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| Population Genetic Study of Triplophysa yarkandensis in Tarim River Basin in Xinjiang |
| ZHAO Wenhao1, YI Shaokui2, ZHOU Qiong1, SHEN Jianzhong1, LI Dapeng1, ZHOU Xiaoyun1 |
1. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaires, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
2. College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China |
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Abstract To understand the population genetic characteristics of Triplophysa yarkandensis in Tarim River Basin in Xinjiang, eight populations of T. yarkandensis were collected from two tributaries of the Tarim River Basin (Qarqan River and Weigan River), and the genetic diversity and population structure were analyzed using mitochondrial COⅠ gene, as well as the newly developed SSR markers. Based on COⅠ sequences, 22 haplotypes were detected, with average haplotype diversity index of 0.8829 and nucleotide diversity index of 0.0032. Based on SSR markers, there was polymorphism information content of 0.629—0.696, observed heterozygosity of 0.607—0.736 and expected heterozygosity range of 0.655—0.755. The results above suggested a high level of genetic diversity in each population. Both COⅠ and SSR results exhibited lower genetic differentiation between populations; the AMOVA results showed that the genetic variations were primarily derived from intra-population (COⅠ, 95.12%; SSR, 97.23%); the genetic distance exhibited a lower level; and the gene flow in the studied populations were higher than 1, suggesting a weak degree of genetic differentiation and an obviously gene flow between populations. The UPGMA phylogenetic tree constructed based on SSR markers showed that the populations from Qarqan River and Weigan River were clustered into separate genetic branch; there was obviously different genetic composition between populations from the two tributaries based on the population structure analysis; and potential genetic barriers were observed based on Barrier analysis. These results indicated that some genetic variation occurred between populations from the two tributaries. To sum up, the genetic diversity of T. yarkandensis populations was found to be relative higher in Tarim River, and obvious gene flow between populations can be detected. However, because of the habitat fragmentation in Tarim River system, potential gene flow barriers occurred between populations from Qarqan River and Weigan River, which resulted in obvious genetic differentiation between populations from the two tributaries. Thus, it is necessary to take effective measure to protect the habitat environment of T. yarkandensis to avoid the potential loss of genetic diversity.
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Received: 22 October 2021
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