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| Effects of Acute Ammonia Stress on Tissue Structure of Main Organs of Chinese Striped-Necked Turtle Mauremys sinensis |
| HUANG Zubin, LIANG Lingyue, LI Weihao, LI Na, DING Li, HONG Meiling |
| Key Laboratory of Tropical Island Ecology, Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China |
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Abstract In order to explore the effects of acute ammonia nitrogen stress on the tissue structure of main organs, one-year-old Chinese striped-necked turtle Mauremys sinensis with average body weight of (218.26±12.65) g was treated with 200 mg/L total ammonia nitrogen for 24 h, 48 h and removal of ammonia nitrogen for 48 h. The effects of ammonia nitrogen stress on the tissue structure of brain, liver, heart, spleen and kidney were studied by H·E staining.The results showed that there were broadening and loosening interstitium, deviation of neuronal nucleus, degeneration and necrosis of neurons after ammonia nitrogen stress, and the phenomenon of neuronal swelling and nuclear deviation was found to be decreased after 48 hours of recovery. Pathological phenomena such as hepatocyte swelling, granular degeneration, vesicular degeneration and necrosis were found in the liver, and the hepatic sinusoid shrunk or even disappeared. After 48 hours of recovery, the hepatocyte swelling was decreased and the hepatic sinusoid basically returned to the pre-stress level. However, the phenomena of hepatocyte granule degeneration and vesicular degeneration still existed; cardiac interstitial vascular congestion, the myocardial intercellular space shrinked to the pre-stress level 48 hours after recovery, and the phenomenon of hyperemia disappeared. Renal tubular epithelial cells had granular degeneration, some cells fell off from the basement membrane, cell membrane ruptured, glomerular volume increased, capillary network dilated, nuclear pyknosis or even dissolution disappeared, and inflammatory cells infiltrated in the interstitium. Inflammatory cells basically disappeared after 48 hours of recovery, but pathological phenomena such as irregular lumen of renal tubules and granular degeneration still existed. The white pulp area of the spleen enlarged, and the white marrow and red marrow tended to the normal level after 48 hours of recovery. It was found that acute ammonia nitrogen stress caused varying degrees of damage to the brain, liver, heart and kidney of Chinese striped-necked turtles, and 48 hours of recovery was not enough for Chinese striped-necked turtle to fully recover under stress, in which the recovery ability of heart was better, the recovery ability of brain, liver and kidney was relatively poor, and the proliferation of immune cells in spleen indicated that the body initiated immune defense mechanism after stress to enhance the immune ability of the body.The findings expounded the effect of ammonia nitrogen stress on Chinese striped-necked turtles from the point of view of pathology, which provided a theoretical basis for the healthy culture of turtles.
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Received: 10 August 2020
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