Production Performance of Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata martensii under the Relay Pearl Culture Model in Liusha Bay
WANG Yiwei1, CHEN Zhenhua 2, CHEN Wenqing 2, LIAO Yongshan1,3,4, ZHANG Jiawei 1, WANG Qingheng1,3,4
1. College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; 2. Bihaiwan Aquaculture Technology Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang 524382, China; 3. Guangdong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Guangzhou 510520, China; 4. Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Pearl Culture and Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Abstract：In recent years, the mortality rate of pearl oysters in the main seawater pearl production area, Liusha Bay, has been significantly increased in summer period, severely affecting the industry's profitability. To address the threat of climate change to the cultivation of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii, a staged sea area relay cultivation model was proposed to improve the survival rate of pearl oyster during high-temperature periods and pearl quality. Using pearl oyster with an average shell length of (52.07±2.74) mm as the experimental material, a 9-month aquaculture trial was conducted from April 2023 to January 2024 in the Dajing (within the bay) and Chengwu (outside the bay) areas of Liusha Bay. A relay cultivation model was constructed in different sea areas inside and outside the bay to improve the survival rate of pearl oysters during high temperature periods. Three groups were set up: the inner-bay pearl-culture group, the outside-bay pearl group, and the relay pearl culture experimental group. Survival rates of the pearl oyster and environmental factors were monitored, and bead retention rates, commercial pearl rates, high-quality pearl rates, and pearl layer thickness were measured and monitored. Results showed that water temperature was higher and dissolved oxygen significantly lower in the Dajing inner-bay area than those in Chengwu during the high-temperature period from June to September (seawater temperature >28 ℃)(P<0.05), with dissolved oxygen being significantly negatively correlated with temperature (P<0.01). There was significantly higher survival in the outside-bay pearl group and relay pearl culture experimental group than that in the inner-bay pearl-culture group(P<0.05), without significant difference in nucleus retention, commercial pearl yield and high-quality pearl yield among the three groups (P>0.05), whereas significantly greater nacre thickness in the inner-bay pearl-culture group and relay pearl-culture experimental group than that in the outer-bay pearl-culture group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the staged relay-culture model can effectively improve pearl oyster survival during high-temperature periods without reducing pearl quality and can be taken serve as an effective strategy to further enhance the yield and quality of marine pearl culture. Summer mortality risk can be systematically reduced without compromising pearl quality by exploiting environmental differences between inner- and outer-bay areas to implement relay culture. The finding provides important practical value for promoting the sustainable development of the pearl industry.
王奕伟, 陈振华, 陈文清, 廖永山, 张家炜, 王庆恒. 流沙湾马氏珠母贝接力养殖模式的生产性能分析[J]. 水产科学, 2026, 45(5): 718-726.
WANG Yiwei, CHEN Zhenhua, CHEN Wenqing, LIAO Yongshan, ZHANG Jiawei, WANG Qingheng. Production Performance of Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata martensii under the Relay Pearl Culture Model in Liusha Bay. Fisheries Science, 2026, 45(5): 718-726.
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2026, Vol. 45 
