Abstract：The population composition and fishing strategy were explored in 8448 samples of wild whiparm octopus Octopus variabili collected from natural seas near Laizhou Bay and Zhifu Island in Yantai City, Shandong Province, in breeding seasons from May to June 2016 and April to July 2019 by 4 methods (3 batches of each), including hand catching, cage trap, bottom trawl and purchase in market to protect the nature population of whiparm octopus. The results showed that there was lower proportion of female octopus during the breeding season, with negative relationship between average body weight and female proportion in the whiparm octopus population, that is, the higher the proportion of females, the lower the average body weight. The whiparm octopus captured by hands and cage traps had higher survival rate than the whiparm octopus captured by net and purchased from markets, more suitable for catching broodstock octopus for artificial breeding. The female-to-male ratio of whiparm octopus was found to be changed during the breeding season and to be attributed to the reproductive migration and egg-protecting characteristics of female whiparm octopus. The difference in body weight between male and female octopus seemed to be attributed to two reasons: K-selected strategy and sperm competition. The whiparm octopus caught by hands had good integrity and was most suitable for breeding. The article looks forward to the possibility of combining economic fishing of octopus with population resource protection, and proposes to establish a dynamic database of changes in sex composition and average body weight of whiparm octopus through continuous monitoring, which provides reference for the restoration and protection of the natural population of whiparm octopus.
贺加贝, 王鹤, 孙建晓, 蔡明城, 付建革, 刘永胜. 长蛸繁殖季种群组成及采捕策略初探[J]. 水产科学, 2021, 40(6): 929-933.
HE Jiabei, WANG He, SUN Jianxiao, CAI Mingcheng, FU Jiange, LIU Yongsheng. Population Composition and Fishing Strategy of Whiparm Octopus Octopus variabilis in Breeding Season. 水产科学, 2021, 40(6): 929-933.
[1]董正之.中国动物志 软体动物门 头足纲[M].北京:科学出版社,1988. [2]Lu C C, Zheng X D, Lin X Z. Diversity of Cephalopoda from the waters of the Chinese mainland and Taiwan[G]//林茂,王春光.第一届海峡两岸海洋生物多样性研讨会文集.北京:海洋出版社,2012:76-87. [3]王宇,侯纯强,栾凯,等.基于高通量测序的长蛸不同组织转录组比较分析[J].海洋湖沼通报,2019(3):125-134. [4]薄其康,郑小东,王培亮,等.长蛸(Octopus minor)初孵幼体培育与生长研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2014,45(3):583-588. [5]高晓蕾,许然,张志新,等.中国沿海长蛸群体形态性状的差异[J].水产学报,2019,43(7):1593-1602. [6]孙宝超,杨建敏,孙国华,等.中国沿海长蛸(Octopus variabilis)自然群体线粒体COⅠ基因遗传多样性研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2010,41(2):259-265. [7]Qian Y S, Zheng X D, Wang W J, et al. Ultrastructure of spermatozoa and spermatogenesis in Octopus minor (Sasaki, 1920) (Cephalopoda:Octopoda)[J].Journal of Natural History,2016,50(31/32):2037-2047. [8]李来国,王春琳,张晓梅.长蛸人工育苗研究[J].中国水产,2010(3):48-49. [9]王亚,陈庆艳,安芹芹,等.长蛸人工育苗关键技术探讨[J].水产养殖,2015,36(3):43-44. [10]钱耀森,郑小东,刘畅,等.人工条件下长蛸(Octopus minor)繁殖习性及胚胎发育研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(1):165-170. [11]郑小东,韩松,林祥志,等.头足类繁殖行为学研究现状与展望[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(3):459-465. [12]Boyle P, Rodhouse P. Cephalopods: ecology and fisheries[M].Oxford:Wiley-Blackwell,2005. [13]Hall K, Hanlon R. Principal features of the mating system of a large spawning aggregation of the giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama (Mollusca:Cephalopoda)[J].Marine Biology,2002,140(3):533-545. [14]Loureno S, Moreno A, Narciso L, et al. Seasonal trends of the reproductive cycle of Octopus vulgaris in two environmentally distinct coastal areas[J].Fisheries Research,2012,127/128:116-124. [15]林东明.阿根廷滑柔鱼的产卵策略研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2015. [16]刘必林,陈新军,田思泉,等.西南大西洋公海阿根廷滑柔鱼性成熟的初步研究[J].上海水产大学学报,2008,17(6):721-725. [17]张素萍,张均龙,陈志云.黄渤海软体动物图志[M].北京:科学出版社,2016:399. [18]Hatanaka H, Kawahara S, Uozumi Y, et al. Comparison of life cycles of five ommastrephid squids fished by Japan:Todarodes pacificus,Illex illecebrosus, Illex argentinus, Nototodarus sloanisloani and Nototodarus sloani gouldi[J].NAFO Scientific Council Studies,1985,9:59-68. [19]Jonas W N, 陈武,王春琳,等.长蛸对几个环境因子的耐受能力及栖息习性研究[J].水产科学,2010,29(2):74-78. [20]Jereb P, Roper C. Cephalopods of the world, an annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date[R]. Rome:FAO,2010:1-262. [21]Tafur R, Villegas P, Rabí M, et al. Dynamics of maturation, seasonality of reproduction and spawning grounds of the jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas (Cephalopoda:Ommastrephidae) in Peruvian waters[J].Fisheries Research,2001,54(1):33-50. [22]Jackson G D, Semmens J M, Phillips K L, et al. Reproduction in the deepwater squid Moroteuthis ingens,what does it cost?[J].Marine Biology,2004,145(5):905-916. [23]刘畅.长蛸生活史养殖技术研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013. [24]吴常文,吕永林.浙江北部沿海长蛸生态分布初步研究[J].浙江水产学院学报,1995(2):148-150. [25]郑伟,阎斌伦,李士虎.长蛸人工育苗及养殖技术研究[J].水产科学,2009,28(3):176-178.
2021, Vol. 40 
