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| Genetic Diversity Assessment of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella in Four Culture Areas Based on Mitochondrial and Microsatellite Markers |
| ZHU Yanran1,2, CHANG Yumei2, HUANG Jing2, LU Cuiyun2, SHEN Yubang1, SONG Hongmei3, HU Guo1,2 |
1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China;
3. Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China |
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Abstract In order to provide reference information for selective breeding programs in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, genetic diversity was comprehensively evaluated in four farmed populations of grass carp sampled from Guangzhou in Guangdong province, Suzhou, Jiangsu province, Meihekou in Jilin province, and Zhaodong, Heilongjiang province and one wild grass carp population from Fuyuan River section of Heilongjiang River using 30 microsatellite molecular markers and mitochondrial Cytb (cytochrome b) genes. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the genetic diversity indices including mean number of alleles(Na), effective number of alleles(Ne), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and polymorphism information content (PIC) among the five populations (P>0.05), with statistically significant divergence in pairwise genetic differentiation (Fst)across all population pairs (P<0.05), especially, the Fst values of over 0.05 between the wild Fuyuan population and each of the four cultured populations. Only the pair Meihekou and Zhaodong exhibited a genetic differentiation coefficient exceeding this threshold among the cultured populations. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests revealed that there was the minimal deviation in the wild Fuyuan population, with only six loci showing disequilibrium, and deviated from 9 to 13 loci in the four farmed populations. Structure analysis showed that the populations were clustered into three distinct genetic clusters: the Suzhou-Pearl River-Zhaodong cluster, the Meihekou cluster, and the Fuyuan cluster. Mitochondrial Cytb sequence analyses identified extensive haplotype sharing between the cultured populations and the Fuyuan wild population, suggesting potential overlap in their genetic backgrounds. Overall, all five populations had high levels of genetic diversity, indicating sufficient genetic resources for selective breeding. However, the reduced genetic variation among the farmed populations may limit future breeding potential due to increase in genetic similarity.
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Received: 06 March 2025
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