摘要水温18～20℃条件下，测定了丁香酚对锦鲤的麻醉效果。锦鲤体长12～15 cm ，质量30～40 g。通过预试验设计的丁香酚质量浓度梯度为10、30、60、100、200 m g/L。根据锦鲤的行为特征变化将麻醉及复苏过程各分成五个阶段。试验结果显示，随着丁香酚质量浓度30～200 mg/L的逐渐升高，锦鲤达到A4期麻醉状态的时间由32．27 min缩短至4．10 min ，复苏时间由8．26 min延长至13．38 min （P＜0．01）。30 mg/L丁香酚液麻醉锦鲤60 min以及60 mg/L麻醉30 min ，锦鲤复苏率均为100％；100 mg/L麻醉20 min ，锦鲤复苏率为60％；200 mg/L麻醉10 min ，锦鲤复苏率为80％，麻醉15 min ，复苏率仅20％。经丁香酚液深麻的锦鲤置于空气中，随着丁香酚质量浓度30～200 m g/L的逐渐升高，锦鲤苏醒弹动时间由2．1 min延长至25．8 min（P＜0．05）。不同质量浓度丁香酚麻醉锦鲤24 h ，丁香酚质量浓度大于35 mg/L时，锦鲤全部死亡，30 mg/L时，复苏率为60％，丁香酚质量浓度为10、15、20、25 mg/L时，复苏率均为100％。分别用5、10、15、20、25 mg/L丁香酚液麻醉锦鲤，耗氧率及排氨率均随质量浓度的升高而降低（ P＜0．05）。试验结果表明，锦鲤麻醉运输适宜质量浓度为15～20 m g/L ，锦鲤人工操作适宜质量浓度100 mg/L。
Abstract：T he effects of clove oil (10 mg/L ,30 mg/L ,60 mg/L ,100 mg/L and 200 mg/L ) on anesthesia was investigated in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) with body length of 12-15 cm and body weight of 30-40 g at water temperature of (18-20 ℃) .The anesthesia and recovery process were both divided into five stages according to the characteristics of the fish behavior .The anesthesia induction period was found to be shortened from 32 .27 min at 30 mg/L of clove oil to 4 .10 min at 200 mg/L of clove oil ,w hile the recovery time was found to be significantly prolonged from 8 .26min at 30 mg/L of clove oil to 13 .38 min at 200 mg/L of clove oil (P< 0 .01) .The recovery rate were both 100% in the fish exposed to 30 mg/L clove oil solution for 60 min and 60 mg/L clove oil solution for 30 min ;60% in the fish exposed to 100 mg/L for 20 min ;80% in the fish exposed to 200 mg/L for 10 min and 20% for 15 min .The fish exposed to air after deep anesthesia in clove oil solution had the moving time of 2 .1 min at 30 mg/L of clove oil and prolonged gradually to 25 .8 min with the increase in clove oil concentration up to 200 mg/L (P< 0 .05) .The recovery rate in the fish exposed to different concentrations of clove oil for 24 h was 0% in 35 mg/L ,60%in 30 mg/L and 100% in 10 mg/L ,15 mg/L ,20 mg/L and 25 mg/L .T he oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of the koi carp were both found to be significantly declined with the elevated concentration of clove oil from 5 mg/L to 25 mg/L (P<0 .05) .It is suggested that 15-20 mg/L of clove oil be of optimal dose for transportation ,and 100 mg/L of clove oil be of optimal dose for handling .
收稿日期: 2014-01-25
引用本文:
张志明,胡盼,姜志强,刘东超,丁慧萍. 丁香酚对锦鲤麻醉效果的研究[J]. 水产科学, 2014, (1): 40-45.
ZHANG Zhi-ming,HU Pan,JIANG Zhi-qiang,LIU Dong-chao,DING Hui-ping. The Anesthesia Effects of Clove Oil on Koi Carp (Cy prinus carpio). Fisheries Science, 2014, (1): 40-45.
