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  • 月刊，1984年创刊
    主 管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
    主 办：包头医学院
    主 编：赵云山
    特邀主编：高长青
    编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
    国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
    国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
    邮发代号：16-292
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2025 Vol. 44, No. 1
Published: 2025-01-25
Research and Application
Overview and Specific Topi
 
       Research and Application
1 Characteristics of Niche and Community Structure of Nekton in the Adjacent Areas of Dingzi Bay
JIANG Wenliang, ZHANG Depu, CUI Wenhui, LI Shengfu, LI Min, LIU Dong, LYU Zhenbo, REN Zhonghua
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24005
In the present study, the characteristics of community structure and niche of nekton as well as their spatial and seasonal changes were surveyed in 12 survey sites in the adjacent areas of Dingzi Bay (N 36°15′—36°40′, E 120°55′—121°25′) by trawls in October 2021 (autumn), February 2022 (winter), April 2022 (spring), and August 2022 (summer). The results showed that a total of 81 species of demersal nekton were collected in the four seasons, with the most species in summer (54 species), the least species in winter (34 species), 1 dominant demersal nekton in spring; 5 dominant demersal nekton in summer, and 4 dominant demersal nekton in autumn, 5 dominant of demersal nekton in winter, with replacement rates of 80%—100% between seasons. The species composition and dominant species composition were found to be varied greatly between seasons, with descending order of niche width values as autumn (0.54)>spring (0.49)>summer (0.40)> winter (0.33), and niche overlap values of 0—0.96 in Spring, 0.07—0.96 in Summer, 0—0.94 in Autumn and 0—0.91 in winter. The more obvious ecological niche space differentiation of bottom nekton was observed in autumn, with the greater relationship of resource competition. There was the same trend in indices of Shannon-Wiener′s diversity (H′) and Margalef′s species richness (D) as summer>spring>autumn>winter, with the values increasing along the offshore distance. The ABC curves statistics showed W values trend of summer>autumn≈spring>winter, indicating that the disturbed levels of nekton communities were closely related to biodiversity. In conclusion, these findings are beneficial to the deeply understand of the changing pattern of community structure of nekton in the adjacent areas of Dingzi Bay, and to the further understanding of the changing pattern of community structure of nekton in the adjacent areas of Dingzi Bay.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 1-13 [Abstract] ( 150 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (8194 KB)  ( 68 )
14 Mineral Element Composition and Risk Assessment in Edible Part of Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis from Three Sources
QIAN Xiaoli, CHEN Aqin, WANG Lei, WU Xugan, YAO Chunxia
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23098
To explore the composition and differences of mineral elements in edible tissues of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, and to evaluate the edible safety and health risks of Chinese mitten crab, the contents of macro elements (Na, Mg, K, Ca, and P) and trace elements (Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Fe, Co, Ni, Sn, Mo, and Cr) were analyzed in the hepatopancreas, gonad and muscle of Chinese mitten crab from three sources, including pond culture [female: (124.77±5.96) g, male: (149.73±6.28) g] and lake cultures [female: (117.78±4.35) g, male: (168.16±10.58) g] from Yangcheng Lake, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province and wild Chinese mitten crab [female: (113.97±44.20) g, male: (104.88±45.29) g] collected from Changjiang River, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Essential elemental levels were compared with the dietary reference intake (DRI) of Chinese residents to assess their dietary intake risks. The results showed that there were abundant macro elements in the edible part of Chinese mitten crab, with 70%—220% higher total amount of macroelements in hepatopancreas of wild crab in Changjiang River than that in pond culture crab and lake culture crab. The Chinese mitten crab had more than 1 mg/kg of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn, and 0.25—1.61 mg/kg of Se, and less than 1 mg/kg of other trace elements in the edible part, without significant differences in the contents of most trace elements between pond crab and lake crab. Except for Fe, Mn and Sn, the contents of hepatopancreas trace elements were found to be higher in wild Changjiang River crab than those in pond and lake culture crab. Compared with DRI, the levels of Cu, Fe and Se exceeded the recommended nutrient intake (RNI). The levels of all the elements were in the tolerable maximum intake level (UL). In conclusion, there are some differences in mineral composition in the edible tissues of Chinese mitten crab from the three sources, and can be used as good sources of mineral nutrition for human.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 14-25 [Abstract] ( 85 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3952 KB)  ( 26 )
26 Quality Changes and Shelf Life Prediction of Composite Shrimp Balls Soft Canned of Antarctic Krill and Pacific White Shrimp during Storage
ZHAO Yanfen, SUN Peizi, MAN Hao, LI Dongmei
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24053
To clarify the quality changes and shelf life prediction of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba and Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei composite shrimp balls soft canned during storage, the sensory quality, total colony counts, total volatile basic nitrogen, water-holding capacity, chromaticity, texture, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and carbonyl content of composite shrimp balls were investigated at two storage temperatures of 35 ℃ and 45 ℃. The shelf life of products was predicted under room temperature (25 ℃) and refrigeration (4 ℃) conditions via a sensory total score below 70 points as the storage endpoint according to the Q10 shelf life prediction model. The results showed that there were lower colony counts in composite shrimp balls stored at 35 ℃ and 45 ℃ during the storage period than the national standard value. The content of total volatile basic nitrogen was found to be significantly increased (P<0.05) with the extension of storage time, with the content of 25.72 mg/100 g at 35 ℃ and 26.13 at mg/100 g at 45 ℃ at the storage endpoint. The yellowness, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value and carbonyl content were shown to be significantly increased (P<0.05). However, the water holding capacity, brightness, yellowness, whiteness, hardness, and chewiness were all significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the color of the composite shrimp balls became dark, the texture became soft, the rough taste, and abnormal flavor and then the poor sensory quality acceptance at the end of storage. At the end of the shelf life, there was an unacceptable loss in sample quality, with a shelf life of 21 days at 35 ℃ and 14 days at 45 ℃ under storage conditions. The Q10 model predicted the theoretical shelf life of the composite shrimp balls to be 31.5 d under room 25 ℃ storage conditions and 73.8 d under refrigerated 4 ℃ conditions. The finding provides theoretical basis for the quality control of Antarctic krill and Pacific white shrimp composite shrimp balls soft canned storage and circulation.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 26-35 [Abstract] ( 75 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (4140 KB)  ( 20 )
36 Isolation, Identification and Biological Characteristics of Probiotic Strains Derived from Intestine of Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii
LIU Danni, YE Bo, DONG Ying, WANG Xiaoyue, WANG Xuda, ZHAO Zhenjun, ZHANG Qian, YANG Boxue, LI Shilei
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23089
In order to isolate potential probiotics from the intestinal tract of rockfish Sebastes schlegelii for application in its aquaculture production, two strains of Bacillus were isolated from the intestinal tract of wild rockfish with body weight of 62.96 g caught in the sea,and identified by morphological observation, biochemical identification, 16S rDNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic tree.The growth curves, growth characteristics, enzyme production, self-agglutination ability and hydrophobicity of two strains of Bacillus were investigated, and the drug sensitivity test and hemolysis test of two strains were carried out. The two strains of Bacillus were identified as B. licheniformis A1M1 and B. subtilis A3M3, respectively, and Gram-positive and rod-shaped, with logarithmic growth stage in 3 h of culture, and stable growth stage in 21 h and 24 h of culture, respectively. The most suitable cultivation conditions were shown to be temperature of 30 ℃, pH 7, salinity about 5—24 for strains A1M1 and A3M3. B. licheniformis A1M1 and B. subtilis A3M3 had the ability to produce amylase, cellulase, lipase and protease, and showed strong autoagglutination at 24 h (52.78% and 77.29%, respectively). The hydrophobicity of the both strains to different solvents was found to be significantly different, with the best to xylene (81.04% and 84.92%, respectively). B. subtilis A3M3 was sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, tetracycline, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole and lincomycin. B. licheniformis A1M1 had different degree of resistance to 9 kinds of antibiotics. The hemolytic test showed that the two strains had no hemolytic ability, and were featured by wide temperature and salinity, and acid and alkali resistance, fast growth rate, good enzyme production performance, strong self-agglutination ability and good hydrophobicity, indicating that they can be used as a probiotic candidate for the development of aquaculture and probiotics preparations of S. schlegelii. The findings provide data support for their application in aquaculture,especially in aquaculture of S. schlegelii.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 36-46 [Abstract] ( 92 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (4423 KB)  ( 38 )
47 Effect of Dietary Nano-Selenium on Resistance to Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss
LI Yajun, WANG Jianfu, HAI Qiang, LYU Nana, LUO Zhiyuan, SHAN Caixia, LI Jie, LIU Zhe, YU Haitao
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24012
In order to investigate the effect of dietary nano-selenium on resistance to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss,juvenile rainbow trout with body weight of (20±2) g were reared in a circular pond with a diameter of 1.2 m and a height of 0.6 m, with a water depth of 0.3 m, and fed the basic diet containing 0 (control), 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg/kg nano-selenium, prepared by the mixture of nano selenium with water at 1∶30, and evenly spay on the surface of the basic diet, at water temperature of 17—18 ℃ for 7 days. Then, the rainbow trout was injected by 0.2 mL of IHNV solution with concentration of 1×105 pfu/mL and returned to the original ponds for further feeding, and liver and tail vein blood samples were collected after anesthesia with 50 mg/L MS-222 on the 7th day in the feeding trial and 1, 2 and 3 days after challenge, respectively, and the differences in liver immunity and antioxidant-related enzyme activities, immune-related gene expression and serum antibody levels were compared between the rainbow trout groups. The results showed that there were significant increase in the activities of GSH-PX and serum TNF-α in liver of rainbow trout before infection, and addition of 1 mg/kg of nano-selenium (P＜0.05) and significant increase in the expression levels of MX-1 and IL-1β genes in the addition of 5 mg/kg of nano-selenium group(P＜0.05). The levels of serum TNF-α, C3 and IL-1β antibodies as well as hepatic CAT activity were shown to be significantly elevated on the 1 st to 3 rd day in the rainbow trout fed the diets added with nano-selenium and challenged in each group (P＜0.05), and significant reduce in the MDA content in the liver on the 3 rd day (P＜0.05). Significantly (P＜0.05) increase in hepatic GSH-PX viability, VIG-1, MX-1 and TNF-α gene expression was observed in the rainbow trout in the addition of 2 and 5 mg/kg of nano-selenium groups (P＜0.05). The findings indicated that addition of nanosized selenium to the diet led to increase the hepatic immunity and antioxidant capacity as well as the serum antibody level in rainbow trout, thus enhancing their resistance to IHNV.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 47-55 [Abstract] ( 46 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3314 KB)  ( 37 )
56 Effects of Keep-Alive Methods on Vigor and Physiological Metabolism of Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis
QIAO Zenghui, WEI Lulu, LU Qi, SHI Yuyao, YIN Mingyu, WANG Xichang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23100
In order to evaluate the effects of different preservation methods on vitality and physiological metabolism of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, female Chinese mitten crab with body weight of (149.89±6.82) g were bundled and placed in foam boxes of each 41 cm× 30 cm × 18 cm, with 15 individuals in each box, covered with completely soaked double-layer gauze, stored in constant temperature and humidity incubators at 16 ℃ and 5 ℃ for 72 h, and changed the gauze every 12 h. The crab in the control group was stored at 16 ℃ without moisturizing treatment. The changes in vitality, and contents of proximate nutrients, glycogen, lactic acid and volatile basic nitrogen of Chinese mitten crab were measured at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after storage. The results showed that there was decrease in the survival rate and vigor with the extension of the storage time in the three groups of Chinese mitten crab, with decrease to 60.00%. At the end of the storage period, the survival rate and the vigor were also found to be decreased rapidly in the control group, while the survival rate of the two groups to be increased by 20.00 and 33.33 percentage points after moisturizing treatment with moistened gauze, and the vigor status was significantly improved (P＜0.05). There were significantly higher moisture and content of crude protein in the two groups than those in the control group (P＜0.05), with the decrease in glycogen content in the three groups, and the most rapid glycogen consumption rate in the control group, reduced by 9.59%—11.07% by moisturizing treatment. The Chinese mitten crab had an upward trend of lactic acid content and total volatile basic nitrogen content, with stable lactic acid accumulation in the low temperature moisturizing group after 24 h, and without exceeding the unacceptable limit of total volatile basic nitrogen of fishery products in the three groups, always maintaining lower level in low-temperature moisturizing group than in the other two groups. The down-trend first and up-trend later trend of pH value was observed in the three groups, with the range of 6.74—6.80 in the low temperature moisturizing group, which was close to the initial control (0 h) group. The adenylic energetic charge showed a decreasing trend, decreased by 4.56 percentage points in the control group after 72 h, with the disturbed energy homeostasis, Chinese mitten crabs in the low temperature moisturizing group remained at a high level. According to the comprehensive changes of vigor status and physiological metabolism, it is believed that under the current circulation environment, the storage cycle is within 72 h of storage, the use of moisturizing storage medium and reducing the storage temperature are conducive to the better maintenance of vigor and the slowing down of energy and material consumption of Chinese mitten crab. The findings provide theoretical support and operational guidelines for optimizing the storage conditions and improving the quality of Chinese mitten crab.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 56-64 [Abstract] ( 58 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1664 KB)  ( 21 )
65 Function of Crustin Gene in Regulation of Intestinal Microbiota Homeostasis in Ridgetail White Prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda
XU Kai, LIU Dexue, CHENG Weitao, HAN Wanyu, WANG Chao, WANG Weili, YAN Peiwen, LU Xiao, HU Guangwei, YAN Binlun, GAO Huan
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23065
In order to investigate the function of crustin in regulation of intestinal microbiota homeostasis in ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda, the intestinal microbiota characteristics were investigated in the ridgetail white prawn with body length of (5.47±0.31) cm with 16S rRNA sequencing technology. The results showed that there was significant change in composition of intestinal microflora in the ridgetail white prawn exposed to EcCrustin2 gene knockdown, without significant difference in α-diversity between the control and siEcCrustin2 gene groups. Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and Firmicutes were found to be the dominant phyla in the intestinal microbiota in the ridgetail white prawn exposed to EcCrustin2 gene knockdown at the phylum level. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was increased in siEcCrustin2 group, and those in Tenericutes and Firmicutes were decreased. Photobacterium and Vibrio were the dominant bacterial genera in the intestinal microbiota of E. carinicauda group at the genus level, with significant decrease in relative abundance of Photobacterium, and the significant increase in abundance of Vibrio in siEcCrustin2 group. Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae was shown to be the dominant species, with significantly elevated abundance after EcCrusin2 gene knockdown at the species level. Functional prediction by Tax4Fun revealed that intestinal microbiota were involved in carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, infectious diseases, cell motility and membrane transport more apparently in the RNAi group than those in control group. There was close relationship between the EcCrustin2 and the intestinal microflora in E. carinicauda group. The findings will contribute to comprehensive understanding of the composition and plasticity of the shrimp microbiota, which will provide innovative strategies for promoting the development of aquaculture industry.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 65-74 [Abstract] ( 47 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (9197 KB)  ( 23 )
75 Realized Heritability of F2 Hybrid Breeding Line of Bay Scallop Argopecten irradians concentricus
LU Yining, ZHAN Jianqiang, SI Zhiheng, LI Teng, ZHANG Yuan, ZHANG Kexin, FANG James Karhei, LIU Zhigang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24002
To evaluate the breeding effect of a fast-growing selective breeding line with black and white shell color between the wild population of Argopecten irradians concentricus and the orthocross offspring of the scallop “Bohai Red”, the breeding line F1 was obtained using the breeding strategy of black and white shell color as the first choice and 5% of the maximum shell length as the second selection in the orthocross generation, and then the “F2 selection line” was obtained using the same method. “F2 non-selection line” was used as a control to probe into the “F2 selection line” contemporary genetic gain and the realized heritability of various economic traits. The results showed that growth traits of the “F2 selection line” generation were significantly better than those of the “F2 non-Selected” generation (P<0.05), even though without significant difference in the survival rate of the “F2 selection line” generation compared with that of the “F2 non-selected” generation. The contemporary genetic gains were shown to be 8.29%in shell length, 6.65% in shell height, 10.26% in shell width, 20.72% in body weight, 33.98% in adductor weight and 25.91% in soft tissue weight, with the coefficients of variation to be 7.01% in shell length, 8.46% in shell height, 8.50% in shell width, 14.80% in body weight, 26.32% in adductor weight and 15.98% in soft tissue weight, and from 0.41 to 0.47 for the realized heritability of each growth trait of the selected breeding lines, showing high heritability. Shell-length selection on the cross-selected generation F1 led to bring significant genetic progress, with the significant selection effect, and greater potential for continued selection in the “F2 selection line”. The findings provide basis for further selection of selective lines.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 75-82 [Abstract] ( 47 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3904 KB)  ( 196 )
83 Effect of Temperature Acclimation on Growth and Thermal Tolerance of Juvenile Rhynchocypris lagowskii
BO Qikang, BAI Xiaohui, WANG Xiaoyu, LIU Keming, HE Xiaoxu, PEI Yue, ZHANG Wei
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24023
In order to investigate effects of different acclimation temperatures on the growth and temperature tolerance of juvenile Rhynchocypris lagowskii, juveniles with initial body weight of (7.96±1.84) g were reared in recirculating water tanks of each 1.0 m×0.6 m×0.8 m with water depth of 0.6 m at stocking density of 40 fish per tank at acclimation temperatures of 20, 25 and 28 ℃ to probe into the effects of acclimation temperature on growth, liver and foregut digestive enzymes and transaminase activities for 33 d. At the same time, the juveniles were reared in 10 L barrels with a diameter of 25 cm and a water depth of 20 cm and acclimated at 15, 20, 25 and 28 ℃ to find out the critical temperature, acclimation response rate and temperature tolerance range. After the juveniles were stabilized, warming/cooling was begun at a constant rate of 1.0 ℃/h. When the fish body was initially out of equilibrium, the temperature was the maximum critical temperature (TCmax) and the minimum critical temperature (TCmin) (accuracy of 0.1)], and the fish was released to room temperature for recovery. The results showed that the juveniles grew normally at water temperature of 20 and 25 ℃ during the culture, death was initially observed at water temperature of 28 ℃ with a survival rate of 86.67%. There were significantly increase in final body weight [(9.13±2.22) g and (10.01±2.74) g, respectively], body length [(8.64±0.73) cm and (8.89±0.82) cm]and total length [(10.18±0.79) cm and (10.49±0.95) cm] in the juveniles in 20 ℃ and 25 ℃ groups compared with the initial growth parameters (P<0.05), without significant difference in 28 ℃ group (P>0.05). The activities of amylase and lipase were higher in the liver and intestines of juveniles in the 25 ℃ treatment group, without significantly higher activity of hepatic amylase in 28 ℃ group, without significant difference in liver and intestinal protease activities among the three domesticated groups of juvenile fish(P>0.05). The activity of intestinal amylase was shown to be significantly higher in the 25 ℃ treatment group, with significantly higher activity of hepatic lipase than that in the other two groups and significantly higher activity of intestinal lipase than that in 20 ℃ group(P<0.05). No significant difference in activity of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) was observed between 20 ℃ group and 25 ℃ group (P>0.05), with the temperature increasing to 25 ℃, significant decrease in activity of ALT(P<0.05). The activity of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST) was found to be significantly decreased first and then significantly increased with the increasing temperature, with significant higher level in 28 ℃ group than that in other two groups (P<0.05), indicating that the long-term high temperature induced damage to the liver of juvenile fish, which was the cause of death of juvenile fish. Temperature acclimation affected the thermal tolerance of the juvenile fish, and high temperature led to increase the maximum critical temperature and the minimum critical temperature, with the maximum high-temperature acclimation response ratio of (0.86) within 25—28 ℃, and the maximum low-temperature acclimation response ratio value of (0.60) within 20—25 ℃ as well as the thermal tolerance polygon of 403.77 ℃2. In conclusion, like the temperature tolerance of tropical fish, R. lagowskii has strong temperature adaptation ability and can potentially compensate for the negative effects of temperature rise or fall by adjusting physiological and biochemical processes under near-extreme temperature conditions.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 83-90 [Abstract] ( 82 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1416 KB)  ( 23 )
91 Codend Mesh Selectivity of Trawl in the Eastern Waters at Hainan Island
ZHAO Hailong, LIU Wei, WU Chenghong, CHEN Min, ZHANG Yuxiang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23091
In order to support the implementation and management of “National Marine Fishing Gear Catalogue”, a selective test of five diamond mesh sizes of 25 mm (control group), 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm and 45 mm was carried out in trawlers in April 2022 by using the combined operation method in the eastern waters at Hainan Island (E 110°39′—111°12′, N 19°01′—19°33′). The selective analysis of 4 mesh sizes was carried out by using logistic curve and maximum likelihood estimation method. The results showed that the 50% selection of body length (L50)was 94.6 mm, 104.5 mm, 125.0 mm and 143.0 mm for Saurida tumbil at mesh size of 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm and 45 mm,with selection range of 22.2 mm, 34.4 mm, 23.2 mm and 26.1 mm. The L50 for Trachinocephalus myops was 86.1 mm, 96.1 mm and 115.2 mm, corresponding selection range of 29.4 mm, 20.0 mm and 27.0 mm; the L50 for Polynemus sextarius was 65.9 mm, 73.8 mm, 89.6 mm and 103.1 mm, corresponding selection range of 9.2 mm, 18.0 mm, 24.2 mm and 21.2 mm; the L50 for Upeneus bensasi was 82.6 mm, 89.5 mm and 100.0 mm,corresponding selection range of 28.8 mm, 26.3 mm and 33.5 mm. The relationship between codend mesh size of S. tumbil, T. myops, P. sextarius, and U. bensasi and L50 was expressed as:公式,公式 and 公式, respectively, the minimum mesh size of 43.9 mm in S. tumbil, 59.5 mm in T. myops, 58.5 mm in P. sextarius, and 33.2 mm in U. bensasi. In conclusion, the suitable mesh size of trawl codend should be 43.9 mm.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 91-99 [Abstract] ( 45 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (4106 KB)  ( 16 )
100 Sequencing and Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Disk Abalone Haliotis discus hannai Cultured in Fujian Province
WANG Wei
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23073
In order to effectively identify abalone species and explore the sources, the complete mitochondrial genome of disk abalone Haliotis discus hannai cultured in Fujian province was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technologies. The sequences obtained were preliminarily analyzed and the whole genome was compared with three complete or nearly-complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the disk abalone deposited in GenBank. The results showed that the disk abalone had mitogenome of 17 037 bp in total length with 37 genes identified including 13 protein coded, 22 tRNA and 2 rRNA genes. Except for the nucleotide bases differences in the control region, basically the same complete or nearly-complete mitochondrial sequences were observed in the four populations of the disk abalone. A phylogenetic tree constructed based on reported complete mitochondrial genome sequences of species in Haliotis genus revealed that all disk abalone were clustered with each other first and then clustered with H. rufescens, H. cracherodii and H. iris. The disk abalone from Lianjiang, China, had a close relationship with those from Geoje, Republic of Korea. In brief, sequencing and analysis of the entire mitochondrial genome of the abalone cultivated in Fujian province enriched the genetic information database of this species. The finding provides reference for the identification and breeding of high-quality abalone varieties in the southeastern coastal waters of China.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 100-107 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2657 KB)  ( 57 )
108 Strontium Labeling Technique of Otolith in Roughskin Sculpin Trachidermus fasciatus Based on Immersion Method
YANG Zuchang, HU Wangjiao, FENG Guangpeng, ZHANG Hui, ZHENG Yueping, JI Qiang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24009
In order to probe the application of otolithic microchemical labeling technology in breeding and release of roughskin sculpin Trachidermus fasciatus, roughskin sculpin with body length of (8.34±0.77) cm and body weight of (7.89±2.57) g was reared in the third stage filtrated water containing SrCl2·H2O at concentrations of 0, 12, 18, 36 and 72 mg/L for 7 days at water temperature of (28.0±3) ℃ to explore the effect of different concentrations of strontium on the strontium labeling effect of otolites in roughskin sculpin. The results showed that there was no significant difference in mortality and growth in roughskin sculpin exposed to different concentrations of strontium labeling. There was an obvious linear relationship between the concentration of exogenous strontium and the ratio of Sr/Ca at the edge of otolith. With the increase in strontium concentration, the labeled Sr/Ca value was gradually increased, and the labeling effect increased significantly. The contents of strontium in muscle and gill were found to be a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the change of time after labeling, with complete metabolism of the residual strontium in muscle within 30 days after labeling. The findings indicated that the strontium labeling principle and method were reliable and safe in the large-scale release population of roughskin sculpin. It was recommended that 36 mg/L be of the optimal labeling dose for exogenous strontium for 7 days labeling period.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 108-114 [Abstract] ( 42 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3590 KB)  ( 15 )
115 Influence of Elemental Form, Water Temperature, and Body Weight on Iron Accumulation in Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
SAIJI Zhuoma, DU Zehua, GU Jing, YANG Guojun, REN Tongjun, WANG Hua
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23085
Juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with body weight of 60 g and 200 g were placed in a semi-flowing temperature-controlled glass tank in the room, and exposed to the iron concentration of 0. 50 mg/L in water from amino acid-chelated iron and ferrous sulfate at water temperature of 15 ℃ and 22 ℃, respectively, to investigate the effects of iron form, water temperature and body weight on the enrichment of iron in sea cucumber. The results showed that iron form significantly impacted iron enrichment in sea cucumber at iron concentration of 0. 50 mg/L. The sea cucumber exposed to amino acid-chelated iron contained iron concentration of 12. 72 mg/kg in their body walls, while those exposed to ferrous sulfate contained 48. 27 mg/kg in 8 day exposure to iron-enriched seawater at 22 ℃, indicating that inorganic ferrous sulfate was more effective than organic amino acid-chelated iron for iron enrichment in sea cucumber. Furthermore, there was more accumulative iron in the sea cucumber at 22 ℃ than that at 15 ℃, without significant difference in iron accumulation capacity in the sea cucumber with different body weight. These findings provide valuable insights for the cultivation of iron-rich sea cucumber.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 115-121 [Abstract] ( 65 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3546 KB)  ( 12 )
122 Analysis of Food Composition and Feeding Habits of Estuarine Tapertail Anchovy Coilia nasus in Daliao River Based on High-Throughput Sequencing
ZHU Chunyue, YANG Peimin, ZHANG Boxu, ZHANG Jian, HU Zongyun, LIU Zhonghang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23093
In order to explore the food composition of estuarine tapertail anchovy Coilia nasus in Daliao River, the stomach contents and feeding habits were investigated in estuarine tapertail anchovy collected in water area of Haicheng section in Daliao River on June 20—22,2022 by high-throughput sequencing technology. The food composition was analyzed using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ (COⅠ) and 18S rDNA V4 region as molecular markers, and a total of 260 486 high-quality sequences were obtained from 29 food samples. The results showed that 5 classes, 9 orders and 14 families, mainly including copepods, fish, shrimp, rotifers and cladocera, were observed in the food of estuarine tapertail anchovy in Daliao River. The analysis of food species composition revealed that planktonic crustacean were the main feeding objects, including copepods, rotifers and cladocera, accounting for 62.07% of the total species. The analysis of relative abundance proportion of food species and biological groups showed that fish accounted for the maximal proportion of 37.35%, followed by 31.90%, indicating that fish and shrimp were the important food components of estuarine tapertail anchovy in Daliao River. It was found that the feeding habits of the estuarine tapertail anchovy undergo significant changes with body length increases, with planktonic crustaceans and fish and shrimp as the main feeding species before and after the change. The finding revealed the food types of wild C. nasus in the Daliao River and provided scientific basis for protecting the wild resource of this species, and referencing with artificial breeding of estuarine tapertail anchovy.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 122-128 [Abstract] ( 89 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (5235 KB)  ( 18 )
129 Characteristics and Heterogeneity of Growth and Maturity of Ridgetail White Prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda in Yalu River Estuary
WANG Xiaolin, LIU Xiuze, JI Guang, WANG Aiyong, DONG Jing, WANG Bin, XU Yanzhao, ZHANG Yijing
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24046
In order to understand the growth and reproduction of ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda in the Yalu River estuary, the growth and maturity characteristics of E. carinicauda were studied using analysis of variance (ANOVA), power function, logistic curve and electronic length frequency analysis (ELEFAN) based on the resource survey conducted in the Yalu River estuary from 2015 to 2017. The results showed that E. carinicauda in the Yalu River estuary was heterozygous, with higher mean body length and body weight in females than those in males (P<0.05). The asympototic length (L∞) of female was found to be 91.88 mm, with K of 0.65. The L∞ of male was shown to be 86.63 mm, with K of 0.46. There were significant seasonal variations (P<0.05) in body length and body weight of female, without significant seasonal differences in male growth. The range of parameter a in the length-weight relationship for E. carinicauda was 3.20×10-5 to 3.49×10-4, with relatively large values (>1.0×10-4) for both females and males collected in spring and autumn. The seasonal trends of the allometric growth factor b in the length-weight relationship were consistent for both female and male: isometric growth for individuals in summer and winter (2.87, 2.96 for females, and 2.81, 2.86 for males), and negative allometric growth for individuals in spring and autumn (2.41, 2.18 for females, and 2.50, 2.21 for males). The body length of the egg-carrying females was ranged from 38 to 80 mm, with mean egg-carrying body length of 52.06 mm. The findings provide further understanding of growth and maturity characteristics of E. carinicauda in the Yalu River estuary, significant sexual and seasonal variations, and basic information on the life history characteristics and population dynamics of this important species.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 129-135 [Abstract] ( 53 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3699 KB)  ( 21 )
136 Analysis of Primary Nutritional Composition in Muscle of Wrasses Cheilinus trilobatus and C. fasciatus
XING Cheng, GAO Jin, WANG Yongbo, HAN Lina, LIU Jinye, TAN Wei, FU Shuyuan, CHEN Fuxiao
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24034
In order to clarify characteristics of the muscle quality and nutritional composition of wrasses Cheilinus trilobatus and C. fasciatus, the contents of proximate nutritional composition, amino acids, fatty acids and some of minerals were analyzed and evaluated in muscles of cultured C. trilobatus with body weight of (166.8±13.6) g and C. fasciatus with body weight of (316.1±43.7) g by biochemical methods. The results showed that there were (79.01±0.35)% of moisture, (18.42±0.86)% of crude protein, (1.11±0.20)% of crude fat and (1.11±0.25)% of crude ash in the muscle of C. trilobatus. A total of 16 amino acids, accounting for 79.05%, in the total content of dry muscle tissue, were detected, including 32.81% of essential amino acids, 30.47% of flavor amino acids, with the first limiting amino acid of valine (Val), and the second limiting amino acid of methionine+cysteine (Met+Cys). Fifteen types of fatty acids were detected, including 5 saturated fatty acids (43.9%), 3 monounsaturated fatty acids (17.1%) and 7 polyunsaturated fatty acids (39.0%).The macronutrient potassium and the trace element zinc were abundant at 4.10×103 mg/kg and 4.30 mg/kg in the 8 minerals. The C. fasciatus contained (80.42±0.65)% of moisture, (18.20±0.52)% of crude protein, (0.72±0.49)% of crude fat and (1.19±0.18)% of crude ash in the muscle. The detected 16 amino acids accounted for 84.18% of the total content of dry muscle tissue, including 34.22% of essential amino acids, and 32.55% of flavor amino acids, with the first limiting amino acid of methionine+cysteine (Met+Cys), and the second limiting amino acid of valine (Val). A total of 16 fatty acids were detected, including 5 saturated fatty acids (41.1%), 4 monounsaturated fatty acids (13.0%) and 7 polyunsaturated fatty acids (45.9%). In the 8 minerals, the macronutrient potassium and the trace element zinc were abundant at 3.53×103 mg/kg and 6.80 mg/kg. It was found that the essential amino acid composition was reasonably balanced, rich in fatty acids and high in minerals in Cheilinus trilobatus and C. fasciatus. The finding provides nutritional theoretical basis for the promotion of the culture and diversification of the processing and utilization of C. trilobatus and C. fasciatus.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 136-144 [Abstract] ( 49 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1052 KB)  ( 216 )
145 Effects of an Inhibitor Germanium Dioxide of Diatom Growth on Somatic Cell Induction System of Kelp Laminaria japonica
TIAN Pingping, LIU Yanling, CHEN Shuxiu, WANG Weiwei, LI Xiaojie, LI Yan
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24003
In order to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the diatom inhibitor germanium dioxide (GeO2) on diatoms in the inducible system and effect on the inducible system, a tissue block with a side length of 0.2—0.3 cm in 1.0—1.5 cm length sporophytes of kelp Laminaria japonica as explants in 2% PESI culture medium was exposed to GeO2 at concentrations of 0, 1.00, 2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 3.50 and 4.00 mg/L in the 2% PESI medium to investigate the effect of GeO2 concentration on the incidence of kelp transparent mitoplast and callus induction rate in the induction system of the kelp. On the 80th day in the induction system, 1.00 mg/L of GeO2 was added to the diatom-contaminated system in the control group, and the medium was exchanged every 7—10 days to observe the therapeutic effect of GeO2 on the contaminative diatoms. The results showed that different concentrations of GeO2 had an extremely significant impact on the induction of somatic cells (P<0.01). On the 60th day of the induction experiment, the cell and branch numbers of mitoplast gradually were found to be decreased with the increase in GeO2 concentration, and almost no mitoplast was found in the groups of above 3.50 mg/L, without significant difference in the induction rates (above 80%) of transparent mitoplast among the low concentration groups (0—2.50 mg/L), distinctly higher than that in other high concentration groups(P<0.01).On the 80th day, no significant difference was found between 1.00 and 2.00 mg/L groups, and the introduction rates of callus were shown to be 83.33% and 73.61%, respectively, higher than that in other groups(P<0.01). The application of 1.00 mg/L GeO2 to treat contaminated samples showed excellent removal effectiveness of diatoms from the induction system of the kelp. In summary, the optimal concentration of GeO2 was 1.00 mg/L for the somatic cells induction system, which effectively inhibited diatom contamination without affecting the mitoplast and callus induction of the kelp.
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 145-150 [Abstract] ( 48 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (4011 KB)  ( 9 )
       Overview and Specific Topi
151 Research Progress on Response Mechanism of Fish to High Temperature Stress
JIN Jiming, LU Jingjing, LI Xiaoyong, LIU Wenzhen, WANG Yuzhu, LIU Wenshu, FANG Liu, GUO Xiaoze
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.24060
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 151-161 [Abstract] ( 196 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3290 KB)  ( 56 )
162 Functional Mechanism and Application in Aquaculture Feed of Fructooligosaccharide: a Review
ZHANG Chunnuan, YUAN Xiaoyu, WANG Lu, JIANG Dongxue, WANG Junhui, DU Juan
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.21106
2025 Vol. 44 (1): 162-170 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3379 KB)  ( 27 )
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