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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2016 Vol. 35, No. 6 Published: 2016-06-25

Article

	607	Seasonal Environment Changes in Sediments of Sea Cucumber Aquaculture Ponds in Liaodong Bay
		WANG Bai,CHEN Zhong,GUAN Xiaoyan,JIANG Bei,GAO Shan,JIANG Jingwei,LI Nan,ZHOU Zunchun
		The oxygenated (OBP) and unoxygenated (UOP) at bottom ,the temperature ,sulfide content , pH and Eh at three layers (-5~0 cm ,-10~ -5 cm ,-15~ -10 cm) of the sediment were detected in summer ,autumn ,in 2013 ,and winter ,spring in 2014 ,meanwhile the temperature ,salinity ,DO ,pH , Eh of the sea surface and bottom water in the pond were detected to study the seasonal benthic environ‐ment changes of sea cucumber A postichopus j aponicus aquaculture ponds .The temperature ,sulfide con‐tent ,pH and Eh of sediment were compared between the pond without diseases (PO) and pond with disea‐ses (PD) during ice melted period .The results showed that there were significantly change in values of pH ,and reducibile oxidation‐reduction potential ,and in sulfide content in different layers in different sea‐sons in the sediments in both OBP and UOP .The sulfide content of the OBP sediment were significant lower than that in the UOP at the different seasons .There was correlationship between the oxidation‐re‐duction environment of sediment and the physic‐chemical environment of bottom sea water .Compared to the PO ,the pH of PD sediment was weakly acidic ,the oxidation‐reductionenvironment of the PD sediment was weak reduction features ,and the sulfide content of the PD sediment was significantly higher during ice melted period .T he findings provide basic data for ecological health cultivation and scientific management of sea cucumber aquaculture .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 607-612 [Abstract] ( 129 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3120 KB) ( 300 )

	613	Parental Contribution and Genetic Diversity between Broodstock and Offsprings in Swimming Crab (Portunus trituberculatus) Releasing into Natural Waters
		LIU Haiying,L Haibo,CUI Fan,XIE Wanlin,LI Baobao,WANG Lianshun,LIU Qi,CHEN Lei,XING Kun,WANG Xihong,SHI Hang,SONG Bin
		The releasing and enhancement of swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) stock has been car‐ried out since 2012 as the wild resources is decreased significantly in recent years .We used 10 microsatel‐lite markers to estimate genetic diversity ,the Probability of Exclusion (PE) ,paternity test accuracy ,and the parental contribution of 9 female parents ,based on 179 offsprings of swimming crab to consider the difference in contribution to reproduction between parents in the effectiveness of enhancement programs .It was found that there were significantly lower average heterozygosity and polymorphic information content (PIC) ,observed heterozygosity (Ho)in offsprings than those in the female parents ,with significant differ‐ence in excepted heterozygosity (He)between broodstock and offsprings (P<0 .05 ,Wilcoxon signed‐rank test) and without significant difference in Ho and PIC (P>0 .05) ,showing lower genetic diversity in the offsprings than in their female parents .The 4 microsatellite markers analysis revealed that the PE was ≥0 .998 and accuracy was 56 .98% .Using 6 microsatellite markers ,however ,the PE was ≥0 .9999 and ac‐curacy was 97 .21% ,and by using 8 microsatellite markers ,the accuracy was 100% ,indicating that the accuracy was increased with an increase in the number of microsatellite markers .Nine female parents were all found to be contributed in the production of offspring tested in this experiment ,with the maximal con‐tribution of 29 .61% and the minimal of 3 .35% ( P<0 .05 ,Nonparametric chi‐square test ) .T he findings indicate that the microsatellite markers as an effective means can be used for assessment of the genetic di‐versity of swimming crab in enhancement programs ,and that provide scientific basic data for the scientific development of crab breeding and releasing in China .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 613-619 [Abstract] ( 145 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (837 KB) ( 353 )

	620	Effects of Monoamines and 5-HT Antagonists on Larval Growth in Bay Scallop
		MA Bin,LIU Quansheng,WANG Wei,ZHAO Xia,ZHAO Yuming,WANG Chunde
		L‐dopamine and serotonin (5‐HT ) are routine monoamine neurotransmitters that may have dual effects on the larval growth of the bay scallop A rgopecten irradians irradians .They may accelerate larval growth by stimulating cilia beating and thus feeding while inhibition of larval growth may occur as a result of extra energy cost caused by accelerated ciliary movements .This study aimed to determine the ultimate outcome of the dual effects of L‐dopamine and 5‐HT on larval growth and also explore the underlying mechanism by examining the actions of 5‐HT and its antagonists ,trazodone and cyproheptadine .The re‐sults showed that larval growth was most accelerated by 0 .1 ng/L L‐dopamine and 1 .0 ng/L 5‐HT .The blockade of the 5‐HT actions by its antagonists suggests that 5‐HT may exert its effects via its binding to 5‐HT2 A receptor .These monoamines may be potentially used to accelerate larval growth in scallop cul‐ture .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 620-624 [Abstract] ( 127 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (782 KB) ( 244 )

	625	Comparative Analysis of Mitochondrial Cytb and COⅠ Sequences of Flounders Platichthys stellatus,Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae and Kareius bicoloratus
		LI Qing,WANG Bo,ZHENG Fengrong,LIU Hongzhan,GUO Xiangyun,GUAN Hongbin
		Flounders Platichthys stellatus ,Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae and Kareius bicoloratus were e‐conomically important marine fish in north China .To evaluate the relationship among the three members in Pleuronectidae and genetic information ,mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene (Cytb) and mitochondri‐al cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ gene (COⅠ) fragments of the three species(24 individuals in each spe‐cies) were preliminarily studied by PCR amplification and direct sequencing .By analyzing the sequence ob‐tained by manual processing ,we found that the Cytb gene fragment was 358 bp ,which contained 58 varia‐ble sites ,20 transitionsal pairs ,and 3 transversional pairs ,while the available length of the CO Ⅰ gene fragment was 559 bp ,including 56 variable sites ,18 transitionsal pairs and 3 transversional pairs .Analy‐sis of Cytb and COⅠ gene fragments revealed that both P .yokohamae and K .bicoloratus had a high hap‐lotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity w hile P .stellatus had low haplotype diversity and low nucleo‐tide diversity .Two kinds of phylogeny trees (Neighbor‐Joining Tree and UPGMA tree) based on cytb and COⅠ sequences showed that P .stellatus and K .bicoloratusis were closer than P .yokohamae in genetic relationship .Analysis of genetic diversity and genetic structure can provide an important theoretical basis for the conservation and management of fish ,and provide theoretical guidance and scientific basis for the healthy and sustainable development of pleuronectid aquaculture .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 625-632 [Abstract] ( 91 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3088 KB) ( 284 )

	633	Effects of Different Size and Density on Intermediate Seedling Culture of Sea Cucumber,Apostichopus j aponicus in Net Cages Disposed in Earthen Ponds
		WU Yanqing,ZHANG Yuxiang,DU Rongbin,WANG Zhibao,WANG Renlong,LIU Liming,LI Xiaojie
		Seedling culture of sea cucumber (A postichopus j aponicus) ,using net cages in earthen ponds , is a semi‐ecological seedling protection pattern arising in recent years .Field experiment was conducted in net cages set in earthen pond to investigate the effects of size [large size (0 .093 ± 0 .004) g/ind and small size (0 .024 ± 0 .001) g/ind] and density (low density 125 g/m3 ,middle density 250 g/m3 and high density 375 g/m3 ) on grow th ,yield and survival rate of sea cucumber during intermediate seedling culture period from July to October in 2014 .The results showed that the body weight and the specific growth rate of seedling were in low density higher than that in middle density and high density in the same size ,that the large size had significantly higher survival rate than the small size in the same density groups (P<0 .05) , that the survival rate of small size in low density was significantly higher than that in high density (P<0 .05) ,and that the survival rate of large size was significantly higher in low density than that in middle density and high density (P<0 .05) .There was no significant difference in total yield of seedling in differ‐ent density cages (P>0 .05) ,higher net production of seedling in low density than that in middle density and high density .The two‐way ANOVA revealed that the main effect of size and the interaction of two factors had significant influence on the survival rate (P<0 .05) ,the main effect of density had a highly sig‐nificant influence on the survival rate (P<0 .001) .The main effects as well as the interaction of the two factors were not found to be significant influence on the total yield (P>0 .05) .The main effect of size and the interaction of the two factors did not show significant influence on net production (P>0 .05) ,while main effect of density had a significant influence on net production (P<0 .05) .Therefore ,releasing of large size seedling with low density could not only ensure high survival rate and net production ,but also save seedling resources and feed quantity ,reduce the production and management cost per unit area ,eleva‐ting input‐output ratio and economic benefit during intermediate seedling culture period of sea cucumber .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 633-638 [Abstract] ( 131 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1095 KB) ( 219 )

	639	Optimization of Removal of Saponins in Gonad of Starfish Asterias rollestoni by Response Surface Analysis (Box-Bohnken)
		LIU Tianhong,LI Hongyan,WU Zhihong,LI Xiao,SUN Yuanqin,LU Jun,JIANG Xiaodong,WANG Ying
		A full scan of ultraviolet spectrophotometer was applied to detect gonad saponins of starfish As‐terias rollestoni ,and then removal conditions of the saponin were optimized by response surface method . Conditions of utilizing response surface method Box‐Bohnken were approximated to integer of ultrasonic time of 13 min ,ethanol concentration of 4 .5% ,and removal times of 2 .Three verification experiments under these conditions revealed that there was average saponins content of 0 .094 mg/g in residues ,ap‐proximated to the predicted figure of the model .Contrast to the 0 .325 mg/g before ,there was a removal ratio of 72 .3% ,indicating that the model of gonads saponin removal was established in success .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 639-643 [Abstract] ( 94 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (4383 KB) ( 287 )

	644	Effects of Concentrations of Chromium Ion on Histological Structure of Brain and Hepatopancreas and Hepatopancreatic SOD Activity in Grass Carp
		REN Hongtao,LIN Lin
		In the experiment ,the influence of different concentrations of Cr6+ (120 .00 ,160 .80 ,215 .47 , 288 .73 ,and 386 .90 mg/L) on histological structure of brain and hepatopancreas and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hepatopancreas were studied in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) with body weight of some 10 g at water temperature of (20 ± 1) ℃ by a hydrostatic test to seek for the accumulation and toxicity mechanism of heavy metal .It was found that the LC50 of Cr6+ to grass carp was 302 .77 mg/L in 24 h ,154 .47 mg/L in 48 h ,and 78 .89 mg/L in 96 h ,with safe concentration of 12 .068 mg/L calculated by formula(48 h LC50 × 0 .3)/(24 h LC50/48 h LC50 )2 and 7 .489 mg/L estimated by formula 96 h LC50 × 0 .1 .In the early stage of Cr6+ poisoning ,the grass carp exposed to Cr6+ had clustered hepatopancreas cells with slightly enlarged nuclei and the slightly exhibited cytoplasm .As the time elapsed ,the significantly aggregated hepatopancreatic cells showed obvious hypertrophy and disorder discrete .The nucleus was rel‐atively narrow in shape ,and the cavitation .The brain cells were found to be expansion ,discrete ,nuclear reduction ,a slight overflow of the cytoplasm ,a small number of brain cell cytoplasm overflow ,and resid‐ual nuclear material scattered distribution in the grass carp exposed to Cr 6+ ,thus leading to hepatopancre‐atic cell necrosis .With the increase in Cr6+ concentration and time ,the activity of SOD was decreased in the hepatopanceas of grass carp .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 644-648 [Abstract] ( 90 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3783 KB) ( 342 )

	649	Sequence Analysis of Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit Ⅰ (COⅠ) of Mitochondrial DNA Gene of Bigeye Mandarinfish Siniperca kneri in Karst Mountain
		GUO Jiankang,AN Miao,ZHOU Qichun,CAO Hengyuan,LI Shan,CHEN Xueweijie
		The partial mitochondrial CO Ⅰ sequences of 169 individuals of bigeye mandarinfish Siniperca kneri from three populations in Karst Mountain were amplified by PCR technique to analyze their sequence variation and the 1512 bp nucleotide sequences were obtained .The amplification showed that the average contents of A ,T ,G and C were 24 .9% ,28 .6% ,28 .7% and 17 .8% ,respectively ,the average content of AT(53 .5% ) being higher than that of GC (46 .5% ) .Five variable sites were detected and five different haplotypes were defined in 169 samples of the populations ,and the 10 variable loci were detected between the populations of S .kneri in Karst Mountain and S .kneri in Dongting lake ,most of which were occurred from 1268 nt to 1456 nt .There were no difference about codon usage among the three populations in Karst Mountain .Comparing to S .kneri in Dongting lake ,there were no significant differences in the first posi‐tions of codon usage ,higher content of T (40 .9% ) than the latter (39 .9% ) in the second codon positions , whereas the content of A and C was lower than the latter in the third codon positions .The codon usage was small discriminatory between bigeye mandarinfish in Karst Mountain and mandarinfish S .chuatsi in Dongting lake .Comparison of S .scherzeri ,S .obscura ,S .roulei and S .undulata revealed different dis‐criminatory at the first codon positions and third codon positions ,especially significantly lower content of A(30 .0% ) in S .obscura and S .undulata at the codon first positions than that (31 .8% ) in S .akneri in Karst mountain ,whereas G content (8 .9% ) of S . undulata was significantly higher than the latter (7 .3% ) .The total haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0 .395 and nucleotide diversity(Pi) was 0 .00029 ,there‐fore ,indicating a low genetic diversity level in the populations of S .kneri in Karst Mountain .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 649-657 [Abstract] ( 132 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1948 KB) ( 415 )

	658	Effect of Dietary Vitamin C on Growth and Immunity of Juvenile Loach
		WU Di,GUAN Tingting,ZHANG Siyu,ZHAO Xingwen
		The basal diet were supplemented with 0 ,50 ,120 ,240 ,360 ,500 mg/kg vitamin C(L‐ascorbyl‐2‐polyphosphate) ,and fed loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) with initial body weight of (1 .996 ± 0 .176) g twice (8:00 and 20 :00) a day for ten weeks in 18 grass jars (85 cm × 55 cm × 50 cm) containing 30 fish to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin C on growth performance (survival ,specific growth rate) ,immunity (total antioxidant capacity and activities of lysozyme and superoxide dismutase )and the tissue concentration in juvenile loach .The results showed that with the extension to the vitamin C accumulation ,the specific grow th rate (SGR) of juvenile loach increased obviously from 0 mg/kg to 132 .2 mg/kg ,significantly better than the other groups(P<0 .05) .With the increase in the vitamin C content ,the concentration in hepato‐pancreas and muscle was first increased ,and then fell down with the maximum value of 132 .2 mg/kg and 248 .8 mg/kg .So did the lysozyme ,with the maximum level of 362 .6 mg/kg(P<0 .05) ,and increase in to‐tal antioxidant capacity .We used the specific grow th rate and lysozyme activity to draw the Broken Line E‐quation to describe the best suitable supplement of vitamin C ,at the optimal dose of 95 mg/kg and 423 .3 mg/kg .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 658-662 [Abstract] ( 141 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (814 KB) ( 409 )

	663	Species Composition and Community Diversity of Nekton Catch in Yantian Harbor Area in Sansha Bay in Coatal Fujian
		WANG Feiyue
		The species composition ,density distribution and diversity of nekton catch were analyzed ,based on data from fisheries resources investigation by bottom trawl in waters of Yantian Harbor area coastal Fu‐jian province in November 2012 and March 2013 .The results showed that there were 66 speceis of nekton in the water ,including 40 fish species (60 .6% ) ,23 crustacean (34 .8% ) ,and 3 cephalopod (4 .5% ) .The 9 species had relative importance index (IRI) of over 500 ,including half smouth tongue‐sole Cynoglossus semilaevis ,edible mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria ,Sillago sihama ,Charybdis bimaculata ,periscope shrimp Trachypenaeus curvirostris ,Trypauchen vagina ,Thryssa mystax ,large mouth craker Pseudosci‐aena crocea and Parapenaeposis hardwickii .The density of biomass (weight and number) was 996 .31 kg/km2 and 135 .64 × 103 ind ./km2 in November 2012 and 668 .25 kg/km2 and 87 .50 × 103 ind ./km2 in March 2013 .The nektons had richness (D) of 3 .20 in range of 1 .77—5 .73 ,Shannon‐wiener index (H′)3 .49 in range of 1 .77—5 .73 ,and evenness index ( J′) 0 .77 in range of 0 .58—0 .89 .Overall ,the fisheries ecologi‐cal environment in the water is favorable ,the species of nektons are abundant ,the species were well‐dis‐tributed and the community construction was stabilization ,wich was suitable for nekton growing and breeding .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 663-668 [Abstract] ( 98 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3996 KB) ( 388 )

	669	Isolation of Active Compounds from Eugenia caryophy llata against Ichthyophthirius multi filiis in Vitro
		YAO Jiayun,XU Yang,YUAN Xuemei,LIN Lingyun,YIN Wenlin,PAN Xiaoyi,HAO Guijie,SHEN Jinyu
		Ichthyophthirius multif iliis is a holotrichous protozoan that invades the gills and skin surfaces of fish and can cause morbidity and high mortality in most species of freshwater fish worldwide .The pres‐ent study was undertaken to investigate the antiparasitic activity of crude extracts and pure compounds from Eugenia caryophyllata .The dried E .caryophyllata was extracted successively in a separating fun‐nel with petroleum ether ,ethyl acetate ,chloroform and methanol ,in w hich only the petroleum ether ex‐tract showed promising activity (100% effectiveness against I .multif iliis theronts and encysted tomonts at the concentration of 50 .0 mg/L and 80 .0 mg/L respectively ) and therefore ,was fractionated on silica gel column chromatography in a bioactivity‐guided isolation affording a compound showing potent activity . The structure of the compound was elucidated as clove oil by hydrogen and carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic reso‐nance spectrum and electron ionization mass spectrometry .The in vitro tests revealed that clove oil was found to be 100% effective against encysted tomonts at the concentration of 16 .0 mg/L . The results showed that clove oil has potent anti‐parasitic efficacy with the 15 min‐,1 h‐,2 h‐,3 h‐and 4 h‐LC50 (95%Confidence Intervals) of 6 .21 (5 .85—6 .65) mg/L ,3 .50 (3 .24—3 .84) mg/L ,2 .90 (2 .62—3 .22) mg/L , 2 .33 (2 .10—2 .50) mg/L and 2 .15 (1 .98—2 .32) mg/L against theronts of I .multi f iliis ,respectively . The findings provide important information for the potential application of clove oil in the therapy of seri‐ous infection caused by I .multi f iliis .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 669-674 [Abstract] ( 92 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1511 KB) ( 324 )

	675	Distribution of Chlorophyll-a Concentration in Sea Waters of Liaodong Bay in Summer and Winter
		WANG Kun,WU Jing,DU Jing,WANG Nianbin
		To investigate the distribution of chlorophyll‐a in sea water of Liaodong Bay ,38 samples were collected in surface ,interface ,and bottom water in two seasons ,August (summer) and December (win‐ter) of 2013 .The concentrations of chlorophyll‐a were monitored and analyzed ,and correlation analysis was used to show the linkages between different parameters ,to determine the possible influential factors of the variation in chlorophyll‐a concentration .The results showed that the average concentration of chloro‐phyll‐a in this area was 6 .90 μg/L in summer ,and 1 .26 μg/L in winter ,indicating that there was signifi‐cantly higher average concentration of chlorophyll‐a the in summer than that in winter .Analysis revealed that the level of chlorophyll‐a in the mouth of Liaodong bay was higher than that in the inner bay in sum‐mer horizontally .However ,it has an opposite tendency in winter .Vertically ,the maximal level of chloro‐phyll‐a was observed in the surface layer of Liaodong Bay ,followed by interface layer and the minimal at the bottom .In winter ,the tendency made a great difference ,the order of the chlorophyll‐a concentration was descrbed as the interface layer ,the bottom water and the surface water ,showing obvious spatial and temporal distribution of chlorophyll‐a .Concerned about the investigation of environmental factors such as temperature ,salinity ,dissolved oxygen and nutrients during the same period ,it is concluded that this find‐ing is primarily attributed to the seasonal variation in environmental factors in this area .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 675-680 [Abstract] ( 140 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2955 KB) ( 525 )

	681	Morphological Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Brown Seaweed Sargassum pseudolanceolatum var .tanmen,a New Variety in Sargassum Genus
		ZOU Xiaoxiao,LIU Xinxin,ZHU Jun,LIN Yong,HUANG Huiqin,BAO Shixiang
		A previously unreported Sargassum species was identified in Tanmen ,Qionghai city of Hainan province .Morphological identification revealed that most features of the unreported Sargassum species were very similar to S . pseudolanceolatum ,except for the structures of vesicles ,thus ,it was named S . pseudolanceolatum var . tanmen .Further analysis of the sequence characteristics of internal transcribed space ,and the genetic relationship between S .pseudolanceolatum var .tanmen and other Sargassum spe‐cies showed that S .pseudolanceolatum var .tanmen belonged to S .subgen .Sargassum ,and was closely related to S .v achellianum and S .henslow ianum .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 681-685 [Abstract] ( 101 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1702 KB) ( 327 )

	686	Comparison of Complete Mitochondrial Genomes and ITS 2 Regions in Whelks Volutharpa perryi and Buccinium pemphigum
		BAO Xiangbo
		In this study ,we amplified the complete mitochondrial genome and ITS2 nucleotides in whelks Volutharpa perryi and Buccinium pemphigum .After the whelks were sequenced and assembled ,the soft‐ware Bioedit 7 .0 .1 ,Mega 5 and Phylip‐3 .695 were used to analyze the data .The complete mitogenome was 15 255 bp in V .perryi and 15 265 bp in B .pemphigum in length ,similar in composition and AT con‐tent ,and identical in gene order .The ITS2 sequences of V .perryi and B .pemphigum were 340 bp and 329 bp in length ,with the identity of 83 .6% .By comparison ,both mitogenome and ITS2 sequences were found to be similar to most known Neogastropoda animals .Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the complete mitogenome and ITS2 sequences ,showing a close relationship between the two species .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 686-692 [Abstract] ( 166 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (887 KB) ( 532 )

	693	Culture Adaptability of 5 Species of Economically Important Shellfish to Intertidal Zone from Dagang in Tianjin
		LI Yongren,LI Tong,JIAO Jianhua
		A rearing trial was carried out to monitoring and analysis of growth and survival of 5 shellfish species ,the bottom quality and food organism in the test area to evaluate the culture adaptability of these shellfish in intertidal zone of Dagang ,Tianjin .The results showed that the shellfish grew slowly and had heavy loss from May to August ,but showed opposite case from September to November .The ooze at bot‐tom was thick and the food organisms in sea water was insufficient in summer ,and the opposite case was observed in Spring or August .It was found that the beach was suitable for cultivation of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and Scapharcasubcrenata ,less suitable for the cultivation of Ruditapes philippinarum and Cyclina sinensis ,and not suitable for Sinonovacula constrzcta .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 693-696 [Abstract] ( 83 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (867 KB) ( 414 )

	697	Gene Structure and Expression of Apo-A1 Gene f rom Swamp Eel
		KAN Yanze,JIANG Ao,SUN Wenxiu,LI Wei
		In this paper ,full‐length cDNA and genomic structure of Apo‐A1 gene were identified based on the cDNA fragment that we previously reported .Tissue distribution and immune response of the Apo‐A1 gene to bacterial challenge were investigated .Results showed that the full‐length cDNA was 1207 bp in length including a 32 bp‐long 5′untranslated region (UTR) encoding a 262 amino acids .In the 1391 bp‐long genomic DNA ,just one intron was identified .Real‐time quantitative PCR demonstrated that Apo‐A1 transcripts were ubiquitously expressed in ten tissues ,with distinctly different expression level .Signifi‐cant changes were observed in intestine ,liver and spleen after the fish was challenged with pathogenic bac‐terium Aeromonas hydrophilia .The findings suggeste that Apo‐A1 may involve in the immune system of this fish .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 697-701 [Abstract] ( 85 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2001 KB) ( 186 )

	702	Phytoplankton Community Structure in Waters near Tianjin Port
		SUN Yanbin,ZHANG Shulin,ZHANG Dajuan,BI Xiangdong
		Features of the phytoplankton community structure were studied in waters near the Tianjin Port in April ,June ,August ,September and November in 2014 .The results showed that a total of 40 species from 20 genera belonging to 17 families in 2 phyla were identified in the surveyed area .The cell abundance of phytoplankton in survey area was from 0 .03 × 104cells/L to 10 .12 × 104cells/L ,density from 0 .28μg/L to 32 .50 μg/L ,the absolute dominat bacillariophya in phytoplankton species ,including 28 species from 13 genera belonging to 28 families ,accounting for 68 .3% of the total species .The average of Shannon‐Wiener index ,Margalef and Pielou index of phytoplankton in the 5 cruises was 1 .2462 ,0 .7539 and 0 .4305 ,re‐spectively .The comprehensive analysis revealed that the phytoplankton biodersity in the Tianjin Port near waters of Bohai Bay was low level and simple in community composition .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 702-707 [Abstract] ( 134 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (2107 KB) ( 271 )

	708	Preparation Procedures of Edible Sodium Alginate Film
		YUAN Rui,CONG Haihua,WANG Qiukuan,HE Yunhai,SONG Yuefan,REN Dandan,LIANG Wenwen
		This paper is mainly concerned about processing conditions and the properties of the edible sodi‐um alginate film wich was prepared by sodium alginate (SA) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as raw materials by procedures of dissolving ,mixing ,degassing ,pouring ,calcifying and drying .The tech‐nology was optimized by regulation of SA/HPMC ratio ,dissolving temperature ,CaCl2 concentration ,cal‐cification time ,SA concentration and HPMC concentration in the orthogonal experiment .The findings in‐dicated that the 10 mg/mL of SA and 50 mg/mL of HPMC were dissolved respectively and formed as gel solutions .The two gel solutions were mixed based on the mass ratio of 1∶1 and then formed film by spreading the mixed gel on the plain container .The results showed that the formed film was calcified by 10 mg/mL of CaCl2 for 10 min .The calcified edible film was analyzed to have thickness of 0 .14 mm ,a tensile strength of 2 .97 MPa ,light transmittance of 64 .09% ,and drying weight loss of 9 .97% .The artificial gastric juice disintegration time was found to be more than 24 h and artificial intestinal disintegration of 2 .07 h .This relatively simple process has good film‐forming ,laid the foundation of theory and practice for further research about process of plant‐derived hard capsule with sodium alginate .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 708-712 [Abstract] ( 83 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (780 KB) ( 386 )

	713	Detection of Carbohydrate Terminals in Parasite Ichthyophthirius multi filiis Trophont
		LAI Xiaojian,XIONG Jing,ZHANG Zhe,LI Zhongqin
		In the present study ,parasite Ichthyophthirius multi filiis invaded into skin ,gill and fin of gold fish (Crassius auratus) was sampled ,and the special binding sites of the parasitic trophont′s carbohydrate residues were pinpointed using plant lectins Con A ,WGA ,SBA and UEA‐Ⅰ .The results showed Con A and WGA immunostainings were observed in the parasite trophonts ,and Con A immunostaining was stronger than WGA .SBA and UEA‐Ⅰ immunostainings were not found in the tissues .Trophonts in the gill showed stronger Con A immunostaining than those in the skin and fin . The trophonts in the fin showed stronger WGA immunostaining than those in the skin and gill .There were mannose/glucose resi‐dues and also N‐acetylglucosamine residues in the trophonts .It is inferred that trophonts in the gill had more mannose/glucose residues than those in the skin and fin ,and trophont in the fin had more N‐acetyl‐glucosamine residues than those in the skin and gill .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 713-717 [Abstract] ( 87 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (4329 KB) ( 332 )

	718	Evaluation of Effect of Chlorine Dioxide Disinfection in a Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS)
		HAN Houwei,WANG Xianping,ZHANG Lili,LIU Hao,HU Jiaping,WANG Shunkui,YU Kaisong,JIANG Xin,ZHAO Lili,SHAO Wei,WANG Zhenyang
		T he effect of chlorine dioxide (ClO2 ) disinfection in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS ) was evaluated to direct the disinfection work in daily production practice .The ClO2 disinfection work was carried out in 2 successive days once a month using at a dose of 1 mg/L . To evaluate the disinfection effect ,the perniciousness to biological film and the effect on state of fishes′life after using ClO2 were ana‐lyzed .Firstly ,water sampling was conducted before the first and second disinfection ,and 24 h after disin‐fection ,respectively .Heterotrophic bacteria (HB) population detection of each water sample showed that HB had a significant decrease 24 h after the first disinfection(P<0 .01) ,without significant dfference at 48 h(P> 0 .05) ,and then the second disinfection had no significant change (P> 0 .05) .Meanwhile ,the change in the concentrations NH4‐N and NO2‐N in the water during the final and initial 2 months of ClO2 disinfection was also monitored to indirectly evaluate the perniciousness of ClO 2 to the biological film in RAS .The results showed that NH4‐N and NO2‐N concentration increased from 1 .0 mg/L ,0 .30 mg/L 7 days after the disinfection to 1 .25 mg/L ,0 .36 mg/L ,for 10 days and then reduced to the normal level . The ClO2 disinfection indicated that there was no harm to the fish behavor and daily feeding .The findings indicate that ClO2 disinfection at a dose of 1 mg/L in RAS could significantly decrease the heterotrophic bacterial (HB) populations ,with no harm to the fish behavor and daily feeding ,but cause a slight damage to the biological film ,so it should be used carefully .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 718-722 [Abstract] ( 106 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1846 KB) ( 306 )

	723	Critical Photoperiod and Sensitive Light Intensity of Diapause Induction in Parthenogenetic Artemia (Crustacea:Anostraca) from Aibi Lake,China
		HE Tingting,WANG Zhichao,CHENG Yong,HE Jiangtao,ZHOU Yafei,LU Xipeng,MEI Jingnan
		The embryonic development of A rtemia follows two modes :oviparity with production of encys‐ted diapause embryos (cysts ,diapause mode) and ovoviviparity with release of live nauplii (nondiapause mode) .Recent results show that photoperiods probably is the major token stimuli in A rtemia diapause in‐duction .It is meaningful to get critical photoperiod and sensitive light intensity in A rtemia culture .With this purpose ,critical photoperiod and sensitive light intensity were assayed using a parthenogenetic A r‐temia from Aibi Lake (Xinjiang ,China) a laboratory at a salinity of 80 at 25 ℃ .The photoperiodic re‐sponse curves of this population showed similarity with typical long‐day species of insect with a critical dark length of (8 .38 ± 0 .37) h (base on the data except the constant light and constant dark group ) .A‐bout the two extreme situations ,the diapause incidence was (32 .42 ± 6 .70)% ,significantly lower than other nearby long darkness photoperiods (P<0 .01) under constant darkness ,and the diapause incidence (19 .01 ± 5 .98)% was slightly higher at constant light than other nearby short darkness photoperiods , without significant difference ( P> 0 .05) .Sensitive light intensity experiment under long‐photoperiods (18L∶6D) showed that the sensitive light intensity of this population perhaps lied between 10 lx and 50 lx .All these findings are important for understanding of A rtemia diapause induction ,with practical appli‐cations for management of A rtemia reproduction under control .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 723-726 [Abstract] ( 114 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (850 KB) ( 305 )

	727	Larva Rearing of Malaysian Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Artificial Sea Water
		HUANG Guanghua,MA Huawei,YANG Yanhao,HUANG Libin,FENG Pengfei,L Min,LU Xiaohua,TONG Guixiang
		Chemicals MgSO4 ∶CaCl2 ∶KCl∶H3B3O3 ∶KBr∶EDTA∶ lime stone were mixed at a ratio of 2000∶600∶72∶36∶24∶4∶1∶2 to make artificial sea water where Malaysian prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae were reared to research feasibility of Malaysian prawn larva rearing in artificial sea wa‐ter .The water quality detection proved that artificial sea water prepared by a ratio of Mg 2+ ,K+ and Ca2+=3∶1∶1 ,closed to natural sea water ,was non‐toxic .In the artificial sea water ,680 thousands of postla‐rvae was obtained with survival rate of 85% ,ecdysis rate of 16 .82% ,and specific grow th rate of 25 .34% /d ,higher than those in nature sea water .The findings indicate that artificial seawater can be used for Mal‐aysian praw n larva rearing .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 727-730 [Abstract] ( 119 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (969 KB) ( 264 )

	731	Effect of Lipopolysaccharide Treatment on Expression of Ig Isotypes In Zebrafish
		WANG Zhiping,HU Qingling,HAO Zhuan
		The healthy zebrafish were immersed in 20μg/mL LPS solution for 24 h ,and the expressions of IgM ,IgD and IgZ were analyzed by real‐time fluorescent quantitative PCR .In the control group ,the ex‐pression levels of IgZ and IgD were similar ,lower than that of IgM ,indicating a possible heighted role for the IgM isotype .After LPS challenge ,the expression of all Ig isotypes was significantly increased with a peak in 12 h .However ,the increase range of IgM and IgZ significantly exceeded that of IgD ,and their ex‐pression remained higher level than that in the control until 24h ,indicating that IgM and IgZ played more important immunological role in response to antigen invasion .Moreover ,IgM up‐regulated its expression a bit more rapidly than IgZ did ,hinting at the clue that the humoral immune system might respond to LPS challenge a bit faster than the mucosal immune system .
		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 731-734 [Abstract] ( 102 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (887 KB) ( 481 )

	735	Research Progress of Ocean Acidification and Its Ecological Efficiency in China
		XU Xuemei,WU Jinhao,LIU Pengfei

		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 735-740 [Abstract] ( 148 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1605 KB) ( 715 )

	741	Effect of Ocean Acidification on Calcification and Growth of Endoskeleton and Otolith in Aquatic Animals
		XU Youqing,WANG Honglei,LIU Yongqiang,DING Zhaokun

		2016 Vol. 35 (6): 741-746 [Abstract] ( 124 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (800 KB) ( 462 )