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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2016 Vol. 35, No. 5 Published: 2016-05-25

Article

	459	Effects of Hypoxia on Physiological Status of Siberian Sturgeon Acipenser baeri Juveniles
		WANG Xiaowen,ZHU Hua,HU Hongxia,MA Guoqing
		Effects of acute hypoxia stress and drastic changes in dissolved oxygen levels from 18 .5 mg/L to 2 .8 mg/L then recovery to 7 mg/L on blood parameters ,antioxidant and metabolism were studied in Sibe‐rian sturgeon Acipenser baeri with body weight of (19 .46 ± 4 .9) g .Erythrocyte count ,total hemoglobin concentration ,activities of antioxidant enzymes in livers and muscle ,and activities of Na+ /K+‐A T Pase in gills were measured in the experiment .The results showed that erythrocytic number was elevated ,while hemoglobin concentration and pH of whole blood under hypoxia stress were lower than those in the control group .Hypoxia stress also depressed the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) ,catalase (CAT ) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in juvenile sturgeon .Nevertheless ,there were no obvious changes in the ac‐tivities of Na+ /K+‐A T Pase in gills of Siberian sturgeon juveniles .Based on the results above ,it is sugges‐ted that hypoxia stress could easily lead to the enhancement of erythrocyte amount ,also reduce the activi‐ties of antioxidant and metabolism enzymes in livers or muscle of the juveniles .However ,sturgeon juven‐iles could not achieve energy adjustment in gills itself within a short time .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 459-465 [Abstract] ( 76 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1627 KB) ( 590 )

	466	Effects of Morphometric Traits on Body Weight in Different Groups of Pacific White Leg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
		LIU Hong,HAO Min,KONG Dandan,DAI Xilin,CAI Shengli
		One‐way ANOVA ,path analysis ,and multiple regression analysis were applied to analyze 24 morphometric traits including carapace length (L1 ) ,length of the first to sixth abdominal segment (L2 —L7 ) ,telson length (L8 ) ,body length(L9 ) ,total length(L10 ) ,carapace width (W1 ) ,width of the first to sixth abdominal segment (W2 —W7 ) ,carapace height (H1 ) ,and height of the first to sixth abdominal seg‐ment (H2 — H7 ) to distinguish the morphological variation in 4 groups ,V101 ,OS ,NS ,and G2 ,of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and to find the main morhometric traits significant affecting body weight(m) .The results showed that there were significantly morphological variation in the morphometric traits in the 4 different groups (P<0 .05) ,with slender type in V101 and G2 and high fat type in OS and NS .The correlation analysis ,path analysis and degree of determination analysis revealed that carapace length and carapace height had positive effects on body weight and that the second pleopod height had a negative effect on body weight in V101 .In OS ,the body length ,the second pleopod length and carapace width were found to be positive and the sixth pleopod length negative .For NS ,carapace length and the sixth pleopod height were positive ,but carapace width was negative .For G2 ,carapace length and total length were positive ,but body length was negative .The 4 regression equations between body weight and morphometric traits were expressed at very significant level (P<0 .01) and all the multiple correlation in‐dices were greater than 0 .85 ,indicating that the major morphometric traits affecting body weight are found .The findings indicate that the major morphometric traits affecting body weight were different in the 4 groups ,and that morphometric traits for selection should be considered at different populations .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 466-472 [Abstract] ( 81 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (818 KB) ( 195 )

	473	Distribution Characteristics of Zooplankton Community in Artificial Reef Area in Zhangzi Island
		ZHANG Haoyu,LIU Hanchao,LIU Yonghu,TIAN Tao,CHEN Yong,YANG Jun
		T he zooplankton species composition ,dominant species ,biomass ,abundance distribution ,and species di‐versity were studied in artificial reef area of Zhangzi Island in Dalian based on the data surveyed in June and Octorb‐er of 2014 and 2015 .The results showed that 29 zooplankton species were identified during the survey ,most being offshore lower‐salinity group ,wide temperature salinity group and offshore lower‐temperature group .In total ,16 species w ere observed in June of 2014 ,12 species in October of 2014 ,28 species in June of 2015 ,and 24 species in October of 2015 .There were 9 dominant species ,almost the Arthropod ,and the main dominant species were Cala‐nus sinicus ,Copepodite larvae ,and Oithona similes .The distribution of biomass and abundance of zooplankton were consistent basically ,and correlated with both water temperature and salinity .Community cluster analysis in‐dicated that in October and June of 2014 and in June of 2015 ,the zooplankton was divided into 4 cluster groups , and 3 cluster groups in October of 2015 .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 473-479 [Abstract] ( 128 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1528 KB) ( 321 )

	480	Acute Toxicity of Six Conventional Drugs in Aquaculture to Golden Pompano Trachinotus ovatus
		LUO Xiaoyan,YANG Xiaoli,LI Zufu,HUANG Jianrong
		Acute toxicity of strong glutaral solution ,sodium periodate ,bromochlorohydantoin ,sodium hy‐pochlorite ,benzalkonium bromide and trichloroisocyanurie acid to golden pompano T rachinotus ov atus with body weight of (4 .3 ± 0 .5) g ,were studied in seawater filtered by sand ,at a pH of 8 .02—8 .37 ,dis‐solved oxygen level of above 6 .0 mg/L ,a salinity of 20—24 and water temperature of (29 .0 ± 2 .0) ℃ u‐sing 96 h static bioassay test .The results showed that the 24 h LC50 was 3 .519 mg/L in trichloroisocyanu‐rie acid ,14 .166 mg/L in strong glutaral solution ,0 .092 mg/L in sodium periodate ,6 .448 mg/L in bromo‐chlorhydantoin .2 .156 μL/L in sodium hypochlorite ,and 9 .806 μL/L in benzalkonium bromide ;The 96 h LC50 was 3 .434 mg/L ,12 .936 mg/L ,0 .083 mg/L ,and 6 .150 mg/L ,1 .981 μL/L ,8 .756 μL/L ;with the safe concentration of 0 .981 mg/L ,4 .018 mg/L ,0 .025 mg/L ,1 .812 mg/L ,0 .529 μL/L ,and 2 .666 μL/L .T he findings indicate that trichloroisocyanuric acid ,strong glutaral solution and bromochlorohydantoin are used safely in prodution ,but sodium periodate ,sodium hypochlorite ,benzalkonium bromide should be used caref ully .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 480-485 [Abstract] ( 147 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (806 KB) ( 376 )

	486	Effects of Replacing Fish Meal with Poultry By-product Meal on Growth Performance and Body Composition of Juvenile Turbot Scophthalmus maximus
		LI Zongsheng,WU Lixin,LI Simeng,PENG Bowen,ZHAO Bowen
		A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of poultry by‐product meal (PBM ) as the replace‐ment of fish meal in the diets on the growth performance ,body composition of juvenile turbot Scophthal‐mus maximus .One hundred and eighty juvenile turbot with initial body weight of (22 .82 ± 0 .08) g were randomly divided into five groups with three replicates in each group and twelve fish per replicate .During the feeding trial ,fish in five groups were fed one of five experimental diets ,randomly .The results showed that (1) there were significant differences in grow th performance among all treatments fed the experimen‐tal diets (P<0 .05) .(2) There were no significant differences (P>0 .05) in whole‐body proximate com‐position among the treatments fed PBM replacement of fish meal except crude fat w hich significantly de‐creased (P<0 .05) compare with the control group .(3) There were significant differences in liver alanine aminotransferase (ALT) when 80% of fish meal was replaced comparing with control group (P<0 .05) , while the liver glutamic‐oxalacetic tranferase (AST) was significantly affected when fish meal was replaced by 20% of PBM .The serum AST and ALT were significantly affected when fish meal was replaced by 40% of PBM .A significant reduction in apparent digestibility coefficients was observed when PBM was used as partial substitute of fish meal protein (P<0 .05) .The findings indicate that 20% of fish meal can be replaced by PBM without reduction in grow th performance .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 486-491 [Abstract] ( 81 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (814 KB) ( 397 )

	492	Effect of Cy rtomium rhizome,Angelica sinensis,and Astragalus on Blood Antioxidant Parameters in Half-smooth Tongue-sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)
		GE Jing,GUO Yongjun,WANG Qingkui,XU Dawei,SUN Xueliang,CHEN Chengxun,XING Kezhi
		A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate effect of Cyrtomium rhizome ,Angelicasinensis ,and Astrag‐alus on blood parameters including activities of total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD) ,total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) ,and catalase (CAT ) ,and levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) ,triglyceride (TG) ,and total cholesterol (T‐CHO) in half‐smooth tongue‐sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) .Juvenile half‐smooth tongue‐sole with body weight of (95 .45 ± 5 .29) g were reared in tanks of each 78 cm × 58 cm × 46 cm at a rate of 20 fish/tank and fed diets contai‐ning C .rhizome ,A .sinensis ,or Astragalus at different doses of 0 g/kg diet ,5 g/kg diet ,10 g/kg diet ,and 15 g/kg diet for 21 days with triplication at water temperature of (21 ± 1) ℃ and a salinity of 20 ± 1 .The activities of T‐SOD ,T‐AOC ,and CAT ,and levels of MDA ,TG ,and T‐CHO were detected in blood of the half‐smooth tongue‐sole in 7 days ,14 days and 21 days during the rearing period .It was found that the fish fed the diet supple‐mented with C .rhizome at a dose of 15 g/kg diet had significantly higher T‐SOD activity than the fish fed the con‐trol diet in 14 days ,and had significantly lower MDA content than the fish fed the control group in 14 and 21 days (P<0 .05) .The maximal T‐SOD activity was observed in the fish fed the diet supplemented with A .sinensis at a dose of 5 g/kg diet in 14 days .There were significantly lower MDA content in the fish fed the diet supplemented with A .sinensis at a rate of 10 g/kg diet than in the fish in the control group in 21 days (P<0 .05) .Diet supple‐mented with A stragalus at a dose of 5 g/kg diet resulted in significantly higher T‐SOD activity and significantly lower CAT activity in 21 days compared to the control diet (P<0 .05) .There was significantly higher T‐AOC ac‐tivity in the fish fed the diet containing different doses of Astragalus in 7 days .The findings indicated that C .rhi‐zome ,A .sinensis ,and Astragalus supplementation affected to some extent on blood antioxidant parameters in half‐smooth tongue‐sole .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 492-497 [Abstract] ( 69 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (819 KB) ( 371 )

	498	Effects of Dietary Green Laver Enteromorpha proli fera on Growth,Activity of Digestive Enzymes and Immunity in Sea Cucumber Apostichopus j aponicus
		YANG Ning,GUO Zhongshuai,WANG Zhengli
		A 6‐week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary green laver Entero‐mopha prolifera on growth ,activities of digestive enzymes and immunity in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with initial body weight of (4 .09 ± 0 .26) g .The sea cucumber juveniles were reared in 15 tanks of each 100 L in volume with recycling water and fed the diets containing 0% ,3% ,6% ,9% and 12% of green laver powder at water temperature of 17—18 ℃ and a salinity of 30 .The specific growth rate ,and activities of digestive enzymes including protease ,amylase ,cellulase ,and alginase and immune enzymes including lysozyme ,acid phosphatase ,alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase were analyzed 7 , 14 ,28 and 42 days after the sea cucumber were fed different diets .The results showed that there were sig‐nificantly increase in specific grow th rate in the sea cucumber fed the diets supplemented with 6% and 9%green laver on the days 14 ,28 and 42 (P<0 .05) ,without significant differences among other groups com‐pared with control group (P>0 .05) .Compared with the control group ,there were significantly higher ac‐tivities of the digestive enzymes in the sea cucumber fed the diets containing 6% and 9% of green laver (P<0 .05) ,the maximum in the sea cucumber fed the diets containing 6% of green laver (P<0 .05) .The sea cucumber fed the diet supplemented with 6% of green laver had significantly higher activities of lysozyme , acid phosphatase and superoxide dismutase than the juveniles in other groups (P<0 .05) .It is concluded that dietary green laver leads to significant increase in specific grow th ,activities of digestive enzymes and immunity of sea cucumber ,with the optimal supplementation of 6% —9% under the present experimental conditions .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 498-503 [Abstract] ( 98 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (6320 KB) ( 203 )

	504	Influences of Salinity Stress on Energy Metabolism in Blood Clam Tegillarca granosa
		JI Dewei,CHEN Chen,LI Tingting,LIU Weicheng,ZENG Guoquan,CHAI Xueliang
		Influences of salinity on feeding ,metabolic physiology ,carbon budget and energy metabolism were studied in blood clam Tegillarca granosa with shell length of 27—28 mm exposed to a salinity of 11 , 14 .5 ,18 ,21 .5 ,25 and 28 .5 in a recirculating system for 24 hours at water temperature of (26 .4 ± 0 .79)℃ .The results showed that the filtration rate ,ingestion rate ,absorption rate and O∶N were increased at first and then decreased ,and the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate decreased at first and then increased with the increasing salinity ,with the extreme value at the salinity from 18 to 21 .5(P<0 .05) ,and without significant differences in oxygen consumption rate ,ammonia excretion rate and O ∶N within the experimental salinity (P>0 .05) .The findings indicated that metabolic energy of the shellfish was primarily provided by fat and carbohydrates ,and that the blood clam had the energy budge equation of 100C=26 .12F+30 .75R+5 .78U+37 .35P at a salinity of 18 ,and of 100C=25 .06F+32 .03R+5 .15U+37 .76P at a salinity of 21 .5 ,which salinity from 18 to 21 .5 is of the optimal salinity range for growth in blood clam .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 504-509 [Abstract] ( 105 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1235 KB) ( 611 )

	510	Establishment,Family Growth and Development in Zhangzidao Hong Strain of Yesso Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis
		SUN Xin,LIANG Jun,ZHAO Xuewei
		A total of 12 half‐sib families(A ,B ,C? ?L) and 36 full‐sib families(A1 ,A2 ,A3 ,B1 ,B2 ,B3 , C1 ,C2 ,C3 ,? ?L1 ,L2 ,L3 )were generated from the parents chosen from Gold Shellfish Square using a method of unbanlanced nest design to assess the phenotypic characters of Zhangzidao Hong strain of yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis ,in which the comparison of the growth and survival rate was performed at larval and juvenile stages in different families .The results showed that larvae in Family K3 had the best grow th in shell length at 5 days ,9 .40% higher than those in Family G3 ,significantly higher than that in Family A3 with the poorest growth .At 11 days ,Family I1 had better growth ,with shell length of 164 .83μm ;at 25 days there was the maximal shell length in Families C3 and D3 ,about 17 .71% higher than the av‐erage value of shell length .In juvenile stage ,at 120 days ,there was the maximal shell height in Family D2 ,about 40 .41% higher than those in Families C1 and D1 with the minimal shell heigh .At 180 days ,the best growth was observed in Family D2 ,about 38 .96% higher than that in Famil H1 (18 .3 mm) .The highest survival rate was observed in Family I1 at the larval stage ,17 .67% higher than that in Family D1 . At the juvenile stage ,however ,the highest survival rate was observed in Family F2 ,significant higher than in the others(P<0 .05 ,n=108) .The comprehensive comparison among all the 36 families revealed that the scallop in Family D2 and Family I1 had better grow th and survival ,indicating that they can be used as a fine variety of breeding materials .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 510-515 [Abstract] ( 93 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (7447 KB) ( 103 )

	516	Effects of Unilateral Eyestalk Ablation on Ovary Development and Spawning of Cultured Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon with Different Body Weight
		YANG Qibin,QIU Lihua,HUANG Jianhua,ZHOU Falin,WEN Weigeng
		The effects of unilateral eyestalk ablation on ovary development and spawning were studied in cultured tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon with body weight from 56 .4 g to 105 .4 g in 4 trials to evaluate the relationship between ovary development and spawning and body weight of cultured tiger shrimp .The re‐sults showed that ovary maturation of cultured tiger shrimp was induced by unilateral eyestalk ablation , with maturation success rate (% ) ,significantly related to the body weight of female logarithmically (P<0 .05):y=133 .92lnx-535 .63(r2 =0 .9297) .The smaller female was ,the lower maturation success rate was .The tiger shrimp females with eyestalk ablated spawned as early as the 10th day after ablation ,some females spawning repeatedly .The fecundity was found to be significantly positively related to the body weight of female logarithmically (P<0 .05):y=122 .22ln x-472 .2(r2 =0 .9738) ,the smaller the female was ,the less egg production was .The accumulative mortality of female ,egg diameter and hatching rate were not significantly related to the body weight of female .The cultured tiger shrimp females with body weight of ≥80 .0 g is recommended for broodstock .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 516-521 [Abstract] ( 86 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (4962 KB) ( 231 )

	522	Comparison of Nutritional Composition in Eggs between Wild and Cultured Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus f ulvidraco
		LIANG Li,GUI Qingping,RAN Hui,JIANG Zuoyu,YAO Junjie
		The contents and compositions of amino acids and fatty acids were analysed in eggs of wild col‐lected and cultured yellow catfish Pelteobagrus f ulvidraco in basin of Yangtuo River ,a tributary to Jin‐jiang River of Tongren ,Guizhou Province ,by a biochemical method and gas chromatography .The results showed that there were significantly lower total contents of amino acids ,essential amino acids and delicious amino acids in the eggs of wild yellow catfish than those in the cultured one (P<0 .05) ,with the first lim‐iting amino acids Met+Cys ,and essential amino acid indices of 55 .60 and 59 .12 ,respectively .The total saturated fatty acids were shown to be very significantly higher in the eggs of wild yellow catfish than those in the eggs of cultured one(P<0 .01) ,without significant difference in monounsaturated fatty acids between wild and cultured yellow catfish (P>0 .05) ,significantly lower polyunsaturated fatty acids in the eggs of wild yellow catfish than those in the cultured one (P<0 .01) .However ,there were very signifi‐cantly higher contents of eicosapentaenoic acid and the total docosahexaenoic acid in the eggs of wild yellow catfish than those in the cultured one(P<0 .01) ,with the ratio of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids = 1 .57 in the eggs of wild yellow catfish and the ratio of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids = 1 .80 in cultured yellow catfish .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 522-527 [Abstract] ( 139 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (808 KB) ( 348 )

	528	Growth Trait and Genetic Diversity in the F1 Progeny of Dark Sleeper Odontobutis potamophila from Three Different Populations
		WANG Peipei,DING Yandong,YU Xingda,JIA Xiuqi,ZHANG Guosong,YIN Shaowu,CHEN Shuqiao,ZHOU Guoqin
		We chosed three different populations of dark sleeper Odontobutis potamop hila from Jiande , Dangtu and Taihu and mated by using 3 × 3 full diallel crossing .The growth traits and genetic diversity about the F1 offspring of nine combinations were compared and F1 progeny′s growth traits were evaluated in 2 months and 4 months .The length growth rate and the weight gain rate of the Jiande (♂) × Dangtu (♀) combination were shown to be 42 .58% and 190 .79% .The overall length heterosis ratio and the weight heterosis ratio of Jiande × Dangtu (cross and reciprocal cross ) combination were 17 .88% and 66 .75% ,higher than those in other combinations .There were higer length growth rate ,the weight gain rate and the heterosis rate in F1 progeny from different geographic populations than those in the same geo‐graphical population of the self‐reproducing F1 offspring .Subsequently ,the average value (0 .195) of hy‐brid progeny genetic differentiation index (Fst) was figured out by using eight microsatellite loci ,indica‐ting that there were genetic differences and the differentiation of nine combinations existed in offspring . The nine combinations of expected heterozygosity (He) were ranged from 0 .1493 to 0 .7971 and the ob‐served heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0 .1562 to 1 .0000 .The heterozygosity and the genetic diversity of hybrid progeny were higher than those of self‐reproducing progeny and the alleles (A) .The polymorphism information content (PIC) value of Jiande (♂) × Dangtu (♀) combination were 3 .9 and 0 .486 ,higher than other combinations .To synthesize the growth performance and the genetic diversity ,we suggest that determination of grow th and genetic diversity of the Jiande (♂) × Dangtu (♀ ) be the preliminary best combination of cross breeding .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 528-534 [Abstract] ( 105 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (844 KB) ( 417 )

	535	Screening of Specimen Preparation and Fixatives of Manila Clam Ruditapes philip pinarum Haemocytes for Transmission Electron Microscopy
		LIU Jing,YUAN Yuqing
		Fixation is the key step of the specimen preparation for transmission electron microscopy .The aim of this paper is to investigate and compare the influence of 5 different fixatives on the ultrastructure al‐terations of haemocytes in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum using transmission electron microscope in order to find the proper fixative for Manila clam .The results showed that fixative affected the haemo‐cyte ultrastructure directly .The haemocytes were swelled in 2 .5% and 5% glutaraldehyde groups ,the higher in 2 .5% glutaraldehyde groups than in 5% glutaraldehyde fixative treatments ,and higher swollen in the haemocytes mitochondria than in the other organelles .No organelles swelling was found in isotonic fixative treatments ,while the inner structures of the haemocytes were not preserved very well in 5% glut‐araldehyde fixative with 7% saccharose groups and 4% paraformaldehyde‐2 .5% glutaraldehyde fixative treatments ,especially the endomembrane system .In 2% paraformaldehyde‐2 .5% glutaraldehyde fixative treatments ,the haemocytes had better ultrastructure than in other groups ,with clear outer membrane structure of haemocytes .The cytoplasmic matrix was rich and evenly distributed ,as well the ultrastruc‐ture of the organelles such as mitochondria ,endoplasmic reticulum ,Golgi apparatus and the nucleus were better preserved .From this study we can concluded that the hypotonic fixative could cause haemocytes swelling and that the mitochondria are more sensitive to the fixative osmotic pressure than other organ‐elles .Raised fixative concentration reduces the cell swelling degree ,but the high fixative concentration is not benefit to the haemocytes ultrastructure .Thus the suitable fixative is the foundation of the cell ultra‐structure preservation .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 535-540 [Abstract] ( 77 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (9719 KB) ( 118 )

	541	Effects of Reactor Orientation and Different Light Path on Biomass Productivity of Microalga Nannochloropsis oculata in Outdoor Massculture
		GENG Jinfeng,ZHANG Huimin,SHI Lei,MA Xinxin,CHEN Yanping,LIU Minsheng
		Outdoor culture of microalga Nannochloropsis oculata was studied(Dalad Banner ,Nei Mongol Automous Region ,40° N ,110° E) by a vertical flat‐plate photobioreactor .Comparison of the productivity of the photobioreactors with difference light path (9 ,10 ,13 cm and 17 cm) ,the maximal productivity of the reactor was observed under light‐path length of 13 cm .The effect of direction of the bioreactor installa‐tion on the areal productivity was studied in the photobioreactor with light‐path length of 13 cm during the summer .The period average productivity of the reactor surface facing to the east or west was 3% —14%higher than that facing the south or north .A simulation calculation method was also established to opti‐mize the installation factors (the facing direction and distance between the reactors ) according to the region condition ,aiming to obtain high productivity .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 541-546 [Abstract] ( 70 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (6984 KB) ( 165 )

	547	Comparative Growth Traits in Different Families of Juvenile Chinese Mitten Handed Crab, Eriocheir sinensis,Cultured in Net Cages Disposed in Ricefields and in an Indoor Tank
		HU Qingbiao,LI Xiaodong,JIANG Yusheng,SI Yongguo,ZHENG Yan,SUN Na
		Megalopa larvae of A ,B and C families of Chinese mitten handed crab (Eriochier sinensis) were reared in a 40 m2 net cage (6 .50 m × 6 .15 m) at a stocking density of 2500 individuals per cage in early June of 2015 .Some of the juveniles were randomly sampled from the net cages and comparatively reared in an indoor 300 L tanks at a stocking density of 30 individuals per tank later July of 2015 .Carapace width ,car‐apace length and body weight reared in the juveniles in the ricefields and in an indoor tank were measured in a some 15 day interval from August to October in 2015 ,and the data above were analyzed by multiple a‐nalysis of variance and repeated measures analysis of variances from environmental factor ,family factor and the growth traits .The results showed that there was no significant influence of rearing environmental factor on the grow th traits in the crab juveniles in family A (P>0 .05) ,with very significant influence on those in family B(P<0 .01) ,and significant influence on those in family C (P<0 .05) except for at the be‐ginning period of growth(P>0 .05) ,indicating that the juveniles in family A had a certain environmental adaptability .Meanwhlie ,family factor was found to have significant effects on growth traits of the crab ju‐veniles in different periods(P<0 .05) ,which shows that heredity plays an important role in the growth of crab juveniles .The correlation analysis of rearing environments revealed that there was very significant positive correlation between growth traits (carapace width and carapace length) and rearing environment , with correlation coefficients of 0 .314 and 0 .305(P<0 .01) ,and no significant correlation with the body weight (r=0 .146 ,P>0 .05) .The findings indicate that the offspring will have a certain adaptation when carapace width and carapace length are chosen as selection indices in two different rearing environments .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 547-551 [Abstract] ( 134 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (972 KB) ( 368 )

	552	Pathogen and Treatment of “Reverse Back Syndrome”of Whelk Babylonia areolata
		ZHAO Wang,WU Kaichang,WANG Jiangyong,LING Hui,YANG Rui,CEN Xiaoyong,YE Le
		The pathogens of “reverse back syndrome”of whelk Babylonia areolata in Hainan were isolated and identificated ,and drug sensitivity and treatment were tested .The results showed that the pathogen is Vibrio harveyi ,which is sensitive to quinolones and sulfonamides ,and resistant to penicillin and amoxicil‐lin .Drug treatment test indicated that the final survival rates of the w helk treated by norfloxacin ,com‐pound sulfamethoxazole ,benzalkonium and bromide and of the animals in the control group were 39 .05% , 32 .38% ,29 .52% and 14 .29% ,respectively .The efficacy of norfloxacin is better ,and it can be used to treat “reverse back syndrome” in the w helk .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 552-556 [Abstract] ( 86 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (4546 KB) ( 412 )

	557	Correlation Analysis of Morphometric Traits on Body Weight of Spotted Maigre Nibea albi f lora at Different Growth Stages
		HUANG Weiqing,YU Zuojian
		The correlation analysis and path anlysis were used to study the effects of morphometric traits on body weight in spotted maigre Nibea albif lora at different stages of 2‐month‐old individuals and 18‐month‐old individuals .The results showed that the maximal variable coefficient of the body weight was observed at different stages ;especially in body length of 2‐month‐old (0 .576 ) and body height of 18‐month‐old (0 .558) .The total length and body length of 2‐month‐old (0 .4250) and body heigth(0 .3114)of the 18‐month‐old fish were the major trait correlated with the body weight .Through stepwise regression analysis method and partial regression coefficient significance test ,we established the quality as the de‐pendent variable .The optimal linear regression equation of 2‐month‐old spotted maigre :y= -0 .964+0 .724 x4 +0 .289 x1 (r2 =0 .957);the optimal linear regression equation of 18‐month‐old spotted maigre :y=-600 .412+54 .162x7 +18 .03x1 (r2 =0 .943);in the two stage select breeding of spotted maigre ,we can focus on body length and body height traits in selective breeding ,and indirect selective breeding of the body quality ,to ensure the effect of selective breeding .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 557-561 [Abstract] ( 88 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (802 KB) ( 299 )

	562	Bioinformatics and Microsatellite Sequences Analysis of EST Sequence in Ridge Tail Shrimp Exopalaemon carinicauda
		DUAN Yafei,ZHANG Zhe,LI Jitao,LI Jian,LIU Ping
		The analysis of bioinformatics and microsatellite sequences characteristics of expressed sequence tag (EST) sequence were studied ,basing on the hemocyte cDNA library of ridge tail shrimp Exopalaemon carinicauda constructed by our laboratory .The 1053 unique sequences were yielded from 2853 high quality ESTs ,including 329 contigs and 724 singletons .BLAST analysis revealed 593 (56 .3% ) of the unique se‐quences as orthologs of genes from other organisms ,22 (2 .1% ) of which were hypothetical protein ,and the remaining 438 (41 .6% ) had no homology to any sequences .Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Ge‐nomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that 181 of the unique sequences mapped to 120 of metabolic pathways . A total of 416 (14 .58% ) of the microsatellite repeat sequences were found using EST‐SSR analysis .In the 416 repeat sequences ,most was dinucleotide with repeats of 374 (89 .90% ) ,followed by trinucleotide with repeats of 35 (8 .41% ) ,and the third tetranucleotide with repeats of 7 (1 .68% ) .The most common repeat types were AG ,AAT and AAGT repeat .The findings provide important information for screening the functional gene resource and molecular markers in ridge tail shrimp .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 562-567 [Abstract] ( 107 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1211 KB) ( 243 )

	568	Breeding of Agamaki Clam Sinonovacula constricta in Flowing Water
		LI Lianxing,LI Hao,SHEN Heding,DU Wenjun
		In order to explore influence of water condition and different water‐change operations on initial breeding stage of Agamaki clam Sinonov acula constricta , relevant tests were implemented in Sanmen Donghang aquaculture farms in September 2015 .Mesh cloth and water inlet and outlet switch were set in test barrel X(Number :1 ,2 ,3* ,4* ,5* ,6* ) for flowing velocity control ,and the comparative test barrels Y (Number :7 ,8) were not set with mesh cloth and pool water‐change operation ,at water temperature of 26—27 .5 ℃ ,pH 8 .0—8 .2 ,salinity 13 ,and illuminance of less than 1000 lx .The results showed that for non‐flowing breeding ,increasing water‐change amount and the setting of mesh cloth to reduce mechanical damage led to significant increase in survival rate of Agamaki clam larvae ,and did not lead to significant effect on hatching and growth or metamorphosis .For flowing breeding ,when water‐change amount was gradually increased ,fertility rate of Agamaki clam eggs was to some extent decreased hatching rate of fer‐tilized ovum decreased after certain increase ,significant difference in D‐type larva size and juveniles .The clam had poor grow th and low survival in the middle and late periods of test ,compared with shell length and survival rate data in non‐flow barrels .When the flowing rate was decreased ,there was no significant difference in shell length ,with significant increase in survival rate .The findings indicate that the proper a‐mount of flow water breeding and no pool water‐change operation can significantly improve the larva hatch ,metamorphosis rate ,survival rate ,without significant effect on the time of metamorphosis and ju‐venile size .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 568-572 [Abstract] ( 96 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2705 KB) ( 353 )

	573	Effects of Different Diets on Growth of Shot Arm Octopus Octopus ocellatus
		ZHU Wenbo,SUN Yuzhong,ZHAO Hongyuan,YU Meibo,GUO Jianjun,LI Da
		A 28‐d feeding trial was conducted to access the effects of three diets including Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) ,razor clam (Sinonovacula constrzcta) and crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) on food intake ,weight gain ,specific growth rate and food conversion efficiency in short arm octopus (Oc‐topus ocellatus) with initial body weight of (34 .82 ± 3 .79) g .The octopus were reared in a 500 mL plastic bottle disposed in a tank of 4 .1 m × 6 .6 m × 1 .4 m at a rate of one individual per bottle and randomly as‐signed to 3 groups ,each of which was fed one of the three diets with 6 replicates at water temperature of 23 .6—25 .8 ℃ and a salinity of 28—30 for 28 days .It was found that the short arm octopus had 100% of survival in all treatment groups .However ,there were significantly higher specific growth rate (1 .67% /d) and food conversion efficiency (33 .46% ) in the octopus fed crab H .Sanguineus than those in the octopus fed razor clam (1 .33% /d and 14 .01% ) and Manila clam (1 .31% /d and 19 .57% ) ,indicating that crab was the best diet for short arm octopus culture .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 573-577 [Abstract] ( 107 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3218 KB) ( 300 )

	578	Safety Levels of Three Heavy Metals in Clam Scapharca broughtonii Culturing Water
		LI Xiao,WANG Ying,WU Zhihong,LIU Tianhong,SUN Yuanqin
		The bio‐concentration and elimination of As ,Cd and Pb in the tissue of clam Scapharcabrough‐tonii were investigated in double‐boxes kinetic model in order to provide reference for aquaculture practices safety levels .A semi‐static system was maintained throughout a 35‐day exposure period in different con‐centrations of heavy metals .The aquaculture water concentrations of heavy metals were set according to the national second‐class seawater standard (GB 3097—1997) ,removing the background values in natural seawater .Then ,the test organism was transferred to clean seawater for a elimination period of 35 days . The results showed that the bio‐concentration factor (BCF) was 38 .97 for inorganic arsenic ,1029 .88 for Pb and 568 .80 for Cd .The accumulation ability order was expressed as Cd> Pb>inorganic arsenic .And the biological half‐life (B1/2 ) was 20 .5 d for inorganic arsenic ,15 .4 d for Pb and 21 .3 d for cd .In this study ,under the national second‐class seawater standard (GB 3097—1997) ,the maximal content of heavy metals in the tissue of the clam was inorganic arsenic 1 .9671 mg/kg ,Pb 2 .5946 mg/kg and Cd 7 .2222 mg/kg .Combined with the safe limit of NY 5135—2005 ,three kinds of heavy metal safety limited converted from BCF :0 .02900 mg/L in inorganic arsenic ,0 .00096 mg/L in Pb ,0 .00064 mg/L in Cd .T he findings can provide scientific basis for the safety limits of the culture water quality .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 578-582 [Abstract] ( 79 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (979 KB) ( 558 )

	583	Comparison of Immune Factors of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Three Ecological Environments
		TU Chenling,CHEN Huihui,WU Libin,YU Huijuan,HUANG Yongchun
		The effects of three ecological environments on immune factors were evaluated in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) .The Nile tilapia (body weight 200—500 g) were randomly selected as research materials from three ecological environment ,namely seawater ponds (a salinity of 28) ,freshwater ponds and reservoirs .The biochemical method was used to determine the activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) ,acid phosphatase (ACP) ,peroxidase (POD) ,and glutathione reductase (GR) and protein con‐centrations in serum of Nile tilapia from three ecological environments .The results showed that there were no significant differences in the activities of AKP and ACP for individuals in the three ecological environ‐ments (P > 0 .05) .The activities of POD and GR and protein concentrations were significant differences (P < 0 .05) ,with the order as reservoirs > seawater ponds > freshwater ponds .The Nile tilapia in res‐ervoirs has high activity of phosphatase in serum .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 583-586 [Abstract] ( 79 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (967 KB) ( 246 )

	587	Establishment of Duplex PCR for Detection of Aeromonas veronii and Acinetobacter baumannii from Turtles
		DING Li,DAI Xiaomei,FANG Zhenhua,WANG Jichao,SHI Haitao
		In this study ,a duplex PCR (dPCR) was established and optimized to detect pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas veronii and Acinetobacter baumannii simultaneously in turtles ,and two sets of specific primers were designed for development of the duplex PCR .After optimization of PCR components and reaction profile ,a duplex PCR method was established .The results showed that the assay is highly specific to A . veronii and A .baumannii ,and no‐target pathogens were detected with the minimum detectable nucleic acid concentration of 1 .75 × 10‐3 ng/μL in A .veronii and 3 .96 × 10‐3 ng/μL in A .baumannii ,more sensi‐tive than conventional methods . T he duplex PCR established in this study is specific and sensitive ,and will be useful for clinical detection and identification of A .veronii and A .baumannii .
		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 587-590 [Abstract] ( 78 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1029 KB) ( 246 )

	591	Responses of Antioxidant Defenses to Hypoxia in Freshwater Fish
		ZHAO Yanjing,DI Guilan,JIANG Xinyu,LI Hui,KONG Xianghui

		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 591-596 [Abstract] ( 79 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (813 KB) ( 565 )

	597	Research Progress on Chromosome in Family Haliotidae
		GUO Zhansheng,HOU Xuguang

		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 597-602 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (807 KB) ( 332 )

	603	Muscle Atrophy and Growth Induced by Molting in Crustacean：a Review
		TIAN Zhihuan,JIAO Chuanzhen

		2016 Vol. 35 (5): 603-606 [Abstract] ( 71 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (785 KB) ( 522 )