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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2013 Vol. , No. 11 Published: 2013-11-25

Article

	627	Effects of Nutrient Concentrations on Community Succession in Six Marine Microalga Species
		LIANG Ying,LIU Chun-qiang,TIAN Chuan-yuan,SUN Ming-hui
		In this paper ,six marine microalga species(Phaeodactylum tricornutum ,Nitzschiaclosterium f .minutissima , Dunaliella salina , Platymonas helgolandica var .tsingtaoensi , K arenia mikimotoi and Amphidinium carterae)were cultured together under different nutrient concentrations (2f medium ,f/2 medium ,and f/8 medium) ,different N concentrations (299 .2 mg/L ,74 .8 mg/L ,and 18 .7 mg/L) , different P concentrations (17 .6 mg/L ,4 .4 mg/L ,and 1 .1 mg/L ) and different Fe concentrations (15 .6 mg/L ,3 .9 mg/L ,and 0 .98 mg/L ) to evaluate the effects of nutrient concentrations on the community succession in the six species of microalgae .The results showed that green algae were the predominant in high nutrient concentration (2f medium) and accounted for 75 .6% of the total cell density .The diatoms had strong competitiveness with the decreasing nutrient concentrations ,accounting for 57 .0% of the total cell density in f/8 medium .The predominant diatoms were observed at high N concentration (299 .2 mg/L) ,representing 55 .7% of the total cell density .The competitiveness of diatoms was found to be declined with the decreasing N concentrations .In low N concentration (18 .7 mg/L) ,46 .6% of diatoms and 48 .3%of green algae were found and green algae were the predominant species in high P concentration (17 .6 mg/L) ,accounting for 63 .6% of the total cell density ,while the diatoms became dominant with the decline in P concentration ,accounting for 54 .3% of the total cell density in low P concentration (1 .1 mg/L ) . Diatoms had competitive advantage in high (15 .6 mg/L ) and low (0 .98 mg/L ) Fe concentrations , accounting for 71 .5% and 52 .1% of the total cell densities ,respectively .The dinoflagellates were inhibited in grow th with small proportion in the total cell densities in all treatments .
		2013 Vol. (11): 627-635 [Abstract] ( 55 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1705 KB) ( 454 )

	636	Morphological Characterization of Hybrids F1 and F2 in Spotted Mandarinfish Siniperca scherzeri ♀ × Mandarinfish S .chuatsi ♂
		XU Miaoyang,GUO Jintao,ZHAO Jinliang,QIAN Yezhou,WU Chao,QIAN De
		The morphological characterization of hybrids F1 and F2 in spotted mandarinfish Siniperca scherzeri ♀ × mandarinfish S .chuatsi ♂ were compared with their parents by meristic and morphometric parameters .It was found that the hybrids F1 and F2 showed resemble to the female parents in body spots , but resemble to the male parents in body shape .The numbers of dorsal fins ,anal fins ,pectoral fins and pelvic fins were relatively consistent in these four populations .The uplift angle at the posterior head and anterior dorsal part were more obviuos in the hybrids F1 and F2 than in the female parents .The hybrids F1 and F2 showed a mediated type between the female and male parents in trunk longitudinal axis ,vertical axis ,and dorsal/ventral ratio ,respectively .Euclidean distance cluster analysis revealed that mandarinfish formed independent group ,whereas the hybrids F1 and F2 formed another group with mandarinfish .The discriminating accuracy rate was found 100% in spotted mandarinfish ,81 .8% in mandarinfish ,85 .2% in F1 ,and 58 .8% in F2 .The discriminating scatterplot analysis indicated that the hybrids F 1 and F2 lied between spotted mandarinfish , and mandarinfish , and tended to mandarinfish .The morphological characterization of the hybrid F2 showed some differentiation from the hybrid F1 .These findings would provide some basic data for hybrid identification and hybridization breeding of Siniperca species .
		2013 Vol. (11): 636-640 [Abstract] ( 55 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1554 KB) ( 333 )

	641	Functional and Antioxidant Properties of Protein Hydrolysates from Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas Thunberg Fermented by Mold Aspergillus oryzae
		LIU Shu,WANG Shujun,FANG Yaowei,L Mingsheng,JIAO Yuliang,YAN Chen
		Antioxidant activity and functional properties of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas protein hydrolysates fermented by mold Aspergillus oryzae ,whose broth was ultrafiltrated through membranes with molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) fractions ,were investigated .The hydrolysates with molecular weight from 1 ku to 3 ku had the maximal antioxidant activities .All of the protein hydrolysates showed excellent solubility , emulsifying and foaming properties affected by their molecular weight and concentrations used .T he emulsifying activity index ,emulsion stability index ,foam expansion ,and foam stability were found to be increased with increasing molecular weight of protein hydrolysates .Emulsifying activity index and emulsion stability index were decreased with increasing concentration of protein hydrolysates ,and the foam expansion and foam stability were found to be increased .The protein hydrolysate from the muscle of Pacific oyster protein produced by microbial fermentation can be used as a promising source of functional peptides with antioxidant property .
		2013 Vol. (11): 641-645 [Abstract] ( 44 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1227 KB) ( 260 )

	646	Fishery Resources in Waters of Dalian Seal Nature Reservation Zone
		TIAN Jia-shen,HAN Jia-bo,ZHANG Ming,LI Hua-lin,LU Zhi-chuang
		T he fishery resources survey in Dalian seal nature reservation zone and the adjacent sea area were conducted at 15 sampling stations on later March of 2012 by underground trawling to evaluate the community structure and spatial patterns of heterogeneity of nekton .A total of 34 nektons were collected during the survey ,belonging to 9 orders including 17 fish species ,9 shrimp species ,6 crab species and 2 cephalopod species .However ,29 nektons were found in reservation zone including 16 species of fish ,12 crustaceans and 1 cephalopod ,and 24 nektons were collected in the adjacent area including 11 species of fish ,12 crustaceans and 1 cephalopod . A total of 17 species nektons showed single-species catch proportion of more than 1% of the total catches in number ,16 species in the reservation zone and 10 species in the adjacent area .There were 4 species nektons showing single-species density of over 1% in both the reservation zone and the adjacent area .In the reservation zone ,the richness indices (Margaler) was ranged from 1 .01 to 2 .36 ,with an average of 1 .52 ,the species diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener) from 1 .27 to 3 .39 ,with an average of 2 .458 ,and the evenness indices (Pielou) 0 .38~0 .91 ,with an average of 0 .71 .In adjacent sea area ,the richness indices was found between 0 .94 and 1 .63 ,with an average of 1 .37 ,the species diversity index 1 .50~2 .71 ,with an average of 1 .998 ,and the evenness indices 0 .38 ~ 0 .78 , with an average of 0 .573 , showing the higher species diversity index in the reservation than in other areas .
		2013 Vol. (11): 646-652 [Abstract] ( 114 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (817 KB) ( 463 )

	653	The Muscular Proximate Composition and Activities of Digestive and Immune Enzymes in Different Sizes of Mozambican Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon
		ZHOU Fan,XIAO Jinxing,HE Zhongyang,ZHANG Haiqi,HE Feng,WU Jieqiong
		The muscle proximate composition ,activities of digestive and immune enzymes were analyzed and compared in Mozambican tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon with body weight of (3 .36 ± 0 .38) g ,(8 .88 ± 0 .48) g and (14 .92 ± 0 .53 ) g . The results showed that the muscular moisture was found to be significantly decreased as the shrimp grew (P<0 .05) .However ,the muscular crude protein and crude lipid contents increased with increase in body weight . The tissue protease activities were arranged as :hepatopancreas>intestine> stomach ;the lipase activities as :hepatopancreas≈ intestine> stomach ;and the amylase activities as :intestine > hepatopancreas> stomach .The digestive enzymes activities were varied with the body weight ,the hepatopancreas and intestine being recognized as the primary digestive tissues . The activities of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase were found to be decreased in hepatopancreas with the increasing body weight (P<0 .05) .The minimal activity of catalase was observed in mid-sized shrimp while the minimal superoxide dismutase activities were found in the small shrimp .
		2013 Vol. (11): 653-656 [Abstract] ( 49 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (634 KB) ( 323 )

	657	Identification and Phylogenetic Analyses of Pathogen Nocardia sp Islated from Giant Gourami (Osphronemus gorami)
		XU Xiao-li,LI He-mi,SHAO Peng,CUI Kuan-kuan,CAI Yan,ZHANG Qin
		A strain of Bacterium (designed as 1214) was isolated and identified from the visceral of diseased tropical ornamental fish giant gourami (Osphronemus gorami) reared in Tianjin .The strain 1214 was found to be Gram-positive ,branching ,bead-like or long ,slender ,and filamentous rods in shapes .The infection experiments indicated that the isolated bacterium was pathogen responsible for the mortality .The traditional physiological and biochemical methods showed that most of the phenotypes of strain 1214 were similar to Nocardia ,and phylogeny analysis with 16S rDNA showed that the strain 1214 was branched into the same cluster as that of other species of Nocardia ,and had a higher identity with N .seriolae JCM 3360T (99 .9% ) .Based on the symptom of diseased fish and the grow th characteristics ,morphological , physiological , biochemical properties and phylogenetic analysis , the filamentous rod bacterium was identified as N . seriolea .Antimicrobial susceptibility assay revealed that this strain was susceptible to florfenicol ,streptomycin ,erythromycin ,doxycycline and azithromycin ,but high resistant to sulphamethoxazole and penicillin .
		2013 Vol. (11): 657-661 [Abstract] ( 79 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2413 KB) ( 441 )

	662	Artificial Propagation and Fry Rearing of Sleeper Odontobutis y alunensis
		WANG Xinrong,XU Zhongyuan,LUO Xiaonian,LI Jun,ZHANG Xiaofeng
		The artificial propagation of sleeper Odontobutis yalunensis as an economically important freshwater fish remains to be a bottleneck for development of sleeper culture in China .The preliminary research on the artificial propagation technology and fry culture of the sleeper was conducted in Xinbin county ,Liaoning province from 2009 to 2010 .A total of 1030 pairs of sleeper broodstock were induced to spaw n by hormone injection in 2009 ,with spaw ning success of 76 .9% ,and average fertilization rate of 80% .A total of 5 .2 × 104 fry were produced with average hatching rate of 21% ,and then 2 .1 × 104 fingerlings with average total body length of 3 .15 cm were obtained after 30~60 day rearing .In 2010 ,204 pairs of sleeper broodstock were induced to spawn and produced 12 .9 × 104 eggs by the improved method , with average spawning success of 82 .5% ,and average fertilization rate of 84% .A total of 9 .2 × 104 fry were produced with the average hatching rate of 83 .6% ,and 5 .4 × 104 fingerlings with average total body length of 3 .20 cm were obtained after 30~60 day rearing .The findings show that the sleeper spawn as early as in the middle of April in Liaoning province at the minimal water temperature of 8 ℃ .The best artificial propagation of sleeper was found under twice induction by LHRH-A2 + DOM at a dose of (6μg/kg + 4 mg/kg) per kg body weight .The hatching rate was improved by over 4 times by a new simple and efficient incubation method .The fry was fed Cladocera and Limnodrilus and began to cannibalize after the fish had total body length of 1 .2 cm .
		2013 Vol. (11): 662-667 [Abstract] ( 71 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (5900 KB) ( 231 )

	668	The Colonization,Bacteriostasis and Purification Water of Marine Paenibacillus polymyxa Strain L1-9 in a Japanese Shrimp Culture Pond
		BAO Zeng-hai,MA Gui-zhen,WANG Shu-fang,FU Hong-run,GE Ping-hua,WU Shao-jie
		Marine Paenibacillus polymyxa strain L1-9 was inoculated (without inoculation as control) in Japanese shrimp culture ponds to investigate the colonization ,bacteriostasis and purification water of the marine P .polymyxa strain L1-9 in the Japanese shrimp culture ponds .After that ,the number of L1-9 , V ibrio ,Bacillaceae and heterotrophic bacteria was detected regularly ,and the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen ,nitrate , nitrite , and phosphate were detected . During the culture , the number of V ibrio , Bacillaceae ,and heterotrophic bacteria and the levels of ammonia nitrogen ,nitrate ,and nitrite were found to be significantly lower in the Japanese shrimp culture ponds inoculated with L 1-9 strain than those in the control . However , there was significantly higher concentration of phosphate in the Japanese shrimp culture ponds inoculated with L1-9 strain than that in the control pond , especially the number of Bacillaceae and the ammonia nitrogen level , the Bacillaceae reaching 4 .60 × 102 cfu/mL on the 5 th d , significantly less than that in the control (1 .80 × 103 cfu/mL) on the 7 th d .The concentration of ammonia nitrogen was found to be 60 .2 μg/L ,less than that in the control (76 .7 μg/L) .It is concluded that L1-9 strain has obviously bacteriostasis and purification water effect in aquaculture .
		2013 Vol. (11): 668-672 [Abstract] ( 112 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (860 KB) ( 307 )

	673	Artificial Propagation of Fat Minnow Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski
		LUO Xiao-nian,LI Jun,JIN Guang-hai,LIU Yi-xin,LI Jing-wei,YANG Pei-min,JIANG Xiang-hui
		The wild juvenile fat minnow Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski was collected from rivers or reservoirs ,and cultured in net cages or in ponds until they became broodstocks .A total of 670 pairs of broodstocks were induced to spawn by hormone injection (LHRH-A2 + DOM + HCG) ,with spawning success of 77 .8% ,fertilization rate of 84 .6% and hatching rate of 64 .0% ,and 1170 ,000 fertilized eggs and 558 ,000 fry were obtained in 2012 .In the study ,the techniques of artificial propagation of the fat minnow were studied including sexual distinguish in morphology , identification of maturity degree , spaw ning temperature and time ,hormone injection ,artificial insemination and hatching .
		2013 Vol. (11): 673-675 [Abstract] ( 59 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1319 KB) ( 235 )

	676	Effects of Several Opioid Peptides on Lipase Activity in Digestive System of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus j aponicus
		SONG Shao-feng,LIU Xue-qian,PAN Jin-hua,SUN Juan,ZHANG Zhuang-zhi,CHEN Tian-tian,LI Xiao-jie
		The effects of three types of opioid peptides on lipase activity were studied in digestive system of sea cucumber A postichopus japonicus 1h ,3h ,and 9h after the sea cucumber was injected with the opioid peptides and 2% NaCl solution .The results showed that the lipase activity was found to be inhibited by endormorphins .The lipase activity was shown decrease first ,and then enhanced with time elapsed in the sea cucumber injected withβ-endorphin .The lipase activity was decreased 1h ,3h and 9h after the injection in the sea cucumber administrated by dynorphin ,indicating that the three opioid peptides endormorphin , dynorphin andβ-endorphin were proved to inhibit the lipase activity .
		2013 Vol. (11): 676-678 [Abstract] ( 49 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (856 KB) ( 127 )

	679	Main Characteristics and Vtilization of Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Mariculture Fishes
		ZHOU Bangwei,LI Yong,GAO Tingting,LIU Yang,WANG Xiaochen

		2013 Vol. (11): 679-684 [Abstract] ( 98 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (799 KB) ( 444 )

	685	The Progress on Biology and Toxicology of Topmouth Gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva
		CHEN Tao,ZHANG Yu-lan

		2013 Vol. (11): 685-690 [Abstract] ( 50 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (797 KB) ( 268 )