Effects of Light, Sheltering, and Background Color on Distribution andBehavior of Mandarin Fish Siniperca chuatsi
JIANG Chengyu, WANG Dawei, YAO Xiaoli, CHEN Chunlin, CAI Kangning, GAO Jinhua, ZHAO Jinliang
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory ofFreshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai CollaborativeInnovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai OceanUniversity, Shanghai 201306, China
Abstract：To assess the requirements of mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi for lighting, shelter, and background color in a culture pond, mandarin fish with an initial body weight of (6.25±0.59) g were acclimatized in a circular culture tank with a diameter of 150 cm and a height of 100 cm in a recirculating aquaculture systems, at the water temperature of (22.0±0.5) ℃, and dissolved oxygen content of >6.0 mg/L, and fed live crucian carp Carassius auratus every day at 08: 00. After 7 d of culture acclimatization, mandarin fish were placed under conditions of different light intensities (natural sunlight), surface shelter (approximately 50% of the water surface covered with semicircular, light blue, and opaque extruded polystyrene boards), underwater shelters (with 20 PVC tubes—10 cm long and 11 cm in diameter in a triangular pattern at the bottom), and background colors at the bottom (white, grey, light blue, dark blue, and black), and DJI Action 4 and Submarine Sturgeon CF1 were used to observe and photograph the horizontal and vertical distributions and behavioral characteristics of the mandarin fish in the cultured round ponds. The results showed that the maximal fish area was located on the lower layer of the shaded side during the day, with 82.67%—96.00% of individuals distributed in this area, and 85.34%—99.33% of individuals distributed in the lower layer of the water body, with aggregation behavior. At night, however, there was no dominant fish area or aggregation behavior. The maximal fish area was located in the upper layer of the surface shelter area during the day, with 89.33%—97.33% of individuals distributed below the surface shelter, 39.33%—62.00% distributed in the upper layer, and 3.33%—14.67% distributed in the middle layer of the water body, exhibiting aggregation behavior. At night, 62.00%—92.00% of individuals were distributed below the surface shelter, 38.00%—66.00% distributed in the upper layer, and 22.67%—34.00% distributed in the middle layer of the water body, without aggregation behavior. During the day, half of the individuals were distributed in the underwater shelter area, with 90.00%—94.00% of individuals distributed in the lower layer of the water body. During the day, mandarin fish exhibited significant differences (P<0.05) in their selection of dark and light background colors, with a preference for black and dark blue background areas, mainly distributed in the lower layer of the water body. At night, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in their preference for background colors. Mandarin fish prefer low-light environments, shelter areas, and dark background areas. The findings provide basic information with the personalized design of industrial aquaculture equipment for mandarin fish and for healthy aquaculture.
蒋成宇, 王大伟, 姚晓丽, 陈春林, 蔡康宁, 高锦华, 赵金良. 光照、躲蔽物、背景色对鳜分布与行为的影响[J]. 水产科学, 2026, 45(3): 427-435.
JIANG Chengyu, WANG Dawei, YAO Xiaoli, CHEN Chunlin, CAI Kangning, GAO Jinhua, ZHAO Jinliang. Effects of Light, Sheltering, and Background Color on Distribution andBehavior of Mandarin Fish Siniperca chuatsi. Fisheries Science, 2026, 45(3): 427-435.
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2026, Vol. 45 
