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  • 月刊，1984年创刊
    主 管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
    主 办：包头医学院
    主 编：赵云山
    特邀主编：高长青
    编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
    国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
    国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
    邮发代号：16-292
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2026 Vol. 45, No. 1
Published: 2026-01-25
Research and Application
Overview and Specific Topic
 
       Research and Application
1 Heavy Metal Concentrations and Relationship between the Heavy Metal Concentrations and Environmental Factors in the Seawater of Dagong Island Area
CAO Zhihai, LI Zhixiang, WANG Youyan, LU Feng, SUI Qi, CUI Zhengguo, QU Keming, ZHAO Jun, ZHANG Xuzhi
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25116
In order to investigate the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in a typical coastal environment and their correlation with environmental factors, temperature, salinity, pH, and concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), nutrients, and heavy metals including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) were measured in surface (0.2 m below sea level) and bottom (1.5 m from the seabed) seawater samples at six sites in the Dagong Island area near the coast of the northern Yellow Sea in China during four surveys in May (spring), and October (autumn) in 2023, and May (spring), and August (summer) in 2024. Results showed that there were significant seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, pH, and DO concentration in both surface and bottom waters, with notable fluctuations in concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As across seasons and water layers, and with consistent decreasing trend of Cu and Zn concentrations, and oscillatory variations of concentrations of Pb, Cd, and As, and relatively stable concentration of Hg. The peaks of most heavy metal concentrations were observed in spring and the minimal levels in summer, with higher concentrations in surface water than those in bottom waters. However, all heavy metal values were shown to be below the Class Ⅰ seawater quality standards. Pearson and Mantel tests revealed that salinity significantly influenced the heavy metal pollution index, while temperature and pH exhibited to some extent correlation with different heavy metals. The dynamic variations in heavy metal concentrations in the seawater of Dagong Island area and their associations with key environmental factors including salinity, DO, and eutrophication indices were elucidated in this study. These findings provide fundamental data for assessing the marine fishery environment and its trends in the North Yellow Sea coastal region.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 1-13 [Abstract] ( 57 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 9 )
14 Quantitative Traits and Reproductive Cycle of Snail Strombus luhuanus
LU Wanting, CEN Xitong, YU Zonghe, HE Maoxian, LIU Wenguang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25105
In order to probe the reproductive habits of the high-economic value snail Strombus luhuanus, gonadal development was systematically observed in 30—50 samples [body weight (34.57±1.33) g] collected monthly in the Xisha waters of Hainan Province throughout the year from December 2023 to November 2024, and the influence mechanism of morphological traits on quality traits was analyzed by correlation analysis, path analysis, and multiple regression. Additionally, gonadal development was histologically observed in 20 samples monthly collected from April to June 2024. The reproductive cycle was found to be divided into five key stages: the proliferation stage, growth stage, maturation stage, spawning stage, and resting stage, with the basically synchronous development in both male and female individuals, gradually increase in oocyte diameter with the maturation of the gonad and the maximum before spawning. The trait observation showed that there were highly significant correlations between multiple morphological traits and quality traits of S. luhuanus, in which shell width and body whorl height were the core morphological indicators determining body weight and soft tissue weight. It is recommended to select individuals with large shell width, high body whorl height, and great body weight as breeding parents in April to June. The findings deepen the understanding of the reproductive biological characteristics of S. luhuanus and provide a scientific basis with the development of artificial breeding techniques and the protection of germplasm resources.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 14-24 [Abstract] ( 37 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 11 )
25 Genetic Diversity Assessment of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella in Four Culture Areas Based on Mitochondrial and Microsatellite Markers
ZHU Yanran, CHANG Yumei, HUANG Jing, LU Cuiyun, SHEN Yubang, SONG Hongmei, HU Guo
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25055
In order to provide reference information for selective breeding programs in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, genetic diversity was comprehensively evaluated in four farmed populations of grass carp sampled from Guangzhou in Guangdong province, Suzhou, Jiangsu province, Meihekou in Jilin province, and Zhaodong, Heilongjiang province and one wild grass carp population from Fuyuan River section of Heilongjiang River using 30 microsatellite molecular markers and mitochondrial Cytb (cytochrome b) genes. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the genetic diversity indices including mean number of alleles(Na), effective number of alleles(Ne), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and polymorphism information content (PIC) among the five populations (P>0.05), with statistically significant divergence in pairwise genetic differentiation (Fst)across all population pairs (P<0.05), especially, the Fst values of over 0.05 between the wild Fuyuan population and each of the four cultured populations. Only the pair Meihekou and Zhaodong exhibited a genetic differentiation coefficient exceeding this threshold among the cultured populations. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests revealed that there was the minimal deviation in the wild Fuyuan population, with only six loci showing disequilibrium, and deviated from 9 to 13 loci in the four farmed populations. Structure analysis showed that the populations were clustered into three distinct genetic clusters: the Suzhou-Pearl River-Zhaodong cluster, the Meihekou cluster, and the Fuyuan cluster. Mitochondrial Cytb sequence analyses identified extensive haplotype sharing between the cultured populations and the Fuyuan wild population, suggesting potential overlap in their genetic backgrounds. Overall, all five populations had high levels of genetic diversity, indicating sufficient genetic resources for selective breeding. However, the reduced genetic variation among the farmed populations may limit future breeding potential due to increase in genetic similarity.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 25-35 [Abstract] ( 34 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 9 )
36 DIA Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Muscles in Anadromous and Landlocked Forms of Masu Salmon
JIAO Siqi, YIN Zhuang, LI Min, HAO Yongkun, KONG Yidi, QU Guijuan, FANG Qiongya, WANG Guiqin
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25074
In order to explore the adaptation mechanisms of two ecological types of masu salmon Oncorh ynchus masou, the muscle proteomes of anadromous (age 4, sexually mature females) and landlocked (age 2, sexually mature females) forms of masu salmon were comparcd by DIA based quatitative proteomics. A total of 737 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified (FC > 2, P < 0.05), including 324 upregulated and 413 downregulated proteins. GO function annotations revealed that DEPs were significantly associated with energy metabolism, lipid transport, fatty acid binding, oxidative stress regulation, and protein synthesis. In the anadromous type, proteins related to energy metabolism, oxidative stress defense, and protein biosynthesis were upregulated, suggesting enhanced energy supply, antioxidant capacity, and translational activity. Conversely, proteins involved in lipid transport and fatty acid binding were downregulated, indicating metabolic shift favoring lipid utilization in the landlocked type. KEGG pathway enrichment (starch and sucrose metabolism, purine metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, glutathione metabolism) further highlighted the anadromous fish′s reliance on carbohydrate-based rapid energy production. Key protein changes, such as fatty acid-binding proteins, glutathione peroxidases, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation components, reflect distinct genetic-metabolic regulation, antioxidant defense, and energy efficiency strategies. In summary, the anadromous ecotype exhibits muscle adaptations supporting high energy demands and environmental stress during long-distance migration and reproduction, while the landlocked ecotype demonstrates lipid metabolic adaptations to cold freshwater habitats.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 36-44 [Abstract] ( 32 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 11 )
45 Analysis of Influence of Morphological Traits on Weight Traits among Different Geographical Populations of Ark Shell Scapharca subcrenata
WANG Chenghao, HUANG Gengyin, LI Li, FANG Xiao, ZHANG Chao, GUO Yongjun, CHEN Limei
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25103
In order to investigate the influence of morphological traits on weight-related traits in ark shell Scapharca subcrenata in distinct geographical populations, the relationships between 12 morphological traits (including shell length, shell height, and shell width) and both live body weight and soft part weight were determined and analyzed in the samples collected from Qingdao, Shandong province, Tangshan, Hebei province and Taizhou, Zhejiang province by correlation analysis, path analysis, and coefficient of determination analysis. The results showed that shell width was the most critical morphological indicator influencing live weight, with direct path coefficients of 0.587 for Qingdao population, 0.366 for Tangshan population, and 0.464 for Taizhou population. Significant differences were observed in both morphological and weight traits among the three geographical populations (P<0.05). There was significantly higher shell width-to-shell length ratio in the northern populations (Tangshan and Qingdao) compared to the southern Taizhou population (0.68 and 0.70 vs. 0.64), indicating a close relationship between shell morphology and ecological adaptability. Northern populations had a more convex shell shape, whereas southern populations displayed a flatter appearance. The r2values of the multiple regression equations between live weight and morphological traits were found to be varied from 0.718 to 0.888, with the maximal value in the Qingdao population. Shell width and shell length were identified as the primary influencing factors. In contrast, the r2 values for soft part weight were ranged from 0.492 to 0.702, relatively lower and may be associated with unmeasured factors such as gonadal development. The findings provide valuable insights for the assessment of ark shell germplasm resources and the development of breeding strategies.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 45-54 [Abstract] ( 31 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 16 )
55 Screening of High-Quality Brooders of White Bream Parabramis pekinensis Based on Microsatellite Markers
LIU Yuting, YAN Chunmei, JIN Xiangqin, CHEN Weiqiang, LIU Peng, LANG Yukui, ZHANG Ying, XU Ning
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25058
To screen microsatellite molecular markers related to the growth and stress resistance of white bream Parabramis pekinensis for the selection of superior broodstock, the association between stress resistance and growth was analyzed in 140 individuals of white bream with average body weight of 8.07 g collected from Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Jiangsu provinces by 12 pairs of microsatellite primers. The results showed that a total of 92 alleles was detected in the survival group (Group L), with an average number of alleles (Na) of 7.666 7, an average effective number of alleles (Ne) of 3.615 1, an average observed heterozygosity (No) of 0.537 5, an average expected heterozygosity (Ne) of 0.589 8, and an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.552 7. A total of 103 alleles was observed in the weak group (Group D), with an average number of alleles (Na) of 8.583 3, an average effective number of alleles (Ne) of 4.086 7, an average observed heterozygosity (No) of 0.502 5, an average expected heterozygosity (Ne) of 0.589 7, and an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.546 4. Ten alleles were identified as potential dominant genes for transportation stress resistance, namely CCB5F216, CCB6F336, CCB10F270, CCB10F276, CCB10F280, CCB11F178, CCB11F200, CCB15F352, and CCB2F348, CCB3F314 among the 12 pairs of microsatellite primers. Three genotypes were found to be positively correlated with superior growth traits: the 298/298 genotype and the 298/310 genotype in CCB3F, as well as the 270/270 genotype in CCB10F. Six broodstock individuals were successfully identified, with strong stress resistance and excellent growth traits, by combining the effects of dominant microsatellite marker genotypes and stress resistance testing
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 55-64 [Abstract] ( 34 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 8 )
65 Analysis of Prey Composition of Japanese Flying Squid Todarodes pacificus in the Central and Southern Yellow Sea
XU Xin, DU Chengshuo, JIANG Liming, XU Hanzhi, REN Xiaoqiang, LOU Fangrui, WANG Wenhao
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25111
In order to investigate the diet composition of Japanese flying squid Todarodes pacificus in the Central and Southern Yellow Sea in summer,feeding characteristics and prey composition were analyzed in the Japanese flying squid sampled during the fisheries survey from 30 stations from July to August in 2022. Biological parameters measured in 251 specimens, and DNA analysis of stomach contents in 20 samples showed that the mantle length was ranged from 121 mm to 256 mm (mean: 182.51 mm), and body weight varied from 43 g to 408 g (mean: 153.84 g). The empty stomach rate was found to be 4.78%, with feeding intensity predominantly at levels 1—2; no empty stomachs were observed in individuals with a dorsal mantle length over 200 mm. Significant differences in feeding intensity were observed among mantle length cohorts and body weight groups (P<0.05), without significant effect on sexual maturity individuals (P<0.05). Notably, feeding indices exhibited a progressive rise with increase in both mantle length and body weight. Sequencing analysis showed that 11 prey species were identified by 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA primers, with Chordata as the dominant phylum. 100% of frequency in Engraulis japonicas, and 95% of frequency and the maximal relative sequence abundance in Enedrias fangi. The occurrence frequency of Takifugu was shown to be over 75%, with only 1.05% of relative sequence abundance. Cluster analysis revealed E. fangi as the dominant prey, with E. japonicus, S. niphonius and Nemopilema nomurai forming secondary food sources. High dietary similarity was observed among samples #1—#8, #11—#12 and #15—#17. Systematic analysis of prey composition in Japanese flying squid facilitates in-depth exploration of the intrinsic linkages between feeding behavior and key life history traits, including somatic growth, migratory patterns, and reproductive strategies. The findings provide crucial data for constructing ecological history models of Japanese flying squid and establishment of a theoretical foundation for the sustainable exploitation of fishery resources.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 65-74 [Abstract] ( 26 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 11 )
75 Effects of Three Aerobic Denitrifying Bacteria on Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota of Zebrafish
ZHENG Yazhi, LU Huijie, XU Jingxuan, LIU Fengkun, RUAN Zhuohao, YIN Peng, GUO Qiang, MA Yanping, DAI Ruizhi, LIAO Jinsong, DAI Jieyu, GUO Hui, HUANG Wen
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24201
In the experiment the effects of three aerobic denitrifying bacteria, Klebsiella oxytoca DZ9, K. oxytoca WM27, and Serratia marcescens DZ16, on the intestinal morphology and microbial community of zebrafish Danio rerio were systematically evaluated through histopathological analysis and high-throughput sequencing technology, aiming to provide safe and efficient candidate strains for aquaculture water quality modulation and wastewater treatment. A total of 360 zebrafish were randomly divided into four groups, (control and three treatment groups with triplicate biological replicates), receiving bacterial suspensions regular of 106 cfu/mL) for 30 days. The results indicated that: no significant differences in survival rates were observed between treatment and control groups, with maintained intestinal structural integrity characterized by well-arranged villus and absence of pathological lesions, indicating good biosafety. Significant improvement in several intestinal development parameters were detected, including increased villus height and goblet cell density across treatment groups (P<0.05), with K. oxytoca WM27 group′s thickening of muscular layer (P<0.05). Microbial community analysis revealed significant reduction in potentially pathogens, such as Aeromonas and Plesiomonas, concurrent with increased beneficial microbial taxa including Bradyrhizobium, Hyphomicrobium, Cetobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Reyranella (P<0.05). This microbial modulation potentially enhances intestinal barrier integrity and reduces inflammation risks through competitive colonization mechanisms. The results demonstrate that specific aerobic denitrifying strains can effectively improve intestinal morphology and microbiota composition of zebrafish, providing theoretical basis for developing microbial agents in sustainable aquaculture practices.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 75-85 [Abstract] ( 26 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 7 )
86 Transcriptomic Analysis of Gill Immune Responses to Ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Infection in Goldfish Carassius auratus
GUO Rui, YANG Xiaoqiang, WANG Wei, CAI Leiming, MA Hongmei, LIU Nianfeng, LU Xuejiao, WU Linye, HUANG Siwei, PAN Guocheng
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25097
In order to understand host defense mechanisms to parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), immune-related genetic responses were elucidated in goldfish Carassius auratus infected with the ciliate through comparative transcriptomics, focusing on genes and pathways, and provide insights for the prevention and control of ichthyophthiriasis. Experimental infections were induced using theronts from naturally infected hosts, with gill tissues sampled at 7 days post infection (dpi) by Illumina high-throughput sequencing and data analysis. The expression of 10 randomly immune- related genes for RNA-seq data validation was quantified by qRT-PCR. The results showed that 5178 novel transcripts and 3467 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected by analysis of 38.8 Gb clean data, including 1528 up-regulated, and 1939 down-regulated. After COG annotation, GO analysis, and KEGG analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in many processes or signaling pathways, including signal transduction mechanisms, defense mechanisms, biological regulation, immune system processes, ferroptosis, cytokine and receptor interactions, p53 signaling pathways, and phagosomes. Most of the genes were related to parasite resistance response, such as cytokines, apoptosis-related molecules and ferroptosis, with 14significantly up-regulated ferroptosis-related molecules. The qRT-PCR results of selected immune-related genes, including ccl8, inos, hif1a, il-8, and trail, showed congruent expression patterns with those of RNA-seq data, indicating that the RNA-seq data were accurate and reliable. The findings supplement the new transcripts annotation information for goldfish genome, enrich the information on molecules related to goldfish anti-parasitic responses, enhance the understanding of goldfish immunity and defense mechanisms at the transcriptomic level, and provide references for the immunopreventive application research of fish against the ichthyophthiriasis.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 86-101 [Abstract] ( 28 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 3 )
102 Toxic Effects of Antioxidants and Sulfonamide Antibiotics on Green Alga Chlorella vulgaris
TAN Hui, TAN Hailing, HU Haopeng, HE Juntao, LIAO Yongling, YANG Jun, ZHANG Hui, CHAI Yi, TAN Fengxia
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24215
In order to explore the single and combined toxic effects and mechanisms of antioxidants(6PPD) and antibiotics sulfamethoxazole and sulfadiazine in aquatic environment, green alga Chlorella vulgaris was expanded in BG11 medium in a light incubator, and exposed to different concentrations of 6PPD (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mg/L), sulfamethoxazole (0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, and 25.0 mg/L), sulfadiazine (0, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0 mg/L) (single treatment group) and 6PPD + sulfamethoxazole and 6PPD + sulfadiazine (combined treatment group) (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.5 T) for 96 h, and algal density and other indicators were analyzed. The results showed that the 96-hour median-lethal concentration to C. vulgaris was 2.31 mg/L for 6PPD, 23.95 mg/L for sulfamethoxazole, and 13.88 mg/L for sulfadiazine in single exposure systems, and 1.131 T for the combined exposure groups (6PPD 1.155 mg/L + sulfamethoxazole 11.975 mg/L) and 1.229 T for (6PPD + sulfadiazine 6.940 mg/L), with partial additive effect. There were significant decrease in chlorophyll, total protein, and intracellular polysaccharide contents of algal cells in all treatment groups, indicating impaired photosynthesis. The contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were showed to be increased significantly, indicating severe oxidative damage. The total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity were found to be also increased due to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species, indicating that the dynamic balance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the scavenging by the antioxidant system was disrupted, resulting in toxic effects. Transmission electron microscopy observations revealed disorders in thylakoid structure, dissolution of organelles, and vacuolation, with the damage in combined exposure groups being significantly more severe than that in single exposure groups. The finding indicates that 6PPD, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfadiazine can exert significant toxicity on algae by interfering with photosynthesis and inducing oxidative damage, and the binary composite systems exhibit partial additive effects.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 102-114 [Abstract] ( 23 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 10 )
115 Effects of Crh on Redox Homeostasis of Zebrafish Danio rerio Embryos
WU Chunan, LYU Weiqun, CHEN Aqin
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24185
In order to investigate the effect of corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh) on redox homeostasis in fish embryos, 1-day-old embryos of AB wild-type zebrafish Danio rerio were treated with 0.05% DMSO (control, CTL), 20 nmol/L Crhα and 20 nmol/L Crhβ at (28±1) ℃. The changes in reactive oxygen species and glutathione (GSH) contents were measured in zebrafish embryos, and the changes in the expression of Crh receptors (crhr1, crhr2) and antioxidant-related genes were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) at 2, 3, 4 and 5 days of age, respectively. The results showed that there was significant decrease in hatching rate of zebrafish embryos exposed to both Crhα and Crhβ at 54—78 hpf (hour post-fertilization) (P<0.05), with significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in the zebrafish embryos exposed to Crhα at 3—5 dpf (days post-fertilization). The qRT-PCR analysis results revealed that Crhα and Crhβ significantly inhibited the GSH synthesis and the ggt1b expression(P<0.05), and the crhr1 mRNA level showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with embryonic development. The findings provide new insights into the regulatory role of Crh in redox homeostasis and have certain reference significance for exploring the physiological responses of teleost fish to stress.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 115-122 [Abstract] ( 23 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 6 )
123 Genetic Parameters Estimation for Main Growth Traits of Snakehead Channa argus
HE Fei, ZHANG Kang, ZHU Shuren, ZHANG Zhishan, ZHANG Longgang, AN Li, DONG Xuesa, LIU Hongcai, MU Changjun, ZHU Yong′an, MENG Qinglei
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25042
To estimate the genetic parameters of the main growth traits in snakehead Channa argus, 32 mature male with body weight of males >1500 g, and female with body weight >1000 g were selected from the 2-year-old broodstocks kept by the research group, respectively, and were paired at a male-to-female ratio of 1∶1 to natural spawning and hatching, with a total of 26 full-sib families successfully established. Each family was cultured in net cages with the same size in the same pond from the 15th day after hatching to 6-month-old, and then PIT electronic tags were injected, and evenly stocked into 2 ponds for mixed culture. At 24-month-old, body weight was measured and phenotypic traits were assessed, and the heritability of the body weight of 6-month-old snakeheads was estimated using an individual animal model. The heritability, genetic correlation, and phenotypic correlation of the total length, body width, and body weight were also estimated in 24-month-old snakeheads. The results showed that the maximal coefficient of variation of body weight was observed, with 23.90% of coefficients of variation of body weight at 6 months and 43.27% at 24 months, without significant different in the heritability of body weight in 6-month-old snakeheads (P＞0.05), the 0.13±0.04 of heritabilities in total length, 0.22±0.06 in body width, and 0.22±0.06 in body weight in 24-month-old snakehead (P＜0.01). The genetic and phenotypic correlations between any two traits were shown to be highly positive, particularly, all greater than 0.99 in the genetic correlations(P＜0.05). The 24-month-old snakehead had the maximal genetic coefficient of variation (13.22%) in body weight. The maximum relative genetic progress (14.01%) was observed in 24-month-old snakehead using body eight as the selection index at selection rate of 10%, without significant difference in heritability of body weight in 6-month-old snakehead, probably due to environmental differences during the individual rearing period before mixed-family rearing. In the early stage of farming, environmental regulation was the main approach to promote uniform growth. The heritabilities of total length, body width, and body weight in 24-month-old snakehead were ranged from low to moderate. Considering the genetic progress and the high positive correlations among traits, body weight was the primary selection index in the breeding process of snakehead when the growth rate was the target trait. The findings provide fundamental data and technical support for the subsequent breeding of high-quality snakehead varieties.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 123-131 [Abstract] ( 31 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 11 )
132 Effects of Stocking Density on Growth, Physiology and Water Quality of Venus Clam Cyclina sinensis and Hard-Shell Clam Mercenaria mercenaria
GE Hongxing, XIE Yong, GUO Luoyu, DONG Zhiguo
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25053
To determine the optimal stocking density for venus clam Cyclina sinensis and hard-shell clam Mercenaria mercenaria, venus clam with body weight of (8.19±0.25) g and hard-shell clam with body weight of (6.75±0.14) g were reared in a 1 m3 canvas tank of a recirculating water system with 1∶1 mixed sediment at the bottom at stocking densities of 200, 300, 400 and 500 ind./m2 and 500, 600, 700 and 800 ind./m2, respectively, at water temperature of (22±3) °C for 60 days. The results showed that there were a downward trend in both the growth rate and survival rate of venus clam with increase in stocking density, with significantly higher survival rate in 200 ind./m2 group than that in 400 ind./m2 and 500 ind./m2 groups (P<0.05), and without significant difference compared with those in 300 ind./m2 group (P>0.05). The body weight and specific growth rate (SGR) were found to be significantly higher in venus clam in 200 ind./m2 group than those in 400 ind./m2 and 500 ind./m2 groups (P<0.05), and significantly higher in 300 ind./m2 group than those in 500 ind./m2 group (P<0.05). Hard-shell clam had decrease in all growth indices with increasing density, without significant differences in SGR among density groups (P>0.05). However, the survival rate was shown to be decreased in hard-shell clam with increasing density, without significant differences in survival among groups (P>0.05). Throughout the culture period, key water quality parameters including ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen contents were remained within suitable ranges. The activities of pancreatic proteases and amylases were found to be gradually decreased in venus clam as stocking density increased, with significantly higher protease and amylase activities in 200 ind./m2 group than those in 400 ind./m2 and 500 ind./m2 groups (P<0.05). No significant differences in digestive enzyme activities were observed among hard-shell clam treatment groups (P>0.05), with the minimal protease and amylase activities in 700 ind./m2 group and the maximal in 500 ind./m2 group. Lipase activity was shown to be decreased in hard-shell clam with increasing density. Collectively, these results indicate that under short-term recirculating water culture conditions, stocking density of 300 ind./m2 for C. sinensis and 800 ind./m2 for M. mercenaria did not led to significant adverse effects on their growth performance, main digestive enzyme activities, and water quality.
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 132-140 [Abstract] ( 28 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 6 )
141 Allometric Growth Pattern in Larval and Juvenile Hemibagrus macropterus
FENG Mengjia, FENG Shuangyuan, ZENG Linhui, LI Sendong, BAN Wenzhuo, FENG Ke, XU Hongyan
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25056
In order to explore the growth characteristics and allometric growth of Hemibagrus macropterus at larval and juvenile stages, the 0—29 days post hatching(dph) larvae and juveniles were reared in a plastic tank of 50 cm×40 cm×60 cm at average water temperature of 27 ℃, the growth process was observed using stereo microscope, and total length (TL) of H. macropterus were measured from hatching to 29 dph. The growth of total length and maxillary whisker length, head length, eye orbital, eye distance, caudal fin length and pelvic fin length were measured, and their regression analysis with the total length was conducted. The results showed that the increase of the total length in line with cubic function was divided into three phases: larva stage from 0 to 10 dph, early juvenile stage from 11 to 21 dph, and late juvenile stage from 22—29 dph. The growth rate showed significant difference at each stage (P<0.05), with the inflection point at 7 dph [TL:(16.387±0.643) mm] for maxillary whisker length, head length and eye distance. The inflection point was found at 10 dph [TL: (17.452±0.586) mm] for caudal fin length, at 11 dph [TL: (17.822±0.387) mm] for eye orbital and ventral fin length. Allometric growth was observed in all organs measured during early development stages, including maxillary whisker length (allometric growth index of 6.148), head length (1.799), eye orbital (2.223), eye distance (3.653), caudal fin length (4.543) and ventral fin length (4.135). The maxillary whisker length was still found to be positive allometric growth after the inflection point, with the significant decrease in allometric growth index (1.363) (P<0.05). The eye orbital and ventral fin length were shown to be isomeric allometric growth after the inflection point, with allometric growth indices of 1.050 and 0.978, respectively. Head length, eye distance and caudal fin length had negative allometric growth after the inflection point, with the allometric growth indices of 0.937, 0.740 and 0.895, respectively. The findings provided theoretical basis and practical guidance for larva and juvenile rearing in H. macropterus
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 141-147 [Abstract] ( 33 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 7 )
       Overview and Specific Topic
148 Effects of Abiotic Factors on Health of Farmed Shrimps and Crabs: Research Progress
WANG Panpan, YANG Ting, CHEN Huanyu, HU Qingyuan, LI Wenjia, YU Wentao,    LIU Wei, ZHU Jin, XING Chaofan, GAO Huan, YAN Binlun
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25109
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 148-162 [Abstract] ( 39 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 23 )
163 A Review:Research Progress on Impacts of Starvation Stress on Fish
WU Chen, MA Lin, WANG Xuehui, LI Jingjing, CAI Yan, HAO Shuang, BAI Xiaohui
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.25016
2026 Vol. 45 (1): 163-172 [Abstract] ( 44 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 16 )
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