荣, 王爱明. 应用湿软颗粒饲料养殖三疣梭子蟹试验[J]. 中国水产,2007(5):31-32. [13] 吴旭干, 汪倩, 楼宝, 等. 育肥时间对三疣梭子蟹卵巢发育和营养品质的影响[J]. 水产学报,2014,38(2):170-182. [14] HOU W J, LIU M M, WU X G. The effect of diet on ovarian development and nutritional tissue composition of Portunus trituberculatus[J]. Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh,2019,71:1-13. [15] SUN Q F, JIANG X D, HOU W J, et al. Ovarian fullness affects biochemical composition and nutritional quality of female swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2022,106:104271. [16] Association of Analytical Communities. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists[M]. Arlington:AOAC,1995:993-994. [17] FOLCH J B, LEES M, SLOANE STANLEY G H. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1957,226(1):497-509. [18] CHEN D W, ZHANG M, SHRESTHA S. Compositional characteristics and nutritional quality of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)[J]. Food Chemistry,2007,103(4):1343-1349. [19] SPINDLER M, STADLER R, TANNER H. Amino acid analysis of feedstuffs: determination of methionine and cystine after oxidation with performic acid and hydrolysis[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1984,32(6):1366-1371. [20] MILLWARD D J. Identifying recommended dietary allowances for protein and amino acids: a critique of the 2007 WHO/FAO/UNU report[J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 108(Suppl. 2):S3-S21. [21] PENG J, XIANG W Z, TANG Q M, et al. Comparative analysis of astaxanthin and its esters in the mutant E1 of Haematococcus pluvialis and other green algae by HPLC with a C30 column[J]. Science in China Series C: Life Sciences,2008,51(12):1108-1115. [22] LONG X W, WU X G, ZHAO L, et al. Effects of dietary supplementation with Haematococcus pluvialis cell powder on coloration, ovarian development and antioxidation capacity of adult female Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis[J]. Aquaculture,2017,473:545-553. [23] WU X G, ZHOU B, CHENG Y X, et al. Comparison of gender differences in biochemical composition and nutritional value of various edible parts of the blue swimmer crab[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2010,23(2):154-159. [24] ZHANG J B, YANG X Z, FAN P, et al. Changes in total volatile basic nitrogen and biogenic amines in two common species of marine fish at high temperature[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2012,36(2):284-290. [25] PENG Y Y, YU H H, XU W J, et al. Analysis of edible rate and nutritional quality of Scylla paramamosain with different degrees of ovarian plumpness[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2021,98:103817. [26] CAI C F, SONG L, WANG Y L, et al. Assessment of the feasibility of including high levels of rapeseed meal and peanut meal in diets of juvenile crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio♀× Cyprinus carpio♂): growth, immunity, intestinal morphology, and microflora[J]. Aquaculture,2013,410/411:203-215. [27] 牛化欣, 雷霁霖, 常杰, 等. 冰鲜野杂鱼和商品饲料对大菱鲆生长、脂质代谢及抗氧化功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报,2013,25(11):2696-2704. [28] 竹田正彦, 萧凤岐. 养鱼技术的改良——引进湿性颗粒饵料[J]. 国外水产,1988(2):26-30. [29] 杨奇慧, 周歧存, 迟淑艳, 等. 饲料中维生素A水平对凡纳滨对虾生长、饲料利用、体组成成分及非特异性免疫反应的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2007, 19(6): 698-705. [30] 吴旭干, 姚桂桂, 杨筱珍, 等. 东海三疣梭子蟹第一次卵巢发育规律的研究[J]. 海洋学报,2007,29(4):120-127. [31] 杨印蹼, 吴旭干, 王伟, 等. 纯化饲料、活饵料及其混合投喂对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长性能、肝胰腺指数和生化组成的影响[J]. 上海海洋大学学报,2013,22(2):232-239. [32] BABIN A, MOREAU J, MORET Y. Storage of carotenoids in crustaceans as an adaptation to modulate immunopathology and optimize immunological and life-history strategies[J]. BioEssays,2019,41(11):e1800254. [33] WADE N M, BUDD A, IRVIN S, et al. The combined effects of diet, environment and genetics on pigmentation in the giant tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon[J]. Aquaculture,2015,449:78-86. [34] SUPAMATTAYA K, KIRIRATNIKOM S, BOONYARATPALIN M, et al. Effect of a Dunaliella extract on growth performance, health condition, immune response and disease resistance in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)[J]. Aquaculture,2005,248(1/2/3/4):207-216. [35] BUDD A M, HINTON T M, TONKS M, et al. Rapid expansion of pigmentation genes in penaeid shrimp with absolute preservation of function[J]. Journal of Experimental Biology,2017,220(22):4109-4118. [36] SUI L Y, WILLE M, CHENG Y X, et al. The effect of dietary n-3 HUFA levels and DHA/EPA ratios on growth, survival and osmotic stress tolerance of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis larvae[J]. Aquaculture,2007,273(1):139-150. [37] STUBHAUG I, FRØYLAND L, TORSTENSEN B E. β-oxidation capacity of red and white muscle and liver in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) — effects of increasing dietary rapeseed oil and olive oil to replace capelin oil[J]. Lipids,2005,40(1):39-47. [38] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization. Fats and oils in human nutrition: report of a joint expert consultation[M]. Rome: FAO,1994:168. [39] JI H, ZHANG J L, HUANG J Q, et al. Effect of replacement of dietary fish meal with silkworm pupae meal on growth performance, body composition, intestinal protease activity and health status in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) [J]. Aquaculture Research,2015,46(5):1209-1221.
2024, Vol. 43 
