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| Effect of Different Diets and Fasting Periods on Respiration and Excretion of Juvenile Sandfish Holothuria scabra |
| LIU Xujia1, HUANG Guoqiang2, LIU Jing3, JIANG Fajun1, LAI Junxiang1, LI Zhiqiao4 |
1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
2. Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China;
3. Guangxi Key Laboratory for Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Oceanography, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China;
4. College of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China |
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Abstract In order to probe the effects of diet types and fasting period on the respiration and excretion of juvenile sandfish Holothuria scabra, sand fish weighing (1.07±0.07) g were reared in 21 L culture tanks (385 mm×260 mm×210 mm) at bottom with 2 cm thick layer of sea sand with grain size from 0.085 mm to <0.180 mm at salinity of 26—28 and water temperatures of 28—31 ℃, and fed shrimp diet, brown alga Sargassum powder, green alga Spirulina powder, sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas diet, and fermented diet for 40 days. At the end of the feeding trail, sea cucumber 10 juveniles were randomly sampled from each group to be fasted for 1 day and 2 days, and the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate were determined in 1 L conical flasks closed static water. The results showed the specific growth rate (SGR) was the maximum in the juveniles fed the commercial formula diet and fermented diet, significantly higher than those in the other three groups (P<0.05), with significantly higher in the Sargassum powder group than those in the Spirulina powder group and the shrimp diet group (P<0.05). The descending order of oxygen consumption rates under fasting for 1 day and 2 days in each group was expressed as shrimp diet > Spirulina powder > fermented diet > Sargassum powder > commercial formula diet. There were significantly higher oxygen consumption rates in the juveniles in the shrimp diet group than those in the other groups (P<0.05), with significantly higher in the juveniles fasted for 1 day than those fasted for 2 days for all five groups (P<0.05). The juveniles fed shrimp diet and fasted for 1 day had the maximal ammonia excretion rate, significantly higher than that in the Sargassum powder and formulated diet groups (P<0.05). The minimal ammonia excretion rate was observed in the juveniles fasted for 1 day in the shrimp diet group, significantly lower than that in the other diet groups (P<0.05), with significantly higher ammonia excretion rate in the juveniles fasted for 1 day than that in juveniles fasted for 2 days in the shrimp diet group (P<0.05), while for the other groups, the ammonia excretion rate under fasting for 1 day was found to be significantly lower than that under fasting for 2 days (P<0.05). The maximal O/N ratio was found in the juveniles fasted for 2 days in the shrimp diet group, significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05), without significant differences in the juveniles fasted for 1 day among different diet groups. Except for the shrimp diet group, the O/N ratios under fasting for 1 day were found to be significantly higher than those under fasting for 2 days for the other diet groups (P<0.05). The maximal energy value increase was observed in individual juveniles in the commercial formula diet group, significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). The findings indicated that commercial formula diet and fermented diet were more conducive to the growth and metabolism of juvenile H. scabra, and that provided important data for the aquaculture production.
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Received: 04 November 2024
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