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| Spatial and Temporal Variations of Potential Habitats of Jumbo Flying Squid Dosidicus gigas off Peru under Increasing Sea Surface Temperature |
| LIU Shan1, ZHANG Zijian1, WU Jiayi1, YU Wei1,2,3,4 |
1.College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2.National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
3.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
4.Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201306, China |
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Abstract Jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas is widely distributed in the southeast Pacific Ocean off Peru, and has highly ecological and economical importance. At present, jumbo flying squid has been largely exploited by international squid-jigging fishing vessels. Jumbo flying squid has only one- or two-year lifespan, and both its abundance and spatial distribution are closely related to large-scale climatic and regional environmental conditions at different spatio-temporal scales. Understanding of the relationship between the jumbo flying squid stock and climate variability is very important for better fisheries management and accurate fishing forecasts. It will help fishermen to effectively look for productive fishing grounds, increase the catch and improve the economic values. Based on the fishery data obtained from the Chinese squid-jigging fishery, combined with the critical environmental factor (sea surface temperature, SST), variations in the habitat suitability of D. gigas off Peru were evaluated, and further assessment of the impacts of ocean waming-induced SST increases on spatio-temporal distribution of potential habitats were investigated under the SST in recent years (2011—2015) and with 0.5 ℃, 1.0 ℃, 2.0 ℃ and 4.0 ℃ increases. The results showed that the habitat suitability index model accurately predicted the spatial and temporal habitat of jumbo flying squid. With the SST increase, the areas of suitable (HSI≥0.6) and the most favorable habitats (HSI≥0.8) for jumbo flying squid showed a decreasing trend from September to December. The longitudinal and latitudinal gravity centers of habitat moved to eastward and southward, respectively. Under the scenarios of SST increasing from 0.5 ℃ to 4.0 ℃, the averaged habitat suitability index value became higher in the eastward and southward direction. The findings indicated that, with the SST off Peru increase by 0.5 ℃, 1.0 ℃, 2.0 ℃ and 4.0 ℃, the favorable habitat of jumbo flying squid became a decrease tendency and moved into east-southward regions. The exploitation of fishing ground of jumbo flying squid off Peru should consider the impacts of ocean warming-induced SST increase.
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Received: 31 March 2020
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