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| Effects of Predators on Morphology and Population Density of Cladoceron Bosmina longirostris |
| ZENG Pingping1, LI Yichao1, YU Guoxin1, ZHANG Qingjing2, QU Jiangqi2, LIU Qing1 |
1. Key Laboratory for Hydrobiolcgy in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Fisheries Science Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100068, China |
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Abstract To explore changes in phenotypic morphology and population density of cladoceron Bosmina longirost induced by predators, copepod Cyclops vicinus females and cladocerons were placed in filtrate group(pheromones) and contact group (physical stimulation). The effects of different treatment groups on the population quantity, individual size, proportion of hook angle type, and absolute and relative lengths of various morphological characteristics of cladoceron were analyzed. The results showed that the population density of the cladoceron was decreased slightly in the exposed group (P>0.05), with significant increase in the filtrate group (P<0.05) by 25.06% compared with the control group. The morphology of cladoceron changed under the two treatments, but the physical stimulation of the copepod was more likely to cause phenotypic morphology changes in the cladoceron. There were significantly higher body length, body height, absolute length of the antennule and mucrone of the small individuals (body length 300—＜400 μm) and large individuals (body length≥400 μm) in the contact group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The relative length of the antennule and mucrone was shown to be increased significantly in the contact group (P<0.01), without significant difference in the filtrate group (P>0.05). The proportion of cornuta individuals was decreased in the contact group, without significant difference compared with the control group (P>0.05). The findings indicated that the physical stimulation of the copepod was more likely to induce phenotypic morphology variation of the cladoceron, but the population density change was more significant under predator pheromone, which can provide some theoretical data reference for the community structure research of aquatic ecosystem.
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Received: 18 December 2022
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