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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2014 Vol. , No. 3 Published: 2014-03-25

Article

	137	Effects of Salinity on Embryonic Development and Larval Survival in All Female Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus
		WANG Yu-fen,SI Fei,SUN Chao-hui,SONG Li-min,JIANG Xiu-feng
		The sinking and buoyancy of eggs were observed in hologynic Japanese flounder Paralichthys oliv aceus under various salinities to investigate the effects of salinity on embryonic development and larval survival .The results showed that hologynic Japanese flounder eggs sank at a salinity of below 27 ,were pelagic at salinity from 27 to 30 ,and were buoyancy on the water surface at a salinity of above 30 .The hatching rate of over 71 .8% was observed at a salinity of 30-50 ,no significant difference (P>0 .05) ,and deformity rate of less than 4 .3% .The hatching rate of over 64 .5% was found at salinity from 10 to 30 , with deformity rate of less than 5 .5% .There was significantly lower hatching rate at salinity from 10 to 25 than that in salinity from 30 to 50 (P <0 .05) ,while there was higher deformity at salinity from 10 to 25 than that in salinity from 30 to 50 ( P > 0 .05 ) ,indicating properly high salinity more suitable for embryonic development .The larvae tolerated the salinity from 10 to 40 ,the maximal survival activity index (SAI) value of unfed larvae at a salinity of 20 .The unfed larvae had SAI value of less than 5 (mortality ) at salinity of below 5 and over 50 .
		2014 Vol. (3): 137-141 [Abstract] ( 86 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (684 KB) ( 194 )

	142	The Relationship between Morphometric Traits and Body Weight in 4 Species Crab f rom Bohai Bay
		XU Hailong,LIU Yang,GU Dexian,QIAO Xiuting
		The present study describes the correlation among carapace length (L1 ) ,carapace width (L2 ) , abdomen length (L3 ) ,abdomen width (L4 ) and body weight (m) of 4 species of crab caught from June 2008 to May 2009 in Bohai Bay with the methods of path analysis and step regression .The results showed that the correlation between the morphometric traits of each species of crab was significant (P <0 .01) , and the lnL2 had the most direct effect on ln m in Eucrate crenata and Portunus trituberculatus ,the direct path coefficient is 0 .661 and 0 .649 ,respectively ,while in Dorippe japonica and Charybdis japonica ,the most direct effect on lnm was is LnL1 ,the direct path coefficient was 0 .569 and 0 .659 ,respectively .And the equation of E .crenata lnm= -7 .622 +1 .972lnL2 +1 .143lnL1 -0 .083lnL4 (r=0 .940) ,D .japonica lnm= -7 .062+ 2 .971lnL1 (r= 0 .971) , P . trituberculatus Lnm= -8 .058+ 2 .238lnL1 + 0 .660lnL2 +0 .129lnL4(r=0 .986) ,C .japonica lnm= -8 .292+2 .081lnL2 +0 .964lnL1 (r=0 .986)were established using the stepwise regression method .
		2014 Vol. (3): 142-146 [Abstract] ( 83 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (637 KB) ( 352 )

	147	Acute Toxicity of Several Conventional Disinfectants to Sand Worm Perinereis aibuhitensis
		LAI Zu-peng,FENG Shan-cong,LIANG Wu-qi,WEI Yu,TANG Long,WU Ming-can,PAN Ying
		The acute toxicity of KMnO4 ,PVP-I ,and BCDMH to sand worm Perinereis aibuhitensis were studied at 25-26 ℃ by a static test method . The results showed that the toxicity order of the three disinfectants to the san worm was ranged as KMnO4 > BCDMH > PVP-I . The medium lethal concentrations (LC50 ) of KMnO4 to the san worm were found to be 18 .7 mg/L in 24 h ,11 .8 mg/L in 48 h , and 7 .2 mg/L in 96 h ,the LC50 of PVP-I 632 .9 mg/L in 24 h ,492 mg/L in 48 h ,and 420 .6 mg/L in 96 h ,and the LC50 BCDMH 560 .5 mg/L in 24 h ,283 mg/L in 48 h and 190 mg/L in 96 h with safe concentration (SC) of 1 .4 mg/L ,89 .1 mg/L and 21 .6 mg/L for the three disinfectants ,respectively .It is recommended that KMnO4 be used carefully , while BCDMH and PVP-I are proposed to be ideal disinfectant in the breeding and disease control of P .aibuhitensis .
		2014 Vol. (3): 147-151 [Abstract] ( 79 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (638 KB) ( 255 )

	152	Optimization of Medium and Fermentation Conditions for Production of Bacillus sp .BC26 in Sea Cucumber Apostichopus j aponicus
		YANG Zhi-ping,XU Zhe
		The purpose of this study was to optimize medium and fermentation conditions of Bacillus sp . BC26 .The medium consisting of soybean meal ,corn flour and molasses was optimized using the single factor experiment .It was found that the maximal cell counts of Bacillus sp .BC26 was obtained when the soybean meal accounted for 7% .Corn flour (3% -6% ) and molass (3% -7% ) levels had no significant influence on growth of Bacillus sp .BC26 .The optimal medium for its cell counts was further determined by four factors and three levels of orthogonal test L9 (34 ) and was found as the following :soybean meal 7% ,corn flour 5% ,molasses 3% ,and pH8 .Analysis of variance showed that effects of soybean meal , molasses ,and corn flour on growth of Bacillus sp .BC26 were very significant level (P< 0 .01) ,and significant level (P< 0 .05) ,respectively .The optimum fermentation conditions were observed as the following :culture temperature of 25 ℃ ,shaking speed 150 r/min ,inoculum volume 2% ,25 mL medium in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask and culture period 24 h .Bacillus sp .BC26 had biomass of 2 .34 × 109 cell/mL , 51 .95% higher when it was incubated in optimal fermentation conditions .
		2014 Vol. (3): 152-156 [Abstract] ( 57 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (845 KB) ( 430 )

	157	Development of a Liquid Chip Technique for Simultaneous Detection of Red Sea Bream Iridovirus (RSIV)and Koi Herpesvirus (KHV)
		YIN Weili,GENG Jinpei,LIU Ning,YUE Zhiqin,ZHENG Xiaolong,LIU Hong,XU Hongyan
		The CP gene of Red Sea Bream Iridovirus (RSIV) and TK gene of Koi Herpesvirus (KHV) in the GenBank was analysed using the software DNAStar 7 .0 ,and specific RSIV and KHV primers labeled with biotin was prepared and coupled with fluorescence-coded microspheres to develop liquidchip technique to detect RSIV and KHV simultaneously .The aminationed probe was used for hybridization reaction to PCR products of RSIV and KHV ,then Liquidchip detection technique for detection of RSIV and KHV was established by BD FACSArray to detect fluorescence signal in the reaction system .The results showed that RSIV and KHV was accurately and high specifically detected by liquidchip detection technique with minimal limit of 10 pg of RSIV DNA and 100 pg of KHV DNA .The Liquidchip detection technique for detection of RSIV ,and KHV was established preliminarily ,which provided a foundation for further research on rapidly high throughout detection of other aquatic animal pathogens .
		2014 Vol. (3): 157-162 [Abstract] ( 70 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (847 KB) ( 167 )

	163	The Sperm Diluents of Large Yellow Croaker
		ZHANG Yi,HUANG Weiqing,HAN Kunhuang,LIU Zhaokun
		The effects of 4 diluents on sperm quality in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) were studied under room temperature and low temperature (4 ℃) .The results showed that the diluents showed better preservation under low temperature (4 ℃ ) than that under room temperature , especially the diluents containing glucose better than the one without glucose .Holtfreter solution had the best effect in all the four diluents ,and the maximum preservation time of over 22 hours under the low temperature , much longer than under the room temperature .The fertilization rate of 73 .3% was observed in the eggs fertilized by the sperm preserved in Holtfreter solution .
		2014 Vol. (3): 163-166 [Abstract] ( 64 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (624 KB) ( 351 )

	167	Dietary Niacin Requi rement of Juvenile Kunming Schizothoracin Schizothorax grahami
		ZHAO Haitao,ZHANG Luolin,DENG Yi,YIANG Yi,ZHANG Mei,LUO Changyi,CHEN Yongxiang
		Juvenile Kunming schizothoracin Schizothorax graham with initial body weight of (25 .97 ± 9 .29) g were randomly divided into 6 groups at a rate of 10 fish per group and fed diets containing niacin of 15 .5(control group) ,28 .671 ,38 .516 ,68 .685 ,81 .608 ,and 99 .568 mg/kg at a feeding rate of 2% -5%for 10 weeks .Condition factor ,weight gain rate ,specific growth rate ,and hepatopancreas index ,and intestinal index were measured to evaluate the optimal dietary requirement of niacin .The results showed that the specific growth rate and the weight gain rate were found to be first increased and then decreased with the increase in dietary nicotinic acid content , the maximum (144 .788% in weight gain , and 1 .24336% /d in specific growth rate ) in 38 .516 mg/kg group . The maximal condition factors and hepatopancreas indexes were observed in the 28 .617 and 38 .516 mg/kg groups ,significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0 .05) .In other groups ,however ,the hepatopancreas indexes were found significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0 .05) .There was survival rate of 100% in each group ,and the hemoglobin in each groups were no significant difference (P>0 .05) ,which is attributed to the fact that the nicotinic acid content in the control diet meets the normal demand .In this experiment ,the optimal dietary nicotinic acid level of juvenile Kunming schizothoracin is of 36 .83 mg/kg based on the specific grow th rate .
		2014 Vol. (3): 167-170 [Abstract] ( 60 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (663 KB) ( 429 )

	171	Isolation,Identification and Pathogenicity of a Pathogenic Bacterium from Largefin Longbarbel Catfish,Mystus macropterus Bleeker
		LI Chun-tao,YANG Xiu-ying,JIANG Zi-li
		Bacterial pathogen strain MM-A was isolated from largefin longbarbel catfish ( Mystus macropterus) , suffered from a kind of disease with typical head-ulcerative symptom . The bacterial pathogen strain MM-A was confirmed to be the causative agent of the epidemic by artificial infection test and the LD50 was about 5 .3 × 107 cfu/mL .According to physiological feature ,biochemical indexes and 16s rDNA sequence ,the MM-A was further proved to be Edwardsiella ictaluri .The comparison of 16S rDNA molecule in Enterobacteriaceae showed that the strain MM-A shared the highest level of similarity (99 .4% ) with that of the E .ictaluri ,and they had the same position in the molecular phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA sequence in Enterobacteriaceae .The drug susceptibility test revealed that the isolated strain MM-A was susceptible to oxyteracycline ,streptomicinum ,ofloxacin and other antibiotics ,lowly susceptible to tetracycline and other antibiotics and Chinese medicinal herbs including Terminalia chebula , and Fraxinus rhynchophylla .
		2014 Vol. (3): 171-174 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (660 KB) ( 203 )

	175	Cloning and Prokaryotic Expression of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) Gene from Streptococcus agalactiae in Tilapia
		LI Guihuan,WANG Bei,LU Yishan,TANG Jufen,HUANG Yucong,WU Zaohe,JIAN Jichang
		A pair of specific primers was designed and synthesized based on glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH) of tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae ZQ0910 published on GenBank .The GAPDH gene was amplified by PCR and then inserted into the pET-32a (+ ) vector to construct the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-32a-GAPDH . The recombinant GAPDH fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3 ) cells by the induction of isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG ) . Sequence analysis revealed that GAPDH gene contained 1011 bp and encoded 336 amino acids and the amino acid sequence of S .agalactiae ZQ0910 showed the highest identity to S .agalactiae 2603 V/R .The SDS-PAGE electrophoresis indicated that the optimal expression was observed under conditions of 0 .06 mmol/L IPTG ,at temperature of 37 ℃ ,and for 5 hours .The recombinant GAPDH fusion protein had 560μg/mL in concentration after purified using HisTrap HP column .The Western blot showed that the target protein had the similar molecular weight (36 .01 ku) to the theoretic molecular weight .The findings prove that a recombinant of prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a (+ )-GAPDH is constructed successfully and are expected to provide a basis for further studies on the immunogenecity of GAPDH and subunit vaccines preparation .
		2014 Vol. (3): 175-180 [Abstract] ( 59 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3001 KB) ( 271 )

	181	Mariculture Effluent Pretreatment Methods and Screening of Microalgae
		WANG Wei-wei,CHEN Shu-xiu,QIAN Rui,XU Ning-ning,SUN Juan,ZHANG Zhuang-zhi
		The growth was compared in algae Chlorella spp ., Dunaliella salina , Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Isochrysis zhanjiangensis cultivated in effluents from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) mariculture pretreated by different methods including heating ,ozone disinfection and sodium hypochlorite disinfection to screen microalgae for large-scale cultivation ,and to enhance the efficiency of mariculture effluent treatment and recirculating utilization . The results showed that Chlorella spp . showed good growth in the effluents unpretreated and pretreated by the three methods .The other three species of algae were found to grow well in the effluents pretreated by heating and sodium hypochlorite disinfection ,but P .tricornutum ,I .zhanjiangensis and D .salina soon settled or died due to plankton emergence in the ozone disinfection group .The four species microalgae had P removal rate of 76% -99% in the effluents , with the minimal N (nitrate) removal rate (only 28% -59% ) by I .z hanj iangensis .Sodium hypochlorite disinfection led to low N removal (28% -81% ) by the four species of microalgae ,but P removal rates were more than 95% in this group .In conclusion ,mariculture effluents disinfected by sodium hypochlorite is suitable for microalgae grow th , but affect nitrogen removal . According to biomass production and nutrient removal , Chlorella spp . would be good candidate for large-scale cultivation in mariculture effluent .
		2014 Vol. (3): 181-185 [Abstract] ( 100 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1543 KB) ( 570 )

	186	Fry and Juvenile Rearing of Fat Minnow Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski in an Earthen Pond
		LUO Xiao-nian,LI Jun,YANG Pei-min,JIN Guang-hai,LIU Yi-xin,LI Jing-wei,JIANG Xiang-hui
		Experiments on fry and juvenile rearing were conducted in Fengcheng city and Panjin city in Liaoning Province to optimize the fish breeding technology for fat minnow Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski summerlings ,and yearlings .A total of 121 thousand fry were cultured in a 0 .27 hm2 pond with high rotifer density for 30 days ,and 79 thousand summerlings with average total body length of 37 .90 mm and body weight of 0 .51 g were obtained ,with body length increment of 5 .6 times ,body weight gain of 510 times ,and survival rate of 65% .A total of 80 thousand summerlings with total body length of 4 .5 cm were cultured in a 0 .19 hm2 pond for 110 days ,and 76 .8 thousand yearlings with average total body length of 10 .46 cm and body weight of 17 .76 g (the maximum body weight 20 g) were harvested at a rate of 7306 .5 kg per hm2 pond ,with body length increment of 2 .3 times ,body weight gain of 22 .2 times ,and survival rate of 96% ,and feed conversion ratio of 1 .6 .The findings suggest that the fry and juveniles of fat minnow can be cultured in an earthen pond .
		2014 Vol. (3): 186-189 [Abstract] ( 71 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (679 KB) ( 342 )

	190	Research Progress of Application of Dietary Chinese Herbal Medicine Additives in Fish：A Review
		CHEN Liting,Huan Zhili,WANG Xiaoqing,XIAO Guangming,HU Yi,QIN Qin,WANG Luming

		2014 Vol. (3): 190-194 [Abstract] ( 79 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (645 KB) ( 1442 )

	195	The G-Type and C-Type Lysozymes in Fish and Application in Fisheries
		WANG Meijuan,LIU Dandan,QIAO Dan,ZHANG Hongxu,KONG Xianghui

		2014 Vol. (3): 195-200 [Abstract] ( 59 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (660 KB) ( 454 )