摘要为探索流水条件与换水操作对缢蛏育苗初期的影响，2015年9月在三门东航水产育苗场进行试验，试验桶X（编号1、2、3*、4*、5*、6*）设置筛绢网与进出水开关控制流水速度，试验桶Y（编号7、8）未设置筛绢网且进行倒池操作，水温26～27．5℃，p H 8．0～8．2，盐度13，光照度低于1000 lx。结果表明，对于非流水性育苗，加大换水量与设置筛绢网减少机械损伤能够显著提高缢蛏幼虫期的存活率（P＜0．05），对孵化及生长变态等指标无显著影响（P＞0．05）；对于流水性育苗，当换水量逐渐加大时，缢蛏卵子的受精率降低，受精卵的孵化率在提高后回落，D形幼虫规格无显著差异（P＞0．05），稚贝规格与变态率降低，变态时间延长，缢蛏幼虫的壳长在试验中后期生长速率减缓、存活率降低，但与非流水性试验组的壳长及存活率数据进行对比得出，当流水量较小时，缢蛏幼虫壳长无显著差异（P＞0．05），存活率有明显提高。本试验验证了适量的流水性育苗与不倒池换水操作可以显著提高缢蛏幼虫孵化率、变态率、存活率，对变态时间与稚贝规格无显著影响。
Abstract：In order to explore influence of water condition and different water‐change operations on initial breeding stage of Agamaki clam Sinonov acula constricta , relevant tests were implemented in Sanmen Donghang aquaculture farms in September 2015 .Mesh cloth and water inlet and outlet switch were set in test barrel X(Number :1 ,2 ,3* ,4* ,5* ,6* ) for flowing velocity control ,and the comparative test barrels Y (Number :7 ,8) were not set with mesh cloth and pool water‐change operation ,at water temperature of 26—27 .5 ℃ ,pH 8 .0—8 .2 ,salinity 13 ,and illuminance of less than 1000 lx .The results showed that for non‐flowing breeding ,increasing water‐change amount and the setting of mesh cloth to reduce mechanical damage led to significant increase in survival rate of Agamaki clam larvae ,and did not lead to significant effect on hatching and growth or metamorphosis .For flowing breeding ,when water‐change amount was gradually increased ,fertility rate of Agamaki clam eggs was to some extent decreased hatching rate of fer‐tilized ovum decreased after certain increase ,significant difference in D‐type larva size and juveniles .The clam had poor grow th and low survival in the middle and late periods of test ,compared with shell length and survival rate data in non‐flow barrels .When the flowing rate was decreased ,there was no significant difference in shell length ,with significant increase in survival rate .The findings indicate that the proper a‐mount of flow water breeding and no pool water‐change operation can significantly improve the larva hatch ,metamorphosis rate ,survival rate ,without significant effect on the time of metamorphosis and ju‐venile size .
收稿日期: 2016-05-25
引用本文:
李炼星,李浩,沈和定,杜文俊. 缢蛏流水育苗试验[J]. , 2016, 35(5): 568-572.
LI Lianxing,LI Hao,SHEN Heding,DU Wenjun. Breeding of Agamaki Clam Sinonovacula constricta in Flowing Water. , 2016, 35(5): 568-572.
