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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2010 Vol. 29, No. 1 Published: 2010-01-25

Article

	1	The Stress Effects of Temperature Fluctuation on Immune Factors in Crab Scylla serrata
		DING Xiao-feng,YANG Yu-jiao,JIN Shan,WANG Guo-liang
		The stress effects of temperature fluctuation on immune factors were studied in crab Scylla serrata. It was found that temperature changes have significant effect on the immune capacity of the cultured crab. There was the peak total hematocyte count(THC)at 20 ℃, and then gradual decline at higher or lower than 20 ℃, the minimum at 10 ℃ or 30 ℃. There was no significant difference in haemocyte phagocytosis percentage(PP)at all temperature, but the haemocyte phagocytosis index(PI)was very significant higher from 25 ℃ to 27 ℃ than at other temperture. Both lysozyme(LZM)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)showed the maximal activities at 25 ℃, and declined as the temperature rose or decreased. The acid phosphatase(ACP), however, had the maximal activity at 20 ℃, and declined as the temperature increased or decreased. There were no significant differences in superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)(except for 30 ℃). The maximal phenol oxidase(PO)activity was observed at 30 ℃ and 27 ℃, while the PO activity showed no significant difference in other experimental groups. It can be inferred from the results that all the immunity factors in the crab had good performance when the temperature is varied from 20 ℃ to 25 ℃, and thus the crab has high capacity of disease resistance at this temperature.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 1-6 [Abstract] ( 50 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (394 KB) ( 325 )

	7	Comparison of Nutritive Compositions among Clams Gomphina aequilatera, Cultellus scalprum and Tegillarca nodifera found in Wenzhou Coast, Zhejiang Province
		ZHANG Yong-pu,ZHANG Jiong-ming,FANG Jun,ZHOU Hua-bin
		The nutritional compositions of the edible parts in clams Gomphina aequilatera, Cultellus scalprum and Tegillarca nodifera in Wenzhou coast in Zhejiang province were analyzed by routine methods. There were crude proteins of 58.11%, 71.02% and 59.17% in the edible parts of G. aequilatera, C. scalprum and T. nodifera, and crude fat of 14.98 %, 14.35% and 10.62%, respectively. The contents of ash were 10.85%, 9.05% and 11.03%, respectively. The total content of amino acids in the dry sample of the edible part was 459.27 mg/g, 565.20 mg/g and 509.83 mg/g, respectively, including the essential amino acid contents of 157.33 mg/g, 197.03 mg/g and 181.57 mg/g, respectively. The flavour amino acids in the dry sample of the edible part were 241.40 mg/g, 288.40 mg/g and 258.60 mg/g, respectively, Met + Cys being the first limited amino acid. There were 22, 23 and 21 fatty acids in the edible part of G. aequilatera, C. scalprum and T. nodifera, respectively. There was no C14:1 in G. aequilatera and T. nodifera. There was no C14:3 in T. nodifera. The contents of total saturated fatty acids(SFA)were 36.01%, 28.85% and 30.87% respectively, the contents of total unsaturated fatty acids(UFA)of 63.97%, 71.25% and 69.14% respectively, the mono-unsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)of 23.18%, 27.61% and 26.20% respectively, and the poly-unsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)of 40.79%, 43.64% and 42.94%, respectively.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 7-10 [Abstract] ( 77 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (292 KB) ( 421 )

	11	Characteristics in Lysis and Application of Three Strains of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
		GUO Hong-xin,JIA Peng-hui,WANG Xing-hua,LI Guang
		The characteristics in lysis and application of three bacterial strains, Blb-1, Blb-2(to break Harveyi vibrio), and Blb-3, of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus isolated from sea water were studied under different conditions. It was found that the euryhaline strains grew in the salinity from 0 to 30 and had increase in the lysis of the host inactivated, and delayed formation of plaque, bigger than the others. There were strong lytic capacities of Aeromonas and Vibrio and weak lytic activities of Bacillus toyoi, and Lactobacillus. The application showed that B. bacteriovorus eliminated H. vibrio in water. Our results provided the theoretical basis for the use of B. bacteriovorus as probiotics in aquaculture.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 11-14 [Abstract] ( 55 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (252 KB) ( 444 )

	15	Pharmacokinetics of Trimethoprim in Japanese Flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)
		GAI Chun-lei,ZHU An-cheng,LI Tian-bao,YE Hai-bin,XU La,WANG Yong-qiang
		The trimethoprim(TMP)levels were analyzed in the muscle, blood, kidney and liver of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus orally administrated by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography and 3P87 softward to study the pharmacokinetics of TMP in the fish. The results showed a two-compartment open model best fitted the data in the four tissues. The major pharmacokinetic parameters in muscle, blood, kidney and liver were as follows,respectively:Time when maxium concentration(t_(max)max)was obtained were 18.72 h, 12.94 h, 23.13 h and 19.49 h; maximum concentration(C_(max))were 13.80 μg/ml, 18.23 μg/ml, 32.79 μg/ml and 27.40 μg/ml;elimination half-life(t_((1/2)β))were 23.64 h, 21.47 h, 16.72 h and 15.99 h, indicating that the assimilation and elimination of TMP was slower, that the level in blood was higher and that the maintaining time was longer in Japanese flounder.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 15-18 [Abstract] ( 69 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (214 KB) ( 231 )

	19	The Interimediate Breeding of Wild Spats for Japanese Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis
		LI Wen-ji,XUE Zhen-fu,LI Hua-lin,ZHANG Ming,WANG Wei-dong,LU Xue-hui,LIU Xiang-feng,TENG Wei-ming
		The intermediate culture of wild Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis spats collected two months later than the artificial spat was conducted to produce over 3 cm shell length juveniles for aquaculture from 2006 to 2008. It was found that there was no significant difference in survival at stocking density from 90 to 110 individuals/layer in a net cage. The scallop was 3.28 cm in average shell height at the stocking density of 70～90 ind/layer, in which the individuals with shell height of over 3 cm accounting for 83.33%. When the densities were 120～130 ind/layer, the scallop was 3.08 cm in average shell height, the individuals with shell height of over 3 cm accounting for 61%. The scallop was 2.77 cm in average shell height at stocking density of 160～170 ind/layer, the individuals with shell height of over 3 cm accounting for only 22%. Restocking time affected significantly the growth of the scallop. The wild spat growth was improved in July and August by early restocking and thus large size scallop was obtained. The survival of the wild spats was reduced at water temperature of over 23 ℃ during the intermediate breeding.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 19-22 [Abstract] ( 82 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (238 KB) ( 258 )

	23	Comparative Sequencing of Mitochondrial Cytochrome b in Two Fish Species of Genus Euchiloglanis
		YANG Cheng,CHAO Yan,SHEN Zhi-xin,QI De-lin,TANG Wen-jia,WANG Guo-Jie
		In the present study, the complete sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene(Cyt b)were sequenced for 6 individuals of Euchiloglanis kishinouyei from Make River and 1 individual of E. davidi from Dujiangyan. The results showed that all the six individuals of E. kishinouyei belonged to one haplotype. Among the 1140 bp of sequences, 29(2.54%)nucleotide sites were variable between the haplotypes of the two species. Of the variable sites, 23(79.3%)were transitions and 6(20.7%)were transversions. The percent sequence divergence was found to be low between the two species, indicating that the divergence of E. kishinouyei and E. davidi was evolved late, there being no formation of abundant variations in the Cyt b. The low genetic variation in E. kishinouyei may be related with the sequence characteristics changes in their habitat environment.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 23-26 [Abstract] ( 61 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (261 KB) ( 243 )

	27	Establishment and Optimization of 2-DE Technique in Liver Proteome of Large Yellow Croaker Pseudosciaena crocea
		LI Ming-yun,JI De-wei,WU Hai-qing,CHEN Jiong,SHI Yu-hong
		The 2-DE related techniques was constructed and optimized in liver proteome of large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea by comparative tests between different extraction methods, isoelectric focusing programs and sample volume. The results showed that the resolution of 2-DE profiles was significantly increased by adding Tris and TBP in lysis buffer, prolonging the time of desalting and increasing the voltage and power(Volt-hours)of isoelectric focusing properly. The optimal sample volume of 17 cm pH 5～ 8 IPG strips was found to be 2.0 mg. The 2-DE in liver proteome of the fish was successfully established with high quality map of separation under the optimization of the experimental conditions, which stands as a valuable resource for further liver proteomics research of Pseudosciaena crocea.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 27-30 [Abstract] ( 64 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (364 KB) ( 362 )

	31	Effects of Ammonia-N and Nitrite-N on Phenoloxidase Activity and Hemocyanin Content in Hemolymph of Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense
		ZHANG Ya-juan,WANG Chao,LIU Cun-qi,WANG Jun-xia,WANG Guo-jiang
		Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense were exposed to 6 ambient levels of ammonia-N(0, 2.2, 4.2, 8.7, 17.8, and 36.6 mg/L) and 6 ambient levels of nitrite-N(0, 2.0, 3.2, 5.0, 7.9, and 13.3 mg/L) for 24 h to evaluate the effects of ammonia-N and nitrite-N on phenoloxidase activity and hemocyanin content in the prawn. The phenoloxidase activity was found to increase significantly more than that in the control group and to decrease gradually as the ammonia-N and nitrite-N concentrations increased. The maximal phenoloxidase activity was observed at 8.7 mg/L ammonia-N and 5.0 mg/L nitrite-N. There was significantly higher hemocyanin level at 2.2 mg/L ammonia-N and 2.0 mg/L nitrite-N than that in the control group. No correlation was found between the phenoloxidase activity and hemocyanin content in the hemolymph.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 31-34 [Abstract] ( 71 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (271 KB) ( 442 )

	35	Early Life History of Andersson's Icefish(Neosalanx anderssoni)Inferred by Otolith Microstructure
		XIE Han,JIN Guang-hai,XIE Yu-hao,LIU Yi-xin,LI Wen-kuan
		The Andersson's icefish Neosalanx anderssoni has unregular round saggittae whose long radius Y(μm)was linearly related to the fish body length x(SL,mm), with the equation from 60 individuals(SL 37～52 mm)of y＝260.335+2.6234x,r＝0.3096. The microstructure of the sagittae showed that the mean diameters of core and primordum were(25.17±2.40)μm and(7.80±2.22)(SD) μm, respectively. There were from 73 to 101 rings showing daily growth increment in the otolith in 60 individuals, 78.3% of the individuals being between 83 and 97. The 1st-10th mean daily growth increment was 1.76 μm in width. Since then, its width gradually increased, with the maximum of 2.7 μm at 60～70 daily growth increment. After then, it gradually reduced with the minimum growth of body length from the first day to the tenth day(mean 0.34 mm)calculated on the basis of width of daily growth increment, the maximum occurring at 60-70 day old. The spawning period occurred from 15 April to 15 May and hatched about 10 days late based on the number of daily growth increment in the otolith and sampling time. There were 3～4 days of yolk nutrition and 6～7 days of mixed nutrition inferred by width from 1st to 11th daily growth increment. There was migration habit from inshore to estuary for searching food in the juveniles determined on the mark rings formed by induction of suddenly change in salinity(from 27～30 to 6～18).
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 35-39 [Abstract] ( 94 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (427 KB) ( 271 )

	40	Culture of Snail Babylonia aerolata in Indoor Concrete Tanks
		WANG Zhi-cheng,LIANG Zhi-hui,PENG Yin-hui,WEN Xue
		A total of 457 thousands of juvenile snail Babylonia aerolata were cultured in 35 indoors cement ponds of each 30m~2 at 11 size classes and 7 stocking densities for 151～216 days in 2005. Totally 2574.9 kg of snail about 146 individual/kg(115～192 ind./kg)were harvested at a rate of 2.5 kg/m~2 (1.2～4.2 kg/m~2), with average survival rate of 82.2%(48.4%～97.8%)and food conversion ratio of 2.6. There were high and stable survival rate(above 86.5%)at stocking density of 870～9200 ind./kg, while lower survival rate at stocking density of above 12170 ind./kg. The survival rate was only 48.4% at stocking density of 23400 ind./kg, and constantly high at stocking density of 185.6～868.2 ind./kg. However, the growth rate significantly decreased at stocking density of over 542.6 ind./kg.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 40-43 [Abstract] ( 79 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (275 KB) ( 298 )

	44	Classification and Molecular Biological Analysis of the Pathogenic Bacteria from Cultured Turbot Scophthalmus maximus
		LI Zheng-yi,JIA Jun-tao,CHEN Xiao,YING Jun,LIU Yun-guo,LEI Zhi-wen
		Five pathogenic strains of bacteria originally from the cultured turbot Scophthalmus maximus in a fish farm in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, were identified by traditional physiological and biochemical methods, together with VITEK 2 Compact-GN test kit and API 20E from bioM rieux in France. The 16S rDNA genes were sequenced and compared with that of related strains to investigate the phylogenetic classification of these pathogenic strains. Four strains were found to exhibit the highest similarity to Vibrio alginolyticus based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis and the conventional physiological and biochemical test. The artificial infection demonstrated that V. alginolyticus showed high pathogenetic to healthy cultured turbot.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 44-47 [Abstract] ( 42 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (278 KB) ( 260 )

	48	Effects of Chinese Herbal Compound on the Immunity of Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense
		PAN Kai-yu
		Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense were fed the formulated diets containing the mixtures of more than 10 Chinese herbs including Rhubarb, Scutellaria, and Isatis tinctoria smashed and sieved at a rate of 1%, 2% and 3% to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal compound on the immunity in the prawn. The results showed that the percentage of phagocytosis, phagocytic index, and serum lysozyme activity were significantly increase,especially in the prawn fed the diet containing 2% of the Chinese herbal mixture, indicating that the additives significantly improved the immune function in the prawn, and was effective in preventing infection of Aeromonas hydrophila.
		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 48-50 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (203 KB) ( 409 )

	51	A Review of Research Advancement on Oral Vaccination in Fish
		LI Xin-hua,SHEN Jin-yu,PAN Xiao-yi,HAO Gui-jie

		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 51-56 [Abstract] ( 44 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (467 KB) ( 378 )

	57	Application and Research Advances of Microorganisms in Aquaculture
		LIU Wen-zhen

		2010 Vol. 29 (1): 57-62 [Abstract] ( 59 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (514 KB) ( 972 )