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| Influence of Bacterial and Algal Regulation on Water Quality in Aquaculture and Growth of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei |
| MENG Gao1,2,3, CHEN Zhao2,3, CHANG Zhiqiang2,3, WANG Yuzhen1,2,3, LI Jian2,3 |
1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China;
3. Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory, Qingdao 266100, China |
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Abstract In order to probe the effects of beneficial algae and bacteria on the culture of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, the juvenile shrimp with body weight of 1.83 g were reared in 100 L white barrels.containing beneficial algae (Chaetoceros muelleri, Chlorella vulgaris, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum), beneficial bacteria (Bacillus polymyxa, B. subtilis and B. pumilus) and a 1∶1 mixture of bacteria and algae in the water to final concentration of 4.0×104 cell/mL, with the culture group without beneficial algae and bacteria as the control group. The physical and chemical indices of water quality were monitored in each group, the diversity of microbial community in the water environment was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing, and the growth performances of shrimp and the activity of immune-related enzymes were observed. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, active phosphate and chemical oxygen demand were effectively removed in the aquaculture water of Pacific white shrimp in the three treatment groups (reduced by 95.61%, 65.86% and 51.45%) compared with the control group, the best removal effect on ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and chemical oxygen demand in the beneficial algae group. The best removal effect on active phosphate(89.94%) was observed in the beneficial bacteria group, lower than that in the control group. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the absolute dominant bacteria in each treatment group were found to be Rhodobacteraceae, with the relative abundance of 43.30% in the beneficial bacteria group, 48.66% in the beneficial algae group, 73.03% in the mixed bacteria and algae group, and 66.87% in the control group. The addition of beneficial bacteria and beneficial algae led to increase the diversity of microbial communities and to change the microbial community structure (P<0.05). The addition of beneficial bacteria was shown to significantly increase the relative abundance of Bacillaceae in the beneficial bacteria group (3.69%) (P<0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme (LZM) in shrimp in the three treatment groups were shown to be increased to varying extents, and to promote the growth of shrimp, with significantly higher enzyme activity and growth of shrimp in the beneficial algae group and the beneficial bacteria group than those in the mixed group and the control group (P<0.05). The findings indicate that addition of beneficial algae and beneficial bacteria can improve the water environment and the growth of shrimp as a feasible scheme for the regulation of shrimp aquaculture environment.
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Received: 03 August 2022
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