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| Aggregation Response to Artificial Reef Models by Wild Juvenile Sea Perch Lateolabrax maculatus |
| ZHANG Beiye1,2, ZUO Tao2,3, ZHANG Chuantao4, CAO Jinfeng4, WANG Jun2,3 |
1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
3. Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;
4. Xiaying Enhancement and Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Weifang 261311, China |
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Abstract In order to probe for behavioral response and selectivity of wild juvenile sea perch Lateolabrax maculatus to artificial reef models to provide reference for development of its resource conservation technology, six artificial reef models with the shapes of prism-, cubic- and star- shaped and suspanded oyster Crassostrea gigas on them were applied in the 0.5 m long× 0.5 m wide observation grids in a length 4.5 m× wide 4 m× deep 2 m test tank at water temperature of 22-24 °C and a salinity of about 25. Underwater cameras and cameras were placed in the test tank to capture the activity behavior, the aggregation behavior and distribution characteristics of juveniles. The test tanks were stocked with 100 individual sea perch with body weight of (22.26±8.41) g, and suspended with an appropriate amount of oysters with shell height of (6.06±0.38) cm. Results showed that in the tank without any reef models, the juveniles scattered and distributed evenly, with a maximum distribution rate of only 6.65% per grid and an average distribution rate of 1.19% in the blank reef grids. When the reef model was placed, the sea perch juveniles gathered into the reef after a short test cruise with the aggregation center in the reef areas. All the average distribution rates were greater than 20%, and colony occurrence frequencies were greater than 75% in the reef grids. In the oyster reef models, the juveniles had longer response and aggregation time, and higher average distribution rates (32.2%-49.9%) than those in the oyster-free ones. In the six reef models, there was the maximal distribution rate in the reef grid and the shortest distance between juvenile individuals and the reef area in the cubic-oyster reef model, implying that this reef type was the most effective for juvenile aggregation. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the fish had an obvious gathering reaction to the reef models of different structures, without significant difference in the attractive parameters among the six reef models. The findings indicated that wild juveniles preferred to gather and had behavioral responses to the artificial reef, showing that the species is a target fish species for stocking in reef areas. It should be taken into consideration that enough space for the fish to swim and appropriate attachment be provided when setting up artificial reefs for the juvenile perch.
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Received: 26 September 2022
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