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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2010 Vol. 29, No. 4 Published: 2010-04-25

Article

	187	Effects of Dietary Fly Maggot Musca domestica on Growth and Body Compositions in Chinese Shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis Juveniles

		Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis juveniles were cultured in experimental ecological tanks,and fed the diets containing different proportions of fly maggot Musca domestica to study the effects of dietary fly maggots on the growth performance and body compositions in the shrimp for 35 days. The results showed that there was enhancement in body length,body weight,specific growth rate and survival with increase in the dietary fly maggots. Similar cases were also found in the total quantity of hydrolytic amino acids as well as essential amino acids,and the taste amino acid content in the shrimpmuscles. The shrimp had significantly higher growth when they fed the diets containing 3/8 or more fly maggots (P<0.05). The contents of ∑n-3 HUFA and ∑n-6 HUFA in the shrimp muscles were found to increase with the increase in the proportion of the fly maggots in the diets. There were significantly lower contents of the essential fatty acids and higher polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscles of the shrimp fed the fly maggots than those in the shrimp in the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore,the ratio of C22∶6n-3/C18∶2n-6 was found significantly higher in the muscles of the shrimp fed the fly maggots than that in the control group,the values being enhancement with increase in the contents of the fly maggots.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 187-192 [Abstract] ( 75 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (367 KB) ( 252 )

	193	Microstructure and Ultrastructure of Androgenic Gland in Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus

		The location,morphology,microstructure and ultrastructure of the androgenic gland in swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus were studied under zoom stereo microscope,histological section and electron microscope. The results showed that a pair of androgenic glands was found on the surface of the ejaculatory duct. The cytological development of the irregular cord-shape gland can be distinctly divided into three stages:proliferation phase,synthesis phase and secretion phase. The gland secreted in a holocrine fashion,and had two types of cells:type A,whose nuclei were rich in euchromatin,mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum,and type B,which had nuclei rich in heterochromation,and showed karyopyknosis. In proliferation phase the androgenic glands were short and the glandular cells were of small amount,and had a distinct cell boundary. In synthesis phase,the androgenic glands were bigger in size than that in the proliferation phase. The glands with more type A cells appeared like a cord-shape,and had well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In the prophase of the secretion phase,the androgenic glands were still big with more type B cells,and in the anaphase of the secretion phase,the androgenic glands were smaller in size,and some were broken down. There were many vacuoles in the glandular cells.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 193-197 [Abstract] ( 52 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (588 KB) ( 234 )

	198	Effects of N/P Ratio on Growth and Nutrient Contents in Alga Nitzschia sp.

		The growth and nutrient contents in alga Nitzschia sp. were studied under different ratios of nitrogen to phosphorus(1:1,5:1,12.5:1,30:1,50:1,and 80:1)to evaluate the uptake ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus. It was found that there was significant differences in growth rate(P<0.05),the maximum at N/P=12.5:1,and the minimum at N/P<5:1 and N/P>50:1.The nutrient contents were obviously in accordance with the growth. There were chlorophyll c(P>0.05)ontent of 1.81 g/ml,29.9% of extracellular polymeric substance(EPS),17.8% of intracellular polymeric substance(IPS),5.3% of protein and 14.2% of lipid in the alga at N/P=12.5:1,higher than those at other ratios of nitrogen to phosphorus.After being cultivated,there was much lower N and P levels in the water media after culture,indicating that there were significant differences in the uptake ratio of total nitrogen(TN),over 55%(the maximum of 78% at N/P=30:1)(P<0.05). However,there were no significant differences in the uptake ratio of total phosphorus(TP),over 90%.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 198-202 [Abstract] ( 81 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (333 KB) ( 307 )

	203	Optimization of the Polysaccharides Extraction from Razor Clam via Response Surface Method

		Razor clam polysaccharide with various biological activity was rich in polysaccharide functional product. Establishment of more economical and reasonable experimental design through maths model,it was very important signification for exploitation and application of razor clam polysaccharide. The research carried out in the Qinhangdao sea showed that the supersonic assistance enzymolysis extraction was found to be the preferable polysaccharide extraction method for the razor clam polysaccharide extraction by the response surface method. The results indicated that the feasible extraction condition was as the following: 30 min of supersonic assistance extract time was,amount of papain of 3.99%,extract Temperature of 50.9 ℃,extract time of 8.94 h. Under this condition the razor clam polysaccharide extraction content was achieved at a rate of the 9.41 mg/g fresh weight. This research has the vital significance regarding the marine shellfish polysaccharide function product raw material selection and the product development and the application.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 203-207 [Abstract] ( 54 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (445 KB) ( 390 )

	208	Effects of Nutrients on the Uptake of Nitrogen and Phosphorus by Sea Weed Ulva pertusa and Grateloupia ramosissima

		Effects of levels of nitrogen and phosphorus and their combination on uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by sea weed Ulva pertusa and Grateloupia ramosissima were studied. The results showed that there was increase in the uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by the sea weed with increase in N and P concentration in the media within the suitable concentrations. The uptake of NO_3-N by these two species was affected by the interactions between NO and NH; the interactions between NO and P affected the uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by U. pertusa and the uptake of NH_4-N by Grateloupia ramosissima; the interactions between NH and P affected the uptake of phosphorus by U. pertusa. The uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by the sea weed changed with the sea weed body weight,without significant difference.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 208-211 [Abstract] ( 50 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (245 KB) ( 290 )

	212	Body Color and Fin Shape in Filial Generation from Several Ornamental Swordtail Fish (Xiphophorus helleri)

		The body color including eye color and fin shapes were statistically analyzed in filial generation from several ornamental swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri).The results showed that black color of the eyes was found to be controlled by dominant genes while the redness by recessive one. It was inferred from the observation above that the genetic regulation of body color was determined by quantitative trait genes when transparent one was hybridized with normal body color ones. The swallowtail was dominant in comparison with normal caudal fin in the fish.Furthermore,there were genetic correlations between the swallowtail trait and long anal fin trait for male swordtail fish. It was found that the high dorsal fin was controlled by dominant gene while the normal dorsal fin by recessive one.The genotype of swordtail fish with normal dorsal fin was recessive homozygote and high fin swordtail fish was heterozygote. However,the dominant homozygote was lethal genotype.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 212-216 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (392 KB) ( 433 )

	217	Applicability of Microsatellite Primers Developed from Atlantic Cod(Gadus morhua) in Pacific Cod (G. macrocephalus)

		Seven microsatellite primers in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) from Genebank were used to sequence the DNA genes in Pacific cod (G. Macrocephalus ) by polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) and showed stably strips named as Gmo2,Gmo3,Gmo8,Gmo19,Gmo35,Gmo36,and Gmo37. Seven loci were found to be polymorphism. The result showed 69 alleles with the number of 4～17 in every allele of each locus with 111～227 bp in size. There were differences with various degree between the two cods. For example,the strip of Gmo37 was the most different in the size of the fragments in Pacific cod and Atlantic cod,without superposition parts,220～290 bp and 144～226 bp.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 217-220 [Abstract] ( 62 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (245 KB) ( 179 )

	221	Preparation of Scale Collagen from Four Species Freshwater Fish by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

		The general composition and amino acid composition were determined,and the enzymatic hydrolysis technology of collagen was optimized in common freshwater fish scales. The scales were found to be mainly composed of protein(more than 55%)and inorganic substances. There was rich in hydroxyproline in the composition of amino acid in the freshwater fish scales. The optimal conditions had been showed by orthogonal tests as the following:the substrate at a rate of 100 g/L,hydrolyzing at temperature of 55 ℃,and ratio of enzyme to substrate equaling to 3.0 %. In this condition,the hydrolytic collagen had small molecular weight and the central distribution.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 221-224 [Abstract] ( 52 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (258 KB) ( 406 )

	225	Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicines on Growth and Nonspecific Immunity in Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

		The yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) juveniles were fed the diets supplemented with Chinese herbal medicines at a rate of 0%,0.5%,1.0%,and 2.0% for 60 days to evaluate the effect of Chinese herbal medicines on growth and non-specific immunity. There was significant effect of the addition of 0.5% Chinese herbal medicines on the growth (P＜0.05),and very significant enhance effect of the addition of 1.0% and 2.0% Chinese herbal medicines on the phagocytic activity,and lysozyme activity (P＜0.01).
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 225-228 [Abstract] ( 62 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (247 KB) ( 291 )

	229	Isozyme Patterns in Various Tissues of Acrossocheilus fasciatus

		Vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the expression of ten isozymes including lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH),malate dehydrogenase(MDH),malatase(MEP),superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),esterase(EST),acid phosphatase(ACP),catalase(CAT),and amylase(AMY)in nine tissues and organs(livers,spleens,hearts,kidneys,brains,gills,eyes,pectroral fin and muscles)in Acrossocheilus fasciatus samples collected in Xinchang,Zhejiang Province in November 30,2008. The results showed that the isozymes except CAT and ACP had clear and steady band patterns in all the tissues and organs,showing high tissue-function specific in patterns,distribution and activity.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 229-231 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (339 KB) ( 198 )

	232	Fishing Gears and Methods for Pond Smelt in Chaihe Reservoir

		A wild population of pond smelt(Hypomesus olidus)was increased after 1996 since 54 millions of the fertilized eggs successively introduced into Chaihe Reservoir,Liaoning province,China,in 1987 and 1989. The effective fishing gears and fishing methods for the pond smelt were created via the habitation pattern of the pond smelt in Chaihe Reservoir to comprehensive utilization of the pond smelt resources. Meanwhile,the reasonable fishing can not only give scope to the fishery benefit of the pond smelt,but also improve the life space and natural food available for the principal fishes including bighead carp(Aristchthys nobilis),and silver carp(Hypophthamichthys molitrix)in the reservoir.
		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 232-234 [Abstract] ( 62 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (173 KB) ( 379 )

	235	Effects and Prevention of High Temperature on Fishes


		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 235-242 [Abstract] ( 84 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (610 KB) ( 1174 )

	243	Advancement of Immune-related Genes in Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis


		2010 Vol. 29 (4): 243-248 [Abstract] ( 52 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (451 KB) ( 355 )