摘要在水温11．2～21．0℃下，将初始体质量为（1．00±0．05）g的仿刺参，随机放入容水为50 L （50 cm ×40 cm ×30 cm ）的18个塑料水槽中，每槽20头，分为6组，每组3个重复，饲养80 d。A组水槽中只添加等比例混合的小球藻、筒柱藻和角毛藻；B组只添加微生态制剂（主要为光合细菌、乳酸菌和酵母菌），菌或藻细胞密度为2．22×108个/水槽；C、D和E组添加藻类和微生态制剂比例分别为1∶1、2∶1和1∶2，密度与A组相同；K组为对照组，不添加藻类和微生态制剂。试验结果表明，只添加藻类混合液的A组仿刺参的特殊质量增加率最高（0．16％/d ），E组次之，只添加微生态制剂的B组最低（-0．37％/d），A组和E组与B组间差异极显著（P＜0．01）。A组水体中氨氮和活性磷含量较高，仿刺参体腔液中酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性最低，肠道内弧菌数最少。B组水槽中亚硝酸氮浓度始终很高，仿刺参体腔液中酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性增高，肠道内弧菌数增加。添加不同数量藻类和微生态制剂水槽中仿刺参肠道胃蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性不同，但与生长之间的相关性不明显。
Abstract：The juvenile sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) with initial body weight of (1 .00 ± 0 .05) g were reared in 18 plastic tanks supplemented with various ratios of microalgae to probiotics at a rate of 20 individuals per tank with triplication at water temperature of 11 .2~21 .0 ℃ for 80 days .During the culture period ,only alga mixture of Chlorella sp , Cylindrotheca sp and Chaetoceros sp at a same proportion was added to the tanks (Group A ) at a density of 2 .22 × 108 cells per tank ;only probiotics containing photosynthetic bacteria ,lactic bacteria ,and yeasts were added to the tanks at a density of 2 .22 × 108 individuals per tank (Group B);in the tanks (Group C) the algae and probiotics were supplemented at a ratio of 1∶1 ,that is ,1 .11 × 108 individuals per tank each ;the tanks in Group D and Group E were supplemented with alga mixture and probiotics at a ratio of 2∶1 ,and 1∶2 ;no any addition was in the tanks as a control group (Group K) .The results showed that the sea cucumber in Group A had the maximal specific growth rate (0 .16% /d) ,followed by the animals in Group E ,and the minimum in Group B (-0 .37% /d) ,with very significant difference between Group A and Group B ,and between Group E and Group B (P <0 .01) .The higher ammonia and active phosphorus levels in the water ,lower activities of acid phosphatase (ACP) and catase (CA T ) in the coelomic fluids and the least amount of V ibrio sp in the intestines were observed in the sea cucumber in Group B ,in which there were higher nitrite levels , higher activities of ACP and CAT in the coelomic fluids and more amount of Vibrio sp in the intestines . There was no significant relationship between activities of the digestive enzymes in the intestines and the growth in the sea cucumber in the experiment .The ecological functions and supplemental pattern (optimal ratio and time) of the microalgae and probiotics are discussed in the sea cucumber culture ponds in detail .
收稿日期: 2013-09-25
引用本文:
王吉桥,张凯,袁成玉,姜玉声,张剑诚,宫德龙,曹旭鹏. 不同比例微藻和微生态制剂对仿刺参幼参生长的影响[J]. 水产科学, 2013, (9): 524-530.
WANG Jiqiao,ZHANG Kai,YUAN Chengyu,JIANG Yusheng,ZHANG Jiancheng,GONG Delong,CAO Xupeng. The Effects of Various Ratios of Microalgae to Probiotics on Growth of Juvenile Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus j aponicus). Fisheries Science, 2013, (9): 524-530.
