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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2016 Vol. 35, No. 3 Published: 2016-03-25

Article

	199	Effects of Dietary Selenium Sources on Growth,Body Composition and Antioxidant Performance of Juvenile Pacific White Leg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
		LI Xiaoxia,CHEN Feng,PAN Qing,WANG Ling,FENG Tian,GAN Lian,FU Jinghua,CAO Junming
		A feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary selenium sources on grow th , body composition and antioxidant capacity of juvenile Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei .The healthy shrimp with initial body weight of (0 .41 ± 0 .01) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 rep‐licates per treatment and fed a basal diet (control group) and the diets supplemented with 0 .30 mg/kg se‐lenium from sodium selenite(Na2SeO3),seleniumyeast(Se‐Y)andselenomethionine(Se‐M)withseleni‐um levels of 0 .25 ,0 .50 ,0 .56 ,and 0 .50 mg/kg ,respectively ,at water temperature of (29 .0 ± 1 .3) ℃ for 56 days .There was significantly higher growth performance in the shrimp fed Se‐M diet than the shrimp fed the control diet and Na2 SeO3 diet (P<0 .05) .The shrimp fed the diet supplemented with selenium showed higher body protein content compared to the animals fed the control diet ,while the fat content in the shrimp showed the opposite trend (P<0 .05) .The serum total antioxidative capacity and glutathione peroxidase capacity were found to be significantly increased in the shrimp fed the diets containing selenium supplements compared with the shrimp in the control group (P<0 .05) ,without significant differences a‐mong test groups (P>0 .05) .The shrimp fed Se‐M diet had the maximal serum malondialdehyde content among these treatments (P<0 .05) .The findings indicate that supplementation of 0 .30 mg/kg selenium can improve grow th and antioxidant performance of juvenile Pacific w hite leg shrimp ,more effective in sel‐enomethionine than in selenium yeast and sodium selenite .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 199-203 [Abstract] ( 86 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (761 KB) ( 375 )

	204	Realized Heritability and Growth of Offsprings of Wild Large Yellow Croaker Pseudosciaena crocea
		HUANG Weiqing,HAN Kunhuang,CHEN Shixi,ZHANG Yi,ZHOU Shaofeng,ZHOU Ruifa,LUO Fen
		The growth performance and realized heritability were compared in offsprings of wild and sea cage‐reared large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea . The results showed that the wild large yellow croaker had lower fertilization rates than the sea cage‐reared did ,but significant higher hatching rates than the sea cage‐reared did (P< 0 .05) .There were higher absolute growth rates in body weight [(0 .02 ± 0 .004) g/d — (0 .26 ± 0 .081) g/d] ,absolute grow th rate in body length [(0 .02 ± 0 .008) cm/d — (0 .11 ± 0 .009) cm/d ,daily length and weight increment (0 .007 ± 0 .005 — 0 .153 ± 0 .015) ,and condition fac‐tor(1 .66 ± 0 .18 — 1 .97 ± 0 .29) in the wild large yellow croaker than those in the sea cage‐reared .The re‐alized heritability was 0 .027 — 0 .185 in body weight and 0 .001—0 .040 in body length .The findings indi‐cate that selective breeding program for wild population is very promising ,but family selection and within‐family selection should be combined due to the relatively low realized heritability .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 204-209 [Abstract] ( 102 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1204 KB) ( 319 )

	210	Composition of Heterotrophic Bacteria in a Recirculating Aquaculture System for Atlantic Salmon (Salmo sal ar)
		WANG Xianping,LI Jie,HAN Houwei,HU Jiaping,ZHAO Lili,SHAO Wei,WANG Zhenyang
		The aim of this work was to study the composition of heterotrophic bacteria in a Recirculating Aquaculture System(RAS)for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and to compare the difference in bacterial isolation and cultivation in different culture media .The bacteria in water samples collected from the tanks were cultured in 6 types of medium in‐cluding 2216E ,BHI ,LB ,NA ,TSA ,and TCBS ,and composition and quantity of the bacteria were determined by a plate count method ,bacterial morphological identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis method .It was found that the heterotrophic bacteria in the tank water were divided into 4 major groups:Proteobacteria (including theα‐,γ‐Proteobacteria) ,Firmicutes ,Bacteroidetes ,and Actinobacteria ,with the dominant γ‐Proteobacteria ,especially the genera Pseudoal teromonas and Vibrio .The plate colony numbers in different media were shown as the order of 2216E >LB >TSA>BHI>NA> TCBS ,significantly higher in the 2216E than in the other 5 culture media (P<0 .01) .The bacteria isolated from 2216E culture medium belonged to 12 genera ,the maximal becteria in genus Pseud‐oalteromonas in accounting for 50% and genus Vibrio representing only 3 .13% .The genus Vibrio was the dominant genus in various culture media ,accounting for 33 .33% in BHI ,60% in LB ,25% in TSA and 100% in TCBS (only one genus V ibrio) ,but no V ibrio but Pseudomonas was isolated from NA culture mediuma .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 210-214 [Abstract] ( 92 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3524 KB) ( 373 )

	215	Community Structure of Zooplankton in Coastal Liaoning of Northern Yellow Sea in Summer and Autumn
		DUAN Yan,WANG Aiyong,LI Mengyao,LIU Xiuze,CHAI Yu,DONG Jing
		Community structure of zooplankton in coastal Liaoning of northern Yellow Sea was studied based on seasonal investigation data collected in August (summer) and October (autumn) of 2014 .Thirty‐five species of zo‐oplankton were found ,with thirty species in summer and thirty‐four in autumn .The small copepod and planktonic larvae were found to be the dominant groups ,including dominant Acartia hongi ,Oithonabre vicornis ,Paracala‐nus parvus ,Corycaeus af f inis ,Sagitta crassa ,Oikopleura dioica ,and Lamellibranchia larvae in the summer , and dominant A .hongi ,O .brevicornis ,C .af f inis ,S .crassa ,O .dioica ,nauplii ,and A .omori in the autumn . There was higher biomass in summer than that in autumn ,whereas there was less abundance in summer than that in autumn ,indicating that the biomass and abundance of zooplankton is varied with season .Small‐sized copepods , i e ,mature and stabilization of the zooplankton ,were shown to play an important role in community feature in coastal waters of Northern Yellow Sea .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 215-220 [Abstract] ( 131 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1683 KB) ( 398 )

	221	Comparative Bacteriostasis of Oxolinic Acid and Norfloxcin against Pathogenic Bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila in Allogyogenetics Silver Crucian Carp Carassius auratus gobelio
		SUN Penghui,LU Jianfei,QIU Weichen,L Liqun
		In vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics of oxolinic acid and norfloxcin against pathogenic bacteri‐um Aeromonas hydrophila (AH10) were studied in allogyogenetics silver crucian carp Carassius auratus gobelio with body weight of 150—200 g singly and orally administrated at a dose of 20 ,30 ,and 40 mg per kg body weight at water temperature of (25 ± 2) ℃ .The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) on AH10 was shown to be 1μg/mL in oxolinic acid and 0 .5μg/mL in norfloxcin .The maximum serum concentration of oxolinic acid in allogyogenetics silver crucian carp was 4 .1 μg/mL at a dose of 20 mg per kg body weight ,6 .0 μg/mL at a dose of 30 mg per kg body weight ,and 8 .89μg/mL at a dose of 40 mg per kg body weight ,and the maximum serum concentration of norfloxcin were 11 .5 μg/mL at a dose of 20 mg per kg body weight ,15 .1 μg/mL at a dose of 30 mg per kg body weight ,and 18 .9 μg/mL at a dose of 40 mg per kg body weight .Cmax of oxolinic acid /MIC of oxolinic acid was 4 .1 ,6 .0 and 8 .89 at various doses ,respec‐tively ;Cmax of norfloxcin /MIC of norfloxcin was 23 ,30 .2 and 37 .8 at various doses ,respectively .The ar‐ea under the curve (AUC24 ,0—24 h) of oxolinic acid/MIC of oxolinic acid was 21 .6214 ,33 .1449 and 39 .1846 at various doses ,respectively ;AUC24 of norfloxcin /MIC of norfloxcin was 274 .75 ,451 .55 and 578 .35 at various doses ,respectively .Based on the AUC24/MIC and Cmax/MIC ,there was greater bacteri‐ostasis in norfloxcin than in oxolinic acid against A .hydrophila in allogyogenetics silver crucian carp .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 221-226 [Abstract] ( 195 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (995 KB) ( 241 )

	227	Molecular Cloning and Expression of Activator Protein-1 in Small Abalone Haliotis diversicolor during Development and Bacterial Challenge
		WANG Guodong,HE Simei,ZHANG Lili,WANG Yilei
		Activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) is a transcription factor ,which is characterized by highly conserved dimeric leucine zipper DNA‐binding domain ,and participates in development and immune processes .In or‐der to evaluate the effect of AP‐1 gene in development and immune response ,the full cDNA of AP‐1 gene (HdAP‐1) was cloned in small abalone Haliotis diversicolor and challenged by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and expressed during development of the abalone by real time PCR .The full cDNA of HdAP‐1 was 1482 bp ,and 5′/3′untranslated region had 133/401 bp ,with a 948 bp open reading frame .The calculated mo‐lecular mass of encoded protein was 34 .83 ku and the predicted pI 9 .43 .HdAP‐1 contained Jun and bZIP domains ,a highly conserved domains of AP‐1 protein family .HdAP‐1 was detected in all examined tis‐sues .There was the maxmal expression level in hemolymph ,middle expression level in gill/kidney/diges‐tive tract/mucus gland ,the minimal level in hepatopancreas/mantle .There was a low expression level from fertilized eggs to blastula stage ,significantly lower than in gastrula stage (P<0 .05) .The expression of HdAP‐1 continuously increased from gastrula stage to trochophore stage ,with a high level from tro‐chophore to creeping larva stage ,and low level after metamorphosis .There was significant up‐regulation of HdAP‐1 24 h after V .parahaemolyticus challenge (P<0 .05) ,without significant difference between control and bacterial challenge in other phase (P>0 .05) .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 227-233 [Abstract] ( 81 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2887 KB) ( 202 )

	234	Growth and Probiotic Characteristics of Bacillus subtilis B2 in Sea Cucumber Apostichopus j aponicus
		ZHANG Deqiang,GUAN Xiaoyan
		A bacterial strain B2 isolated from sediment in healthy sea cucumber A postichopus j aponicus farm in Dalian was identified as Bacillus subtilis by morphological and 16S rDNA sequence analysis .It was found that the optimal grow th of strain B2 was observed at temperature of 15—35 ℃ ,pH of 6—8 and a sa‐linity of 30—50 .The electron microscopy revealed that there was visible gemma around strain B 2 obvious‐ly .The strain B2 produced both amylase and protease ,but did not secreate lipase .The different doses of the strain B2 was added into the diets according to the weight of sea cucumber by 0 .1% ,0 .2% and 0 .3% , and it was found that the strain B2 effectively improved the activities of digestive enzymes in the intestine and nonspecific immune enzymes in the coelomic fluids .The findings indicate that B. subtilis B2 can be used as basis strain of probiotics and added into the sea cucumber feed ,w hich can provide more resources for the further sea cucumber probiotics .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 234-238 [Abstract] ( 87 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1475 KB) ( 248 )

	239	Intermediate Culture of Blacklip Pearl Oyster Pinctada margariti f era Juveniles
		CHEN Mingqiang,LI Youning,GUO Huayang,YAN Junxian,WU Kaichang,ZHANG Dianchang,WANG Yu
		This study was conducted to investigate the effects of shell length of (4 .12 ± 0 .019) mm and (2 .02 ± 0 .012) mm ,body weight of (0 .07 ± 0 .008) g and (0 .03 ± 0 .005) g ,and rearing depth of 2 m ,4m and 5 m on the rearing performance of blacklip pear oyster Pinctada margariti f era under conditions of 500 ind per treatment at water temperature of 23 .09—29 .77 ℃ in a 8—10 depth coast during the intermediate 180 day culture period .The results showed that the large size fingerlings had significantly higher growth rate than the small‐sized fingerlings did ,indicating that (4 .12 ± 0 .019) mm fingerling was more suitable for transferring from hatchery to sea‐cages .There was no significant difference in survival in the finger‐lings with same sizes cultured at the depth of 2 m ,4 m and 5 m (P>0 .05) ,but the survival of fingerlings with different sizes was significantly different when cultured at different depth (P<0 .05) .The findings provide valuable information on the artificial breeding of blacklip pearl oyster .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 239-243 [Abstract] ( 65 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1594 KB) ( 349 )

	244	Simulation Test of Rapid Biofilm Formation in a Recycling Aquaculture System in a Lab
		WANG Shuo,LIU Wanxin,DU Rongbin,YOU Cuirong,FU Xuejun,LIANG Likun
		Fifteen liters of artificial wastewater were added into a 20 L tank to imitate recirculating aqua‐culture system ,and laboratory conditions of rapid biofilm formation were optimized including biofilm carri‐er types ,inoculation proportion and frequency of the mixed functional bacteria .T he concentrations of NH4+ ,NO3- and NO2- in the experimental water were monitored during the rapid biofilm formation .The re‐sults showed that the optimal rapid biofilm formation was found under the conditions of elastic filter as bio‐film carrier ,and feeding dominant bacteria per 7 days with the mixing ratio of nitrobacteria :denitrifying bacteria∶ Bacillus∶ Zoogleae itzigsohn =2∶1∶1∶1 .Under these conditions ,the biofilm was observed on the seventh day ,almost complete on the fourteenth day and mature on the twenty‐first day .The purif‐ying efficiency trial indicated that the maximum removal of NH +4 by mature biofilm was over 5 .00 mg/L within 15 days ,with the maximal NH4-degradation rate of over 0 .50 mg/L per day .The maximal removal of NH+4 and NO2- was found within 15 days at initial NH4+ concentration from 5 .00 mg /L to 10 .00 mg/L .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 244-249 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1993 KB) ( 249 )

	250	Broodstock Cultivation and Spawning Induction Techniques in Small Yellow Croaker Pseudosciaena poly actis
		CHEN Ruiyi,LOU Bao,ZHAN Wei,XU Dongdong,CHEN Lin,LIU Feng,WANG Ligai,SUN Chen
		The experiment was conducted to establish the technique of indoor overwintering ,broodstock cultivation and spaw ning induction for small yellow croaker Pseudosciaena poly actis based on biological i‐dentification from 2014 to 2015 .The results showed that there were significantly higher ovary weight and gonado‐somatic index (GSI) in the experimental group than those in the control group (P<0 .05) ,indica‐ting that the GSI and relative fecundity of small yellow croaker were enhanced by feeding high‐protein diet with VC and VE .The optimum fertilization rate of 23 .35% and hatching rate of 80 .56% ,were observed by injection of LHRH‐A2and 500 IU/kg HCG at a dose of 1 .2 μg/kg .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 250-254 [Abstract] ( 126 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1152 KB) ( 407 )

	255	Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Chinese Mitten Handed Crab Eriocheir sinensis f rom Qilihai by RAPD and ISSR Markers
		SHI Hongyue,LIU Yang,WANG Xiaomei,GAO Jinwei,QIU Linshan,LI Jingjing
		Two types of molecular markers ,namely ,Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter‐Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) were used to detect the genetic diversities at the intra sixth genera‐tion breeding population of Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis from Qilihai .Using 10 RAPD primers selected from 33 primers ,a total of 107 amplified loci ranging from 300 to 2300 bp were observed from 24 individuals ,and 66 of 107 loci detected were polymorphic with the percent of 61 .32% ,and the Shannon′s index of 18 .3419 .Eight ISSR primers of 50 primers used generated 106 reproducible and stable bands ,ranging from 200 to 1500 bp , 79 of 107 loci detected were polymorphic with the percent of 74 .53% ,and the Shannon′s index of 18 .8425 .These findings indicated that the sixth generation breeding population had high genetic diversity ,and that the proportion of polymorphic loci and Shannon′s index of Qilihai Chinese mitten handed crab were high ,indicating that they have abundant genetic diversity .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 255-260 [Abstract] ( 127 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2516 KB) ( 292 )

	261	Structure of Fish Community in Dalian Bay
		QIN Yubo,LIU Xiuze,DONG jing,LI Yiping,DUAN Yan
		The structure of fish community were analyzed preliminarily ,and the degree of disturbance was estimated through the species diversity index of fish community and the abundance/biomass curves based on the bottom trawl surveys in Dalian Bay during summer and winter in 2006 ,and spring and autumn in 2007 .A total of 31 species were collected belonging to 10 orders ,24 families and 31 genera .Fish fauna showed that warm‐temperate species were dominant in water temperature tolerance ,and demersal fishes were dominant in water depth of fish habitat .The biomass (43 .16 kg/h) and abundance(950 ind ./h) in summer were higher than in other three seasons .Fat greenling Hexagrammos otakii and Schilege′s rock‐fish Sebastes schlegeli were dominant species in each season . The Margalef species richness index (D) ranged from 0 .76 to 2 .16 ,the Shannon‐Winner diversity index(H′) ranged from 0 .63 to 1 .96 ,the Pielou evenness index(J′) ranged from 0 .36 to 0 .91 .The similarity of species compostion in Bray‐Curtis were high between each two seasons .The Shannon‐Winner index and ABC curves showed same results for the degree of disturbance of fish community which was moderately disturbed ,and the degree was higher in au‐tumn and winter than in autumn and summer .The findings can provide a scientific basic for bay ecosystem health assessment and marine ecological restoration .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 261-266 [Abstract] ( 110 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1091 KB) ( 297 )

	267	Tolerance of Juvenile Peanut Worm Sipunculus nudus to Temperature,Salinity and Desiccation
		LIN Jingchao,LIU Xujia,SHEN Xiashuang,WU Xueping,ZHOU Yuna,PAN Yida,HUANG Guoqiang,PAN Ying
		The tolerance of juvenile peanut worm Sipunculus nudus to abrupt and gradual changes in salini‐ty and temperature ,and desiccation was studied during the intermediate culture .It was found that the pea‐nut worm tolerated salinity extensively from 10 to 45 ,with suitable salinity ranging from 15 to 40 .The suitable water temperature was changed from 15 ℃ to 30 ℃ ,with high tolerance to low temperature .There was no mortality in the peanut worm exposed to low temperature and desiccation for 48 h ,but mass mortal‐ity were found in the peanut worm exposed to desiccation for 72—96 h .The findings indicate that S .nudus is a eurythermal and euryhaline species near coastal regions ,and strong competence to stand desiccation , with convenient for long distance transport .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 267-271 [Abstract] ( 100 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (919 KB) ( 329 )

	272	Development of a Reference Material for Leucomalachite Green Residues in Eel Muscle
		YIN Taikun,YANG Fang,LIU Zhengcai,LIN Yonghui
		Eel (A nguilla anguilla) was bathed in malachite green at certain concentration to make the malachite green enter the eel and contain leucomalachite green (LMG) in muscle via metabolism to estab‐lish a method for the preparation and certification of the reference material of leucomalachite green (LMG) residues in the muscle .The positive 500 bags of samples of eel were performed in one batch by the proce‐dure of homogenation ,vacuum packing and irradiation .The homogeneity and stability of samples were de‐tected by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) .The con‐centration of the chemical constituent of the sample was certified through the collaborative analysis pro‐gram participated by 8 laboratories ,and the uncertainty assessment was performed with property value of 2 .82 μg/kg ,and the expanded uncertainty of 0 .39 μg/kg (k= 2) .It is concluded that the preparation method for matrix reference materials for the dye residues provides one kind of reference .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 272-277 [Abstract] ( 69 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2048 KB) ( 230 )

	278	Epidemiological Investigation of Aeromonas hydrophila Infection Isolated in Major Fresh-water Fishes from Northern Regions in Henan,China
		HE Wenxu,MAO Huili,YANG Limin,FU Yundong,ZENG Hui,GUAN Jianyi
		To investigate the epidemiology of bacterial septicemia outbreak in fish ,Aeromonas hydrophila were isolated and identified from the northern regions of Henan Province ,China ,and the virulence and drug sensitive characteristics of pathogenic strains were verified .The diseased fish samples and water sam‐ples were collected from 4 fish cultured area in the northern regions of Henan Province .Epidemiological investigation were performed once a month ,and the distribution of A .hydrophila were detected by physi‐ological and biochemical and molecular biological methods .A total of 52 A .hydrophila strains ,32 patho‐genic strains ,20 non pathogenic strains ,were isolated and the pathogenic strains were primary distributed from July to September .Virulence experiment showed that there were different toxicities among 32 patho‐genic strains ,through which the highest virulent strain XDMG (4) were screened ,which will be as the vaccine strain for further experiments .Drug resistance indicated that differenct sensitivity to the same drug varried with different strains ,but most drug resistance was consistent .About 70% pathogenic strains were highly sensitive to Cefoperazone ,Florfenicol ,Ceftriaxone Sodium and Amikacin ,highly resistant to penicillin drugs ,with resistance rate of 100% ,and certain extent resistance to Aminoglycosides (except Amikacin) ,Sulfonamides ,and Tetracycline .The different strains showed differences in drug resistance . The findings would help enrich in epidemic data of the bacteria septicemia in this region ,and provide scien‐tific theoretical basis for human disease caused by A .hydrophila .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 278-283 [Abstract] ( 93 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1235 KB) ( 334 )

	284	Evaluation of Uncertainty in Detection of Diethylstilbestrol Residues in Fishery Products by GC-MS
		WANG Yu,KONG Xiangrui,LI Chengjiu
		The uncertainty of diethylstilbestrol residues in fishery products detected by gas chromatogra‐phy‐mass spectrometry method was evaluated from standard solution ,sample weighing ,sample constant volume ,calibration curve ,sample and detecting instrument used based on measurement uncertainty evalua‐tion and representation theory .The results showed that calibration curve fitting and sample detection were on the most extent involved in the uncertainty ,which provided an improvement direction for the reduction in measuring uncertainty and increase in measuring accuracy .The average report of diethylstilbestrol resi‐dues in fishery products was calculated to be (7 .58 ± 2 .20 ) μg/kg ,with uncertain extension of 2 .20μg/kg .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 284-288 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (746 KB) ( 328 )

	289	Calculation of Relative Body Weight Index of Chub Mackerel in Central East China Sea
		CHEN Yan,ZHOU Congyu,WANG Yingbin
		The relative body weight index (mr ) was calculated in chub mackerel (Pneumatophorus japonicus) based on the fork length and body weight data collected during 2009 and 2010 in the Central East China Sea in or‐der to evaluate the pressure of surrounding environment on chub mackerel stock .T he equation obtained by standard weight (ms ) was established as lg ms=0 .104574L2 +2 .945479L-2 .014981 based on the mid‐values of lg10‐trans‐formed fork length and body weight .The frequency of relative body weight and fork length showed that the range of mr was varied from 45 to 166 at fork length of below 10 cm ,and the range of mr was varied between 82 and 109 at fork length of about 15 cm .The frequency of the variation of mr tended to follow normal distribution ,although the variation of mr was relative large when the fork lengths were within smaller than 10cm and close to 20 cm .The calculation of mr of chub mackerel in the Central East China Sea provided convenience for the comparison of chub mackerels among different seas ,and provided baseline of the status of chub mackerel stock in surveyed area for fu‐ture studies .The index is not affected by the errors of the variation of fish body size ,and can be used in accurate comparison of the individuals derived from different populations with different temporal and spatial characteristics for future exploitation and management .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 289-292 [Abstract] ( 89 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1024 KB) ( 320 )

	293	Histological Observation of Digestive System of Japanese Crab Charybdis j aponica
		WANG Ling,GENG Jimei,LIU Yanhua,GUO Enmian
		To establish artificial breeding mode and exploit palatable feeds in production of Japanese crab Charybdis j aponica ,histostructure of its digestive system was studied by paraffin method and H · E dye technology .The digestive system of C .j aponica was composed of digestive tract and digestive gland .The digestive tract was consisted of mouth ,esophagus ,stomach ,midgut ,hindgut and anus ,and histostruc‐ture of digestive tract wall was divided into four layers from inside to outside ,namely the mucosa ,submu‐cosa ,muscular layer and adventitia .Abundant esophageal glands secreting mucus to help animals swallow food were found in esophageal submucosa .The setae or bone plates in chitin covered over epithelial layer of cardiac stomach played a role in grinding food .T he chitin layer in pyloric stomach converted into dense‐ly packed setae by which large food particles were blocked into the midgut .There was no chitin layer cov‐ering over the intestinal epithelium .Striated border of the epithelial cells took participate in the absorption of food .Digestive glands also named as hepatopancreas were complex tubular glands and made up of many small liver tubes .The mucosa epithelium of liver tube was composed of a single layer of columnar cells which were divided into four types :absorptive cell ,secretary cell ,fiber cell and embryonic cell .
		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 293-295 [Abstract] ( 74 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3283 KB) ( 397 )

	296	Research Perspectives on Characteristics of Nutrient Requirement in Broodstock and Larvae in Siluriformes
		ZHAO Ningning,LI Yong,MA Jun,ZHANG Jing,WANG Xiaochen

		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 296-301 [Abstract] ( 96 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (769 KB) ( 561 )

	302	Proteomics and Immune Responses in Skin of Fish
		L Aijun,HU Xiucai,SUN Jingfeng,SHI Hongyue,CHEN Chengxun,LI Li,KONG Xianghui

		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 302-307 [Abstract] ( 119 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (777 KB) ( 613 )

	308	Application Status of Fluorescence-labeled Technique in Stock Enhancement
		GENG Qian,ZHANG Shurong,DUAN Yan,LIU Yan,SUN Dianrong

		2016 Vol. 35 (3): 308-312 [Abstract] ( 88 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (756 KB) ( 428 )