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| Effects of Medicated Bath on Gut Microbiota of Juvenile Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus |
| LI Shilei, YANG Huihua, ZHANG Qian, WANG Xuda, DONG Ying, YE Bo, ZHAO Zhenjun, WANG Xiaoyue, LIU Danni, CAO Chen, ZHOU Zunchun |
| Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China |
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Abstract Effects of antibiotic medicine bath on gut microbiota of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were explored in this study. When changing the breeding pond, the common group and the medicine bath group were set. The juvenile sea cucumber in the common group were cultured normally without medicine bath. The juvenile sea cucumber in the medicine bath group were bathed with florfenicol at the concentration of 0.1 g/L for 15 min. Two groups of intestinal samples were taken at 24, 48 and 72 h after changing the breeding pond for 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing analysis. The results showed that the gut microbiota structure of juvenile sea cucumber in the common group were basically the same as that of juvenile sea cucumber before changing the breeding pond. The gut microbiota diversity of juvenile sea cucumber in the medicine bath group changed greatly, with the maximal bacterial diversity at 24 h, then decreased gradually. The relative abundance of the dominant bacterial phylum Proteobacteria in juvenile sea cucumber was more than 98%. At 24, 48 and 72 h after the medicine bath, the relative abundance of the Proteobacteria in juvenile sea cucumber were 90.51%, 92.99% and 96.63%, respectively. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobia and Firmicutes was increased, and the new detection of Dadabacteria, Dependentiae and Gemmatimonadetes. The relative abundance of dominant bacteria Noviherbaspirillum in the intestines of juvenile sea cucumber in the common group were more than 95%. The relative abundance of Noviherbaspirillum in the intestines of juvenile sea cucumber was decreased to 2.46%, and Phyllobacterium, Candidatus Competitor and Sphingomonas became new dominant bacteria at 24 h after the medicine bath. The relative abundance of Noviherbaspirillum was increased to 36.7% at 48 h and 69.9% at 72 h after the medicine bath, others gradually decreased, and the gut microbiota structure gradually recovered to that before the medicine bath. Antibiotic bath was suggested to break the balance of gut microbiota structure of juvenile sea cucumber, which may affect the digestion and absorption of juvenile sea cucumber and increase the risk of disease. Antibiotic bath is not recommended when changing the breeding pond. The finding provides theoretical basis and technical support for healthy culture of sea cucumber.
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Received: 01 March 2022
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