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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2013 Vol. , No. 8 Published: 2013-08-25

Article

	435	Comparative Analysis of Nutrients in Muscles of Pacific White Leg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Cultured in Seawater and Freshwater
		PENG Yongxing,XU Xiang,CHENG Yulong,GUO Zhengqian,JIANG Fei,XU Jiatao,LUO Gang,XU Xinghong,CHENG Hanliang
		The nutrient component was analyzed in muscles of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei cultured in seawater and freshwater by routine methods .The results showed that there were significantly higher contents of crude protein and crude ash in the muscle of the shrimp cultured in seawater than those in the shrimp farmed in freshwater (P <0 .05) .The moisture was significantly higher in the muscle of the shrimp cultured in freshwater than that in the shrimp farmed in seawater (P <0 .05) . A total of 18 amino acids was detected in the muscles of the shrimp ,significantly higher total contents of amino acids ,essential amino acids and tasty amino acids in the muscle of the shrimp cultured in seawater than those in the shrimp cultured in freshwater (P<0 .05) .The content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) was found 68 .48% in the muscle of the shrimp cultured in seawater and 69 .80% in the shrimp cultured in freshwater .The total contents of saturated fatty acidsc(SFA) and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the muscle were significantly higher in the shrimp cultured in seawater than those in the shrimp cultured in freshwater (P <0 .05) ,significantly lower total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA ) than that in the shrimp cultured in seawater (P <0 .01) .Meanwhile ,the total content of n-3 PUFA in muscle of the seawater cultured shrimp was significantly lower than that in the seawater cultured shrimp (P <0 .05) ,indicating that the shrimp in seawater environment have a poor ability to synthesis n-3 PUFA .It can be concluded that Pacific white leg shrimp cultured in seawater has slightly better nutritional value and flavor than one cultured in freshwater does .
		2013 Vol. (8): 435-440 [Abstract] ( 46 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (603 KB) ( 522 )

	441	Comparison and Path Analysis of Important Economic Traits between Genders of Scallop Chlamys f arreri
		WANG Chong
		The shell length (SL) ,shell height (SH) ,shell width (SW) ,hinge length (HL) ,body weight (BW) ,fresh weight (FW) and adductor muscle weight (AMW) were measured and compared in male and female scallop Chlamys f arreri .Multivariates such as correlation analysis ,and path analysis were used to calculate correlation coefficients , path coefficients and determinant coefficient . Regression equation between weight traits and shell traits were established by stepwise regression analysis .The results showed that there were no significant difference between genders in economic important traits ( P> 0 .05 ) . Correlation coefficients between these traits were significant both in male and female populations ( P<0 .01) ,generally higher in females than those in the males .For males ,SL was shown to have the maximal direct effect on BW ,followed by SH .In the females ,SH was shown to have the maximal direct effect while SL gave very slight effect .SH gave the maximal direct effect on FW in female ,followed by SL and SW .For the males ,only SH gave the maximal direct effect .There were different regression equations between weight traits and shell traits between the males and females .
		2013 Vol. (8): 441-446 [Abstract] ( 71 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (637 KB) ( 329 )

	447	Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Clam Mactra veneri f ormis by Response Surface Methodology
		CHEN Chong,ZHENG Jie,YU Di,YUAN Cheng-yu
		In order to improve the utilization of Clam M actra veneri f ormis ,the enzymatic hydrolysis of the soft part by papain was carried out in this study .A three-variable ,three-level central composite design with 16 runs was employed to optimize the hydrolysis parameters on the basis of one-factor-at-a-time experiments .The model established was subjected to analysis of variance to test the significance of various variables and response surface analysis was used to understand their pairwise interactive effects on the hydrolysis .The results showed that the established response surface model was very significant ,and the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis parameters were determined to be temperature 48 ℃ ,pH 7 .2 ,enzyme dose 3000 U/g-1 , ratio of solid material to liquid 3 ∶ 100 (g/mL-1 ) and 3 h . Under these conditions , the hydrolysis was at a rate of up to 37 .05% .This could provide theoretical foundation for the fully use of the clam ,especially for the development of seafood condiments .
		2013 Vol. (8): 447-452 [Abstract] ( 78 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (729 KB) ( 290 )

	453	Effects of Grifola frondosa Polysaccharides on Non-specific Immunity in Nile Tilapia
		GU Huajie,WANG Yan,XI Hong,JIN Jin,QIN Fenju,YUAN Hongxia,CHEN Jiachang
		In this experiment ,the effects of different concentrations of Gri f lola f rondosas polysaccharides (GFP) on the immunocytes and antioxidant enzyme activity were investigated in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus .The tilapia with body weight of 140~150 g were randomly stocked into tanks of 60 cm × 42 cm × 38 cm ,and fed three kinds of feed supplemented with the polysaccharides at a rate of 0 ,0 .05% and 0 .20% with triplication at water temperature of 26~30 ℃ for one month .It was found that the GFP led to increase in the number of erythrocyte and leukocyte ,but had no significant effect on the phagocytic activity of leukocyte .The significant promotive and dose effect of GFP on the activity of peroxidase (POD) were observed in the serum and liver .The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was induced by low concentration of GFP and inhibited by high concentration of GFP .The promotive effect of GFP on the activity of catalase (CAT ) was gradually decreased , indicating that GFP improves the non-specific immunity of tilapia to some extent .
		2013 Vol. (8): 453-458 [Abstract] ( 69 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (699 KB) ( 373 )

	459	Antibacterial Activity of Southern Chinese Herbal Compounds to Pathogenic Vibrios in Shellfish Baby lonia aerolata
		JIA Chun-hong,LI Shu-fang,ZHANG Ji-dong
		The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of southern Chinese herbal compounds on vibriosis in shellfish Babylonia areolata by examination of the total number and colony constitute of bacteria ,activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) ,and electrical conductivity in the shellfish exposed to southern Chinese herbal compounds .The results showed the total number of bacteria and the number of vibrios were found decrease at concentration of 1 .56 mg/mL of southern Chinese herbal compounds .Southern Chinese herbal compounds led to increase in the content of alkaline phosphatase and electrical conductivity . In conclusion , southern Chinese herbal compounds resulted in reduce in total number of bacteria and the number of vibrios due to rupture cell walls , causing an increase in cell membrane permeability and the release of intracellular contents .
		2013 Vol. (8): 459-462 [Abstract] ( 71 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (588 KB) ( 374 )

	463	Adaptability of Aldolase to Salinity and Relationship between the Aldolase and Substance Accumulation in Alga Dunaliella salina
		GUO Jin-yao,YANG Xiao-ling
		Adaptability of aldolase to salinity and relationship between the aldolase and substance accumulation were studied in alga Dunaliella salina .The results showed that the aldolase activity was found to be positive correlation with salinity concentration within the NaCl concentration from 40 g/L to 120 g/L ,but to be negative correlation with NaCl concentration from 120 g/L to 200 g/L .The aldolase showed the maximal activity at NaCl concentration of 120 g/L ,indicating that the aldolase is a kind of enzymes which can adapt well to salinity in Dunaliella salina .The aldolase activity was shown to be positively related to cell density , chlorophyll formation , and accumulation of protein . The maximal substance accumulation was observed at the maximal aldolase activity in Dunaliella salina .
		2013 Vol. (8): 463-466 [Abstract] ( 59 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (627 KB) ( 251 )

	467	Comparison of LDH and MDH Isozymes in Schizothorax p renanti and Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus
		CHAO Shanshan,GONG Jiaqi,DAO Xiaofang,ZHENG Yucai,YANG Feipeng,YANG Falong,LIN Yaqiu
		In this study ,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and malate dehydrogenase(MDH) activities were evaluated in muscle from two cyprinid fish , S . prenanti and grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus inhabiting under different environment .The isozyme patterns of LDH were also determined in heart , hepatopancreas ,gill ,brain and muscle in Schizothorax prenanti and grass carp by SDS-PAGE . The results showed that there were significantly higher activities of MDH and LDH in S .prenanti than those in grass carp(P<0 .05) .Isozyme pattern analysis revealed that expression of LDH was species-and tissue-specific .The grass carp had significantly more rapid migration rate of LDH in all tissues than S .prenanti did .Both fish showed higher LDH content in heart and brain than in other tissues .LDH1 ,LDH2 and LDH3 were found to be prominent in hearts and brains in both fish ,while LDH4 and LDH5 prominent in m uscle .
		2013 Vol. (8): 467-470 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (618 KB) ( 536 )

	471	Growth in Spotted Seals in Captivity
		ZHANG Peijun,YANG Yong,HAN Jiabo,TIAN Jiashen,WANG Limei,LU Zhichuang
		The spotted seals Phoca largha kept in Dalian Sun Asia Tourism Holding Co .,Ltd .were examined to get their body measurements parameters including gender ,age ,body mass and body length , for the purpose of animals’ scientific feeding .Analysis of grow th curve ,body mass-length relationship and male-female growth deviation were then conducted using software SPSS 13 .0 .Data of 30 individuals were got ,including 11 females and 19 males .Results showed that the asymptotic values of the curves describing body length and mass were 167 cm ,170 cm and 171 cm ,and 153 kg ,175 kg and 191 kg ,using logistic , Gompertz and von Bertalanffy model ,respectively .The relationship of body mass-length is derived as m=44 .02L0 .258 (r2 = 0 .908) by regression analysis .Results also showed that the relationship models of body length-age and body mass-length can both describe the grow th curve accurately ,but the model of body mass-agebe poor accurate .No differential growth was found between males and females by age control covariance analysis (body length :P>0 .05 ;body mass :P>0 .05) .
		2013 Vol. (8): 471-474 [Abstract] ( 74 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (611 KB) ( 388 )

	475	Water Exchange Simulation and Application of Conservative Track Prediction Model of Water Quality in Liaodong Bay
		WANG Kun,LENG Chuanhui,WANG Nianbin,WANG Zhaohui,LI Ai,XU Xiaohong
		The conservative track prediction model of water quality was established through vertical averaging of two-dimensional unsteady hydrodynamic model of harmonious coupling ,and simulated the water exchange capacity and profile of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) ,and chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels in Liaodong Bay . The exchange properties of water exchange capacity and convective transport of pollutants in the Liaodong Bay was evaluated based on the calculation of tidal field , half exchange time and concentration field in Liaodong Bay at different time .Finally ,the conservative track prediction model of water quality was applied to forecast fishery pollution accidents in Pulandian Bay in coastal Dalian ,with validity of the model for dealing with the actual issues .
		2013 Vol. (8): 475-481 [Abstract] ( 97 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (953 KB) ( 280 )

	482	Effects of Illumination,Single-eyestalk Ablation and Salinity on Breeding of Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus cl arkii
		SONG Guangtong,DING Fengqin,WU Song,CHEN Jing,WANG Xiang,SHE Lei
		Red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii was induced to spawn and to breeding by three factors (7 patterns) including illumination <100 lx ,single-eyestalk ablation and a salinity of 8 for 60 days .No significant difference was observed in survival rate of the broodstock in the experiment (P>0 .05) .There was no significance difference in spawning time and egg-carrying rate of the broodstock (P>0 .05)in the groups of illumination < 100 lx ,single-eyestalk ablation and the illuminance < 100 lx + single-eyestalk ablation ,significantly higher than that in the other 4 groups and in the control group (P< 0 .05) .The crayfish broodstocks in groups of illumination <100 lx ,the single-eyestalk ablation and illumination <100 lx+single-eyestalk ablation spaw ned 15~18 d earlier than the crayfish broodstocks in the control group did ,with as much egg carrying rate as 2 .5 times ,2 .75-fold and 2-fold in the control group ,respectively .
		2013 Vol. (8): 482-484 [Abstract] ( 70 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (583 KB) ( 397 )

	485	A Review:Effects of Dietary Lipid Levels on Growth and Lipid Metabolism in Fish
		QIN Chuanjie,CHEN Liqiao,LI Erchao,XIE Biwen,YUE Xingjian,WANG Yongming

		2013 Vol. (8): 485-491 [Abstract] ( 55 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (613 KB) ( 981 )

	492	Analysis on States of Liaoning Marine Fishing Industry in central and Southern Yellow Sea
		QIN Yubo,LI Yiping,YU Xuguang,DONG Jing

		2013 Vol. (8): 492-496 [Abstract] ( 55 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (744 KB) ( 211 )