Effects of Immunostimullants on Toxin Accumulation,Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity in Blue Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis
ZHANG Qianru1,2, ZHENG Guanchao1, YANG Yuecong1, ZHAO Huihui1, TAN Zhijun1,3, WU Haiyan1
1. Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; 2. Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
Abstract：To screen for immunomodulators that affect the accumulation of azaspiracids (AZAs) in blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, blue mussels with body weight of(7.14±1.05) g were reared with 333.00 mg/L of vitamin C sodium powder (vitamin C group), 3.00 mg/L emodin (emodin group), and 6.66 mg/L of arachidonic acid (arachidonic acid group) and 333.00 mg/L of astragalus polysaccharide (astragalus polysaccharide group). The toxin and enzyme activities in the visceral tissues of the blue mussel, and the changes in antioxidant function and non-specific immune indices were measured. The results showed that the soft tissue was decreased first in weight and then increased in the mussel fed diets containing the immunomodulators,without effect on the survival rate of the mussel (P>0.05). Except for the arachidonic acid group, there was no significant difference between other treatment groups and the control group (P>0.05). The immunomodulators were all shown to affect the accumulation of toxins in the hepatopancreas, without effect on metabolism. The descending order of the maximal toxin contents in different groups was described as:control group (1235.33 μg/kg)>vitamin C group (1153.12 μg/kg)>emodin group (755.74 μg/kg)>arachidonic acid group (568.72 μg/kg)>astragalus polysaccharides group (141.43 μg/kg), with 61.2% of that in the control group in the emodin group, 46.0% of that in the control group in the arachidonic acid group, and 11.5% of that in the control group in the astragalus polysaccharide group.Arachidonic acid group and astragalus polysaccharides group with significantly reduced toxin accumulation were selected to analyze the changes of their antioxidant enzymes, oxidation products and non-specific immune enzyme activities.The activity of superoxide dismutase in mussel hepatopancreas was found to be increased significantly and the malondialdehyde content to be significantly decreased in the blue mussel fed the diets containing astragalus polysaccharides and arachidonic acid (P<0.05), with increase in the content of non-specific immune marker lysozyme and the activity of acid phosphatase.The findings indicate that arachidonic acid and astragalus polysaccharides significantly enhance the oxidative stress and non-specific immune ability of blue mussel during toxin accumulation.
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2024, Vol. 43 
