Abstract：In order to investigate the diet composition of Japanese flying squid Todarodes pacificus in the Central and Southern Yellow Sea in summer,feeding characteristics and prey composition were analyzed in the Japanese flying squid sampled during the fisheries survey from 30 stations from July to August in 2022. Biological parameters measured in 251 specimens, and DNA analysis of stomach contents in 20 samples showed that the mantle length was ranged from 121 mm to 256 mm (mean: 182.51 mm), and body weight varied from 43 g to 408 g (mean: 153.84 g). The empty stomach rate was found to be 4.78%, with feeding intensity predominantly at levels 1—2; no empty stomachs were observed in individuals with a dorsal mantle length over 200 mm. Significant differences in feeding intensity were observed among mantle length cohorts and body weight groups (P<0.05), without significant effect on sexual maturity individuals (P<0.05). Notably, feeding indices exhibited a progressive rise with increase in both mantle length and body weight. Sequencing analysis showed that 11 prey species were identified by 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA primers, with Chordata as the dominant phylum. 100% of frequency in Engraulis japonicas, and 95% of frequency and the maximal relative sequence abundance in Enedrias fangi. The occurrence frequency of Takifugu was shown to be over 75%, with only 1.05% of relative sequence abundance. Cluster analysis revealed E. fangi as the dominant prey,with E. japonicus, S. niphonius and Nemopilema nomurai forming secondary food sources.High dietary similarity was observed among samples #1—#8, #11—#12 and #15—#17. Systematic analysis of prey composition in Japanese flying squid facilitates in-depth exploration of the intrinsic linkages between feeding behavior and key life history traits, including somatic growth, migratory patterns, and reproductive strategies. The findings provide crucial data for constructing ecological history models of Japanese flying squid and establishment of a theoretical foundation for the sustainable exploitation of fishery resources.
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2026, Vol. 45 
