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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2015 Vol. 34, No. 12 Published: 2015-12-25

Article

	733	Carrying Capacity of Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay Estimated by an Ecosystem Model
		LIU Xuehai,WANG Zongling,ZHANG Mingliang,WANG Bo,SUN Pixi
		The carrying capacities of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay aquaculture areas were estimated by an ecosystem model established by actual determination via concentration of phyto-plankton and primary production ,and food budgets .The results showed that the maximal carrying capaci-ty of the clam was observed in various sizes of the clam in winter (January or March) and the minimal in September .The average carrying capacity in the aquaculture areas was shown to be 603 ind ./m2 in the clam with shell length of 2-2 .6 cm ,441 ind ./m2 in the clam with shell length of 2 .6-3 .3 cm ,and 362 ind ./m2 in the clam with shell length of 3 .3 -4 cm ,indicating that the stocking density of the clam was saturated in Jiaozhou Bay w here the appropriate reduction in density w as necessary to maintain the maximal yield ,high clam quality and low seeding cost .It is recommended that the stocking density of the clam be 718 ind ./m2 in Hongdao East zone ,693 ind ./m2 in Hongdao South zone ,557 ind ./m2 in Hongdao West zone ,805 ind ./m2 in Jiaozhou zone ,and 654 ind ./m2 in Huangdao zone ,with the average stocking density of 690 ind ./m2 .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 733-740 [Abstract] ( 75 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2444 KB) ( 765 )

	741	Effects of Probiotics on Body Composition ,Serum Biochemical Parameters ,Digestive Enzyme Activity and Intestinal Flora of Juvenile Jian Carp (Cy prinus carpio Var .Jian)
		ZHANG Wen,ZHONG Lei,LI Nanchong,FANG Cheng,JI Hong ,REN Tongjun
		A 80 day feeding trial was conducted in 3 ponds to investigate the effect of probiotics on body composition ,serum biochemical parameters ,digestive enzyme activity and intestinal flora in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio Var .Jian) with initial body weight of (242 ± 9 .6) g .Jian carp juveniles were stocked into three 1334 m2 ponds without the probiotics (control group ,CG ) ,and with the probiotics (group Ⅰ ,ⅠG) and (group Ⅱ ,ⅡG) at stocking density of 20850 fish/hm2 ,and fed diet containing the probiotics inⅠG at feeding rate of 2% -4% three times a day .The water quality was monitored in the wa-ter periodically .The results showed that there was significantly lower crude fat in the hepatopancreas and serum activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the juveniles in ⅠG and ⅡG than those in CG(P<0.05) .There were significantly higher total protein and activities of amylase and lipase in ⅠG and ⅡG than those in CG (P<0 .05) .The alkaline protease in IG was significantly higher than in CG (P<0 .05) , and there was no difference in acid proteinase activity (P>0 .05) .There were 12 ,18 ,and 16 bands in the juvenles in CG ,Ⅰ G and Ⅱ G ,respectively ,with preponderant band .The similarity coefficients were 54.5% between ⅠG and probiotics ,55 .1% betweenⅡG and probiotics ,70 .2% between ⅠG and CG , 67.3% betweenⅡG and CG .The 13 bands by gel extraction ,cloning ,sequencing and alignment in NCBI revealed that the intestinal flora in Jian carp was primarily comprised of Bacilli , Spirochaetes ,β-Pro-teobacteria ,Clostridia ,andγ-Proteobacteria .It was concluded that the addition of probiotics can influence the metabolism of fish ,change the composition of body ,enhance the immunity and the activity of digestive enzyme to some extent ,and affect the composition of intestinal flora in jian carp ,which will promote the application of probiotics in aquaculture .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 741-749 [Abstract] ( 92 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1259 KB) ( 381 )

	750	Effects of Seven Common Culture Media on Growth and Pigment Contents in Green Alga Dunaliella salina
		ZHOU Lihua,SHI Xiang,CHENG Jianfeng
		The biomass and photosynthetic pigment contents were detected in green alga Dunaliella salina cultured in seven kinds of culture media to screen out the optimum liquid medium applied in the large-scale production of the green alga .The results showed that the best growth and the maximal accumulation of pigments were observed in the green alga cultured in the media of Pick (1994) ,and modified Johnson and modified Pick (2006) ,with different optimal conditions for growth and photosynthetic pigments accumula-tion .The maximal biomass was found in the green alga cultivated in modified Pick culture medium (2006) and the maximal contents of photosynthetic pigments in modified Johnson culture medium .According to input-output ratio ,it was found that modified Pick culture medium (2006) was best for the large-scale pro-duction of green alga D .salina because of higher biomass yield and pigment content ;while modified John-son culture medium was better for the large-scale pigment content production .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 750-756 [Abstract] ( 84 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (867 KB) ( 222 )

	757	Effects of Freshwater Mussels Hyriopsis cumingii on Plankton Community Structure in an Intensive Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus Pond
		ZHENG Zonglin ,ZHENG Shuming,WANG Guangjun,ZHAO Zheng
		Twenty thousand 1 year old freshwater mussel H yriopsis cumingii was stocked into 2 grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus (with body weight of 50 g) ponds of each 0 .8 hm2 and water depth of 1 .8 m at stocking density of 12 000 per pond polycultured with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix with body weight of 24—100 g at stocking density of 500 individuals per pond and bighead carp A ristichthys no-bilis with body weight of 150 g at stocking density of 100 individuals per pond ,2 same size and stocking ponds without freshwater mussel as control ponds .The species and biomass of phytoplankton were deter-mined in the ponds in a 24 day interval to look insight on effects of freshwater mussel on phytoplankton community structure .The results showed that there were the phytoplankton of 94 species ,48 genera ,6 phyla in the fish-mussel polyculture ponds ,while 91 species ,42 genera ,6 phyla were observed in the con-trol ponds ,with the dominant species accounting for 47 .8% in the fish-mussel polyculture ponds ,and 41.8% in the control ponds ,with Cyclotella and Synedra in Bacillariophyta ,besides Chlorella ,Scenedes-mus and Closterium in Chlorophyta .The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of phytoplankton was found from 1.24 to 1 .41 in the fish mussel polyculture ponds and from 1 .26 to 1 .36 in the control ponds .The density of the phytoplankton were varied from 539 .23 × 104ind/L to 1289 .53 × 104ind/L in the fish-mussel polycul-ture ponds and from 669 .57 × 104 ind/L to 1608 .50 × 104 ind/L in the control ponds ,with the biomass of 6 .68—12 .47 mg/L in the fish-mussel polyculture ponds and 8 .40—18 .62 mg/L in the control ponds .The growth and reproduction of phytoplankton was to some extent restrained in the fish mussel plyculture ponds ,indicating that fish- mussel polyculture can change phytoplankton community structure ,and en-hance the ability to automatically adjust the water ,and more conducive to aquaculture .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 757-761 [Abstract] ( 122 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (983 KB) ( 209 )

	762	Dominant Bacteria in Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Released in Area Where Massive Death Was Caused by Environmental Triggers

		The dominant bacteria were isolated from sea cucumbers released in Jincheng area in Laizhou and Muping area where the massive death of the sea cucumber caused by environmental factors had been oc-curred by plate-separation method ,and identified by 16S rDNA universal primer of bacteria ,by cloning , sequencing ,and RDP sequence alignment successively .The results showed that the 13 dominant bacterial strains were within 5 genera ,Paracoccus ,Planococcus ,Lucibacterium ,Vibrio and Agarivorans ,Vibrio bacteria accounting for 53 .8% .Dominant bacteria were correlated with the physiological function of sea cucumber and the aquaculture environment conditions .There were different dominant bacterial species in the samples collected from different areas ,more percentage of Vibrio in Laizhou area than that in Muping area ,w hich may be involved in the difference in V ibrio status in the culture environment .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 762-767 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1105 KB) ( 222 )

	768	Effect of Sediment on Growth and Mortality of Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii
		ZHOU Feng,DONG Chao,ZHENG You,HUANG Cheng
		The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) was divided into three categories by size ,small size of crayfish (post -larvae ,with body weight of 4 .23 ± 0 .258 mg) ,middle size of crayfish (2 .69 ± 0.410 g) and large size of crayfish (7 .55 ± 0 .415 g) .The small size of crayfish(30 caryfish each aquarium) w as raised in a small aquarium (45 cm × 35 cm × 20 cm ) in w hich 1 kg sediment w as tiled .T he middle (18 crayfish each aquarium) and large (6 crayfish each aquarium) size of crayfish were raised in a large aquari-um (80 cm × 52 cm × 25 cm) in which 8 .5 kg sediment was tiled .In the control group ,there was no sedi-ment in the aquarium with five replicates each treatment .The growth ,mortality ,and resistance to hypox-ia and high temperature and the effect of sediment on dissolved oxygen level were tested in the crayfish raised in 5~6 weeks at water temperature from 18 ℃ to 25 ℃ .The results showed that there were signifi-cantly higher specific grow th rate in the crayfish [small sized (7 .82% /d) and the middle sized (0 .90% /d) P<0 .01 ,the large sized (0 .92% /d)] (P<0 .05) in the aquaria with sediment than that in the control aquaria (5 .56% /d ,0 .20 % /d ,and 0 .59% /d for small ,middle and large crayfish) .The small sized cray-fish in the aquaria with sediment had significantly lower mortality than the crayfish in the control aquaria did (P<0 .05) and very significantly great resistance to high temperature than that in the control aquaria (P<0.01) ,without significant differences with the other groups (P>0 .05) .Sediments led to significant-ly enhance the resistance of various sizes of crayfish to hypoxia (P<0 .01) ,even though the sediments re-duced the level of dissolved oxygen .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 768-772 [Abstract] ( 73 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (708 KB) ( 376 )

	773	Effects of Aeromonas hydrophila on Hepcidin Gene Expression of Field Eel Monopterus albus
		WANG Xia,FANG Chen,WEI Mingwu,ZHANG Xiaoxue
		The expression level of hepcidin gene was monitored in field eel Monopterus albus artificially in-fected by different concentration of Aeromonas hydrophila 24 ,48 ,and 72 hours of infection by the methods of FQ-PCR .The results showed that hepcidin transcripts were detected in kidney of healthy field eel . When the field eel was challenged with A .hydrophila injection ,the hepcidin expression quantity was in-creased significantly .The hepcidin transcripts decreased as time prolonged in mostly tested groups(0 .5 × 108 cfu/mL ,2 × 108 cfu/mL and 4 × 108 cfu/mL) ,but increased in the group treated with A .hydrophila at concentration of 1 × 108cfu/mL .The finding showed that the hepcidin expression quantity was increased in field eel with A .hydrophila injection at concentration of 1 × 108cfu/mL .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 773-777 [Abstract] ( 74 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2052 KB) ( 215 )

	778	Identification and Drug Sensitivity of Megasphaera from Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
		LAN Shenghua,WANG Li,DENG Linjie,YANG Qiming,LI Xuefeng,DUAN Huiqin
		A strain of dominant bacterial HS1 was isolated from diseased yellow catfish Pelteobagrus f ul-vidraco ,then it was studied by biochemical characteristics ,16S rDNA gene sequences and drug sensitivity test .The results showed that HS1 was identified as obligate anaerobic ,power positive ,Gram -negative Cocci with optimum growth temperature of 28 ℃ .When the ethanol concentration was 2 .8% (v7) ,its growth was inhibited ,which resulted in an increase in turbidity and unpleasant sensory changes in beer . According to the analysis of 16S rDNA gene sequence ,the fragment size was 1466 bp with accession num-ber of KP191046 .Strain HS1 comprised sequences more related to Macrococcus caseolyticus (99% homol-ogy) ,which showed that strain HS1 is M .caseolyticus .Strain HS1 was sensitive to tetracyclines ,amin-oglycosides ,amphenicols ,quinolones ,andβ-lactams ,while it was resistant to sulfa-drugs .The findings provide a scientific reference with the prevention and treatment of M .caseolyticus infection in fish .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 778-782 [Abstract] ( 89 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (791 KB) ( 506 )

	783	Influence of Cage Culture on Water Quality in Weiyuan Reservoir
		XIONG Zhanshan,WANG Wenlan,LI Gaijuan,MAO Ruixin,ZHANG Jiasong,ZHAO Quandong
		Water quality was monitored in cage culture area in Weiyuan reservoir in Ji'an city from 2012 to 2013 in order to review the research project"environmental impact"from the world bank loan in Jilin Prov-ince agricultural product quality security project (2011-YS1) .In the cage culture area ,5 sections were sampled including away from the cage culture area of upstream 200 m and 500 m and downstream of the 200 m and 500 m ;3 sampling sites w ere set up in the cross section of cage culture in a 50 m interval;the remaining 4 sections were provided with 2 sampling sites in a 50 m interval ,respectively ,a total of 11 sam-pling sites ,and each mixed sample collected at upper ,mid and lower layer water on May ,July ,and Sep-tember .The total phosphorus ,total nitrogen ,ammonia nitrogen ,dissolved oxygen ,COD ,pH and water temperature were monitoringed ,and effects of cage culture on the water quality were evaluated in Weiyuan reservoir .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 783-788 [Abstract] ( 85 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1294 KB) ( 404 )

	789	Genetic Diversity of Spiny Eel (Mastacembelus sinensis) from Five Lakes
		ZHAO Ziming,CHEN Xiaojiang,DU Yingchun,HUANG Jiangan
		The mtDNA 16S rRNA gene (1006 bp) of spiny eel (Mastacembelus sinensis) from five lakes in Jiangsu Province was amplified and sequenced .The result showed that 31 variable sites were detected and 28 haplotypes were identified in the 142 species from five populations .The haplotype Hap1 was widely dis-tributed and may be the ancient haplotype .The average haplotype diversity (0 .411) and nucleotide diversi-ty (0 .00071) demonstrated very low genetic diversity of the spiny eel populations in the five lakes .The fixation indice (Fst) was 0 .0247 ,which showed no significant genetic different among the populations . The phylogenetic tree showed that the five populations were not clustered into clades .There was strong and extensive gene flow among five spiny eel populations .The result showed that spiny eel had low genetic diversity and genetically homogeneous population structure ,indicating that the spiny eel has weak viability to maintain population and needs to be well protected .
		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 789-794 [Abstract] ( 90 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1047 KB) ( 374 )

	795	Invasion Status of Marine Microalgae Related to Red Tide in Liaoning Inshore
		JIANG Bing,SONG Lun,SHI Mingming,SONG Guangjun,WANG Ying

		2015 Vol. 34 (12): 795-800 [Abstract] ( 56 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (723 KB) ( 416 )