Abstract：In order to explore the feasibility of Hepu mitten crab Eriocheir hepuensis megalopae in juvenile culture in the Changjiang River basin, the growth performance and breeding effect of megalopae bred by wild broodstocks Hepu mitten crab and Chinese mitten crab E. sinensis were compared in outdoor cage group culture and indoor circulating water system individual culture trials. Some 1500 megalopae were reared in 40 mesh cages with length of 2 m × width of 2 m × height of 1 m and aquatic plant elodea Elodea nuttallii, and the number of juvenile crabs was adjusted to 400 (half female and half male) in each cage in mid-June, and aquatic plant elodeawas replaced by alligator weed Alternanthera philoxeroides. The Hepu mitten crab and Chinese mitten crab were fed at feeding rate of 1%—5% compound feed at 17:00 every day. At the beginning of July, 30 crabs with body weight of 1.4—1.6 g (half female and half male) were taken from the cages and reared in a circulating water tank with a water depth of 12 cm in a plastic box of 30 cm× 24 cm × 15 cm for individual culture, with the same feeding regime. There were higher average body weight and the rate of one-year precocius in Hepu mitten crab than those in Chinese mitten crab, with significantly lower survival rate and yield in Hepu mitten crab than those in Chinese mitten crab (P＜0.05). No significant difference in the average body weight was observed between the two groups after the first and second moltings (P＞0.05), with significantly longer second molting interval and lower specific growth rate (SGR) in Hepu mitten crab than those in Chinese mitten crab due to the longer second molting(P＜0.05). Furthermore, there was lower survival rate in Hepu mitten crab than that in Chinese mitten crab in indoor individual culture trial, without significant difference (P＞0.05). In conclusion, the Hepu mitten crab had lower survival rate during juvenile culture stage in the Changjiang River Basin, with longer molting interval and higher rate of one-year precocious. It is required to further investigation to improve the culture performance of Hepu mitten crabthrough the optimization of culture environment and nutritional regulation.
[1] 李帆,廖永岩,李治国,等.合浦绒螯蟹研究进展[J].当代水产,2021,46(9):72-74. [2] 陈琴,陈晓汉,曾辉,等.合浦绒螯蟹的生物学特性及开发前景[J].齐鲁渔业,2001,18(5):7-8. [3] NG P K L, NG N K, DAI A Y, et al. The complete larval development of the southern Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir hepuensis Dai,1991 (Decapoda,Brachyura,Grapsidae) reared under laboratory conditions[J].Crustaceana,1998,71(5):493-517. [4] 陈晓汉,曾辉,谢达祥.广西河蟹养殖发展前景与对策[J].广西水产科技,2000(3):3-7. [5] 陈康.合浦绒螯蟹人工养殖试验[J].中国水产,2000(7):32. [6] 陈琴.合浦绒螯蟹养殖技术要点[J].珠江水产,2001(3):31-32. [7] 李孟仙,曾辉.合浦绒螯蟹的繁殖生物学[J].湛江海洋大学学报,2000,20(2):6-10. [8] 李孟仙,曾辉.合浦绒螯蟹生长和生态特性[J].湛江海洋大学学报,2001,21(4):8-13. [9] 张列士,徐琴英.自然及养殖水体河蟹性成熟和性早熟的研究[J].水产科技情报,2001,28(3):106-111. [10] 赵亚婷,吴旭干,常国亮,等.饲料中DHA含量对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长、脂类组成和低氧胁迫的影响[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(6):1133-1144. [11] 何杰,许文军,郑宽宽,等.群体与单体养殖条件下三疣梭子蟹生长、消化酶与免疫酶活性的比较研究[J].水产科学,2017,36(5):585-590. [12] 董江水,陈红军,王新华,等.放养密度对河蟹育成规格、产量和成活率的影响[J].金陵科技学院学报,2007,23(4):95-99. [13] 李丹,田由甲,李奇.南美白对虾工厂化养殖投苗密度与生长速度、成活率、饲料系数的关系探讨[J].河北渔业,2020(5):21. [14] 张凯军,王静安,倪康达,等.不同水温对个体养殖系统中华绒螯蟹幼蟹蜕壳生长和摄食率的影响[J].淡水渔业,2021,51(5):100-105. [15] 何杰,王春,邵路畅,等.饥饿胁迫对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)仔蟹的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(8):2077-2084. [16] 王武,徐灿,张文博,等.四个地方种群绒螯蟹形态差异的比较研究[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(6):648-653. [17] 王武.我国河蟹养殖的现状和发展前景[J].内陆水产,1998,23(4):2-4. [18] 彭武汉.中华绒螯蟹种群在珠江流域变异问题的初步探讨[J].水产科技情报,1986,13(2):19-22. [19] 李书迪,廖永岩,冯国禄.温度对生物滤池净化及合浦绒螯蟹存活率和摄饵的影响[J].钦州学院学报,2018,33(1):1-5. [20] 朱王玲,姜晓东,吴旭干,等.中华绒螯蟹一龄早熟和二龄成熟家系生长规律的比较研究[J].动物学杂志,2017,52(6):1037-1047. [21] CHANG G L, WU X G, CHENG Y X, et al. Reproductive performance, offspring quality, proximate and fatty acid composition of normal and precocious Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis[J]. Aquaculture,2017,469:137-143. [22] LI X, LI Z, LIU J, et al. Advances in precocity research of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis[J]. Aquaculture International,2011,19(2):251-267.
2024, Vol. 43 
