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| Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Composition and Heavy Metals Levels in Liver of Bluefin Leatherjack Thamnaconus septentrionalis |
| ZHANG Ziyang1,2, CHENG Yongxu1, KE Ling3, BIAN Li2, LI Fenghui2, CHANG Qing2, PAN Luying2, ZHU Jinchao2, WU Dan2, CHEN Siqing2 |
1. College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
3. Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China |
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Abstract In order to rationally develop and utilize the nutritional value of liver, the nutritional content and several heavy metal contents in the liver of bluefin leatherjack Thamnaconus septentrionalis were analyzed by high-performance gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results showed that the liver of bluefin leatherjack contained moisture of 55.12%, crude protein of 5.09%, crude fat of 39.37%, and ash of 0.42%, with a total amino acid content of 3.748 g/100 g. There were essential amino acids of 43.22%, non-essential amino acids of 56.78%. The ratio of essential to non-essential amino acids was shown to be 0.76, meeting the criteria for high-quality protein according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization standards. The flavor amino acid content of 44.02% was detected in the liver, with the maxial glutamic acid content among the amino acids, followed by aspartic acid. The essential amino acid score was high, with phenylalanine and isoleucine being the first and second limiting amino acids, respectively, indicating a reasonable amino acid composition. Twenty-eight fatty acids were detected, with a total content of 36.81 g/100 g, saturated fatty acids accounting for 29.570%, monounsaturated fatty acids accounting for 35.970%, and polyunsaturated fatty acids accounting for 34.460%. There was as high as 12.760% of content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 17.990% of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The liver also contained vitamin A, D, and E, with respective contents of 434.03 mg/kg, 1.76 mg/kg, and 23.32 mg/kg. The levels of heavy metals, including lead, mercury, chromium, and cadmium, met the national food safety standards. In conclusion, the liver of bluefin leatherjack is a high-quality source of fish oil and nutritious and delicious fishery product.
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Received: 13 March 2023
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