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| Pattern Recognition of Beak in Jumbo Squid Dosidicus gigas |
| GOU Yimeng1, LIU Bilin1,2,3, KONG Xianghong1 |
1. College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
3. National Distant-Water Fisheries Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201306, China |
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Abstract As one of a few hard tissues in cephalopods, beak has been widely used in species identification and population discrimination of cephalopods. This study is based on jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas samples collected in 2009, 2014 and 2015 in the seas off Chile, Peru, Ecuador, and Costa Rica. The method of beak recognition based on discriminant function was proposed and 10 length indices of beak were analyzed. Among those, 70 percent of the samples were used to construct the discriminant function, while 30 percent were used to test. The results showed that the beak from Chile open seas had the largest size and the Peru one had the smallest. The beak′s length was used to identify the populations in different geographical areas, with success rate of more than 95.2%. In Chile, Peru, Ecuador and Costa Rica, the contribution rates were 97.6%,91.0%,96.1% and 96.0%, respectively. The length of the upper lateral wall length, the upper hood length and the upper rostrum length contributed the most. The discriminant function 1, function 2 and function 3 effectively explained the difference of beak between sea areas, with the explanatory rate of 54.9%,29.6% and 15.5%, respectively. The discriminant verification showed that 26 of the 250 samples were wrongly identified. The least number of samples wrongly identified was in the Ecuadorian area. The overall success rate of the test discrimination was 89.6%. As a result, this findings indicated that the morphological difference of beak of jumbo flying squid can be used to identify the geographic populations.
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Received: 07 July 2020
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