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| Effect of Vibrio anguillarum and Edwardsiella tarda on Liver Microbial Communities of Octopus Octopus ocellatus |
| ZHU Xinghua1,2,3, WANG Jinlong1,2,3, YUAN Tingzhu4, FENG Yanwei5, LI Zan5, XU Xiaohui5, WANG Weijun5, SUN Guohua5, YANG Jianmin5 |
1. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. Key laboratory of Marine Ecological Resources Restoration in Shandong Province, Shandong Institute of Marine Resources and Environment, Yantai 264006, China;
3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
4. Marine Economic Promotion Center of Changdao Comprehensive Experimental Zone, Yantai 265800, China;
5. Agricultural College, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China |
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Abstract Microbial community plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of host physiological and life activities. Octopus Octopus ocellatus is one of the most economically important species in the coastal fisheries of northern China. Up to now, there are few reports on the structure and function of the liver flora of the octopus. Samples of the octopus were collected from the sea area near Yantai. Liver tissues of control group, E. tarda injection group and V. anguillarum injection group were collected. After DNA extraction, 16S rRNA gene amplicons were sequenced, and the bacterial community structure was analyzed and compared based on bioinformatics method. The function of bacterial community was predicted by PICRUSt software. A total of 217 287 effective sequences were obtained from samples in the three groups. After homogenization, 373 OTUs were shared by E. tarda injection group and control group, 166 OTUs were shared by V. anguillarum injection group and control group. Alpha index showed that the diversity of microbial community in liver of control group was the highest, while that of V. anguillarum injection group was the lowest. At the phylum level, the dominant flora in control group was Proteobacteria (46.2%), Bacteroidetes (13.32%), Tenerictes (9.03%), Firmicutes (7.9%), Acidobacteria (5.76%), and so on. Proteobacteria (43.33%), Tenerictes (31.33%), Firmicutes (16.5%) and Actinobacteria (2.59%) were the core microflora in E. tarda injection group, and the proportion of core microflora in V. anguillarum injection group was 95.95%. At the genus level, the core bacteria in control group were Mycoplasma (9.01%), Brevundimonas (5.74%), Gp4 (5.16%), Pseudomonas (4.26%),Limnobacter (2.29%), Methylobacterium (1.73%) and Clostridium (1.07%); the four genera with the highest abundance in E. tarda injection group were Mycoplasma (31.28%), Lactococcus (9.49%), Enterobacter (6.07%) and Brevundimonas (4.26%). The highest abundance in V. anguillarum injection group was Mycoplasma. The thermogram showed that control group and E. tarda injection group clustered into one branch, and V. anguillarum injection group clustered into a single branch. The results of PICRUSt prediction showed that the main function of liver microflora in the octopus was related to metabolic function, and the functional abundance of metabolism and cell pathway decreased after injection. The liver microflora of the octopus had a certain stable structure, which maintained the normal immune and metabolic activities of the octopus. The diversity and abundance of liver microflora changed significantly after V. anguillarum injection, which indicated that V. anguillarum had great influence on the liver flora of the octopus. The findings will provide basic data for accurate diagnosis and control of bacterial diseases in the octopus culture.
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Received: 13 October 2020
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