Abstract：In order to screen out the Chinese herbal medicines for safe and efficient prevention and treatment of skin ulceration syndrome in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, in vitro bacteriostatic effects of 20 types of Chinese herbal medicines on Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (PDD) from the sea cucumber were determined by using inhibition circle method and modified microdouble dilution method on MH medium (Mueller-Hinton Agar), and 2216E liquid medium (2216E liquid medium), includingFructusChebulae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Isatidis, Spica Prunellae, Fructus Mume, Cortex Phellodendri, Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Cortex Fraxini, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Galla Chinensis, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Herba Andrographis, Fructus Schisandrae, Herba Artemisiae Annuae, Flos Lonicerae, Radix Pulsatillae, Radix Scutellariae, Pericarpium Granati, Folium Isatidis, which were crushed and,sieved and 2 g of medicinal powder was soaked in 150 mL of double distilled water for 30 min, boiled over high heat, and boiled on low heat for 20 min, and concentrated to 20 mL. The toxicity of the screened Chinese herbal medicines with good antibacterial to the sea cucumber with body weight of (0.4±0.15) g was examined and the Chinese herbal medicines with good antibacterial effect were added into the diets which were fed the sea cucumber with body weight of (18.5±5.4) g for 28 days and then artificially challenged with PDD, to calculate the relative protection rate. The results showed that the aqueous extracts of six herbs, including Fructus Chebulae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Cortex Fraxini, Rhizoma Coptidis, Galla Chinensis, Pericarpium Granati, had bacteriostatic effects on the PDD, Galla Chinensis having the strongest bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, with the minimum inhibitory mass concentrations (MIC) of 1.56 g/L and the minimum bactericidal mass concentrations (MBC) of 6.25 g/L. The MIC of 3.13 g/L and MBC of 25 g/L were observed in Pericarpium Granati, and MBC from 6.25 g/L to 25 g/L in Fructus Chebulae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Cortex fraxini and Rhizoma Coptidis, with good bactericidal effect. The descending order of the acute toxicity of the three herbal medicines to juvenile sea cucumber was expressed asGalla Chinensis>Fructus Chebulae>Pericarpium Granati, with the LC50 of 0.417 g/L in 24 h, 0.209 g/L in 48 h, 0.174 g/L in 72 h and 0.145 g/L in 96 h for Fructus Chebulae, and the LC50 of 0.67 g/L in 24 h, 0.318 g/L in 48 h, 0.211 g/L in 72 h and 0.172 g/L in 96 h for Pericarpium Granati. There was cumulative mortality rate of 40% in the control group in 15 d, and the relative protection rate of 92%, 75% and 58.4% in the drug-addition groups in the 15 d,with the order of 3% added group>1% added group>5% added group. The findings indicated that Pericarpium Granati significantly improved the disease resistance of sea cucumber, with the best effect in 3% additive group.
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2025, Vol. 44 
