Abstract：In order to explore the fighting behavior of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii under different culture conditions and enrich the behavioral research content of red swamp crayfish, two trails were designed in this study. In the first stage, 50 red swamp crayfish in the isolation group were put into the non isolation group domestication boxes (single-group), and 50 red swamp crayfish in the non isolation group were put into other domestication boxes (group-group). After 24 hours, the survival number of red swamp crayfish in each box was recorded. In the second stage, the same-sex red swamp crayfish in the isolation group and the non isolation group, whose body weight and body length were close to each other, were paired in two groups (the non isolation group was not paired with the original partner) to form 36 pairs of fighting groups, recorded the fight with the camera. The time of the first fight between red swamp crayfish (the length of hesitation period), the time of each fight, the total fighting time and the number of fighting rounds were recorded. The ratio of the total fighting time to the number of fighting rounds, i.e. the average fighting time, was taken as the standard to measure the fighting strength. The results of the first phase of the experiment showed that the single-group mortality was significantly higher than that in the group-group (P<0.05). The results of the second experiment showed that the fighting rate, the number of fighting rounds, the total fighting time and the fighting intensity of the red swamp crayfish kept in isolation were significantly greater than those in the non-isolated state (P<0.05). However, after eliminating the no fighting samples, there was no significant difference in the fighting behavior parameters of red swamp crayfish in the two feeding conditions (P>0.05). The results revealed that red swamp crayfish raised in an isolated environment were more aggressive, but isolation did not enhance the fighting capacity of red swamp crayfish. When a red swamp crayfish entered an unfamiliar environment from an isolated environment, death was more likely to occur (invaders died, or native died, or both died).
[1]Chidester F. The biology of the crayfish[J]. The American Naturalist,1912,46(545):279-293. [2]Issa F A, Adamson D J, Edwards D H. Dominance hierarchy formation in juvenile crayfish Procambarus clarkii[J]. Journal of Experimental Biology,2000,202(Pt 24):3497-3506. [3]Goessmann C, Hemelrijk C, Huber R. The formation and maintenance of crayfish hierarchies: behavioral and self-structuring properties[J]. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology,2000,48(6):418-428. [4]Ueno R, Nagayama T. Interlocking of chelae is a key factor for dominance hierarchy formation in crayfish[J]. Journal of Experimental Biology,2012,215(16):2841-2848. [5]Richard V B. Some factors affecting aggressive behavior in crayfish[J]. Physiological Zoology,1956,29(2):127-136. [6]Hazlett B, Rubenstein D, Rittschof D. Starvation, energy reserves, and aggression in the crayfish Orconectes virilis (Hagen,1870) (Decapoda, Cambaridae)[J]. Crustaceana,1975,28(1):11-16. [7]Figler M H, Twum M, Peeke F H V S. Maternal aggression in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii, Girard): the relation between reproductive status and outcome of aggressive encounters with male and female conspecifics[J]. Behaviour,1995,132(1/2):107-125. [8]邱高峰,堵南山,赖伟.克氏原螯虾交配行为的研究[J].上海水产大学学报,1995,4(1):39-44. [9]江舒,庞璐,黄成.外来种克氏原螯虾的危害及其防治[J].生物学通报,2007,42(5):15-16. [10]王陈路,田捷,陈友明,等.不同地位克氏原螯虾胜利者-失败者效应的稳定性[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(5):799-805. [11]熊青海,韦维婷,夏爱军,等.克氏原螯虾母性抚育行为及食仔行为对子代的影响[J].水产科技情报,2011,38(3):109-111. [12]Fero K, Simon J L, Jourdie V, et al. Consequences of social dominance on crayfish resource use[J]. Behaviour,2007,144(1):61-82. [13]Herberholz J, McCurdy C, Edwards D H. Direct benefits of social dominance in juvenile crayfish[J]. The Biological Bulletin,2007,213(1):21-27. [14]王陈路,曾小翠,沈佳琰,等.不同地位克氏原螯虾对社会环境改变的行为反应[J].动物学杂志,2015,50(4):555-562. [15]熊青海,陈婷,李佳佳,等.亲缘关系对克氏原螯虾仔虾种内斗争的影响[J],水产科学,2011,30(5):291-294. [16]杨若蒙,赵欣,黄成,等.交配前克氏原螯虾格斗行为差异研究[J].水产科技情报,2013,40(6):289-293. [17]田捷,陈友朋,祝安琪,等.空间大小及饲养模式对克氏原螯虾幼虾生长的影响[J].水产科学,2018,37(6):825-829. [18]王陈路,高倩影,唐建清,等.克氏原螯虾领域占有现象的研究及其在养殖中的应用[J].水产科学,2015,34(2):118-121. [19]Martin A L, Moore P A, Iii A L M. The influence of dominance on shelter preference and eviction rates in the crayfish, Orconectes rusticus[J]. Ethology,2008,114(4):351-360. [20]Edens F W, Bursian S J, Holladay S D. Grouping in Japanese quail: 1. agonistic behavior during feeding[J]. Poultry Science,1983,62(8):1647-1651. [21]Drews C. The concept and definition of dominance in animal behaviour[J]. Behaviour,1993,125(3/4):283-313. [22]李艺,李晓东.甲壳动物攻击行为的研究进展[J]. 水产科学,2019,38(3):428-434. [23]尚玉昌. 动物行为学 [M]. 2版.北京:北京大学出版社,2014.219-220. [24]Moore P, Schneider R A Z, Huber R. Individual and status recognition in the crayfish, Orconectes rusticus: the effects of urine release on fighting dynamics[J]. Behaviour,2001,138(2):137-153. [25]Schneider R A Z, Schneider R W S, Moore P A. Recognition of dominance status by chemoreception in the red swamp crayfish,Procambarus clarkii[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology,1999,25(4):781-794. [26]Shabani S, Kamio M, Derby C D. Spiny lobsters use urine-borne olfactory signaling and physical aggressive behaviors to influence social status of conspecifics[J]. The Journal of Experimental Biology,2009,212(Pt 15):2464-2474. [27]王山.断螯对克氏原螯虾的影响[D].南京:南京大学,2018:5-6. [28]Pavey C R,Fielder D R.The influence of size differential on agonistic behaviour in the freshwater crayfish,Cherax cuspidatus (Decapoda:Parastacidae)[J].Journal of Zoology,1996,238(3):445-457. [29]Hazlett B, Ameyaw-Akumfi R C. Factors affecting the daily movements of the crayfish Orconectes virilis (Hagen, 1870) (Decapoda, Cambaridae)[J]. Crustaceana. Supplement,1979(5):121-130. [30]Cain N W, Anderson R, Stein L, et al. Effects of prior social experience on agonistic responding by Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens)[J]. Animal Learning & Behavior,1980,8(3):491-496. [31]Moore P A. Agonistic behaviour in freshwater crayfish: the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on aggressive encounters and dominance[G]// Duffy J E, Thiel M. Evolutionary ecology of social and sexual systems: crustaceans as model organisms. New York:Oxford University,2007:90-114. [32]陈翔宇,王陈路,李佳佳,等.盐度对克氏原螯虾格斗行为及存活率的影响[J].水产科技情报,2013,40(3):126-130.
2021, Vol. 40 
