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| The Effects of Various Ratios of Microalgae to Probiotics on Growth of Juvenile Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus j aponicus) |
| WANG Jiqiao,ZHANG Kai,YUAN Chengyu,JIANG Yusheng,ZHANG Jiancheng,GONG Delong,CAO Xupeng |
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Abstract The juvenile sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) with initial body weight of (1 .00 ± 0 .05) g were reared in 18 plastic tanks supplemented with various ratios of microalgae to probiotics at a rate of 20 individuals per tank with triplication at water temperature of 11 .2~21 .0 ℃ for 80 days .During the culture period ,only alga mixture of Chlorella sp , Cylindrotheca sp and Chaetoceros sp at a same proportion was added to the tanks (Group A ) at a density of 2 .22 × 108 cells per tank ;only probiotics containing photosynthetic bacteria ,lactic bacteria ,and yeasts were added to the tanks at a density of 2 .22 × 108 individuals per tank (Group B);in the tanks (Group C) the algae and probiotics were supplemented at a ratio of 1∶1 ,that is ,1 .11 × 108 individuals per tank each ;the tanks in Group D and Group E were supplemented with alga mixture and probiotics at a ratio of 2∶1 ,and 1∶2 ;no any addition was in the tanks as a control group (Group K) .The results showed that the sea cucumber in Group A had the maximal specific growth rate (0 .16% /d) ,followed by the animals in Group E ,and the minimum in Group B (-0 .37% /d) ,with very significant difference between Group A and Group B ,and between Group E and Group B (P <0 .01) .The higher ammonia and active phosphorus levels in the water ,lower activities of acid phosphatase (ACP) and catase (CA T ) in the coelomic fluids and the least amount of V ibrio sp in the intestines were observed in the sea cucumber in Group B ,in which there were higher nitrite levels , higher activities of ACP and CAT in the coelomic fluids and more amount of Vibrio sp in the intestines . There was no significant relationship between activities of the digestive enzymes in the intestines and the growth in the sea cucumber in the experiment .The ecological functions and supplemental pattern (optimal ratio and time) of the microalgae and probiotics are discussed in the sea cucumber culture ponds in detail .
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Received: 25 September 2013
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