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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2014 Vol. , No. 12 Published: 2014-12-25

Article

	785	Acute Toxicity of Four Chemicals to Juvenile Pacific White Leg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and Bastard Halibut Paralichthys olivaceus
		CAI Li-shan,LUO Yao-ming,LI Duo-hui,XU Wei-ding,WANG Li-mei,LI Shu-man
		Acute toxicity of polyvinyl alcohol ,propylene oxide ,acrylic acid and isoprene to juvenile Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei with body weight of (0 .19 ± 0 .01) g and bastard halibut Paralich‐thys olivaceus with body weight of (4 .48 ± 1 .03) g was studied at water temperature of 18—20 ℃ by static and semi‐static bioassay .It was found that LC50 of polyvinyl alcohol ,propylene oxide ,acrylic acid and iso‐prene to juvenile Pacific white leg shrimp was 3823 .90 ,119 .90 ,376 .90 and 28 .36 mg/L for 24 h ,respec‐tively ,3368 .70 ,92 .28 ,280 .70 and 26 .60 mg/L for 48 h ,3085 .30 ,68 .58 ,193 .00 and 25 .33 mg/L for 72h ,and 2971 .10 ,60 .90 ,122 .60 and 25 .33 mg/L for 96 h ,with safe concentration of 297 .10 ,6 .09 , 12 .26 ,and 2 .53 mg/L ,indicating the toxicity descendant order of isoprene (moderate toxicity )> propyl‐ene oxide (moderate toxicity )> acrylic acid (low toxicity )> polyvinyl alcohol (low toxicity ) .T he LC50 of propylene oxide ,acrylic acid and isoprene to bastard halibut juveniles was shown to be 139 .90 ,243 .80 and 26 .41 mg/L for 24 h ,respectively ,137 .20 ,236 .00 and 26 .41 mg/L for 48 h ,132 .90 ,229 .00 and 26 .41 mg/L for 72 h ,and 130 .60 ,225 .40 and 26 .41 mg/L for 96 h ,with safe concentration of 13 .06 ,22 .54 and 2 .64 mg/L respectively ,indicating the toxicity descendant order of isoprene (moderate toxicity )>propylene oxide (low toxicity)> acrylic acid (low toxicity) .The findings may provide the reference to ec‐ological toxicology research of polyvinyl alcohol ,propylene oxide ,acrylic acid and isoprene to marine or‐ganisms .
		2014 Vol. (12): 785-790 [Abstract] ( 88 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (788 KB) ( 229 )

	791	Molecular Epidemiology of Pathogen Streptococcus agalactiae from Tilapia in Southern China
		WANG Bei,LI Yuan,CHEN He,LI Gui-huan,LU Yi-shan,TANG Ju-feng,CAI Jia,WU Zao-he,JIAN Ji-chang
		Identification was carried out in 128 strains of Streptococcus isolated from tilapia in southern China (Guangdong ,Guangxi and Hainan provinces ) from 2010 to 2011 by Bio‐MerieuxVITEK and 16S rRNA sequence analysis and 7 housekeeping genes were seguenced in 104 strains of S .agalactiae by Mul‐tilocus Sequence Typing (MLST ) technique to evaluate the genetic diversity of S . agalactiae .Results were analyzed and compared with sequence information in PubMLST databases to determine a strain allelic profile and assigned a sequence type (ST ) .It was found that total 104 strains were within 3 clone se‐quences :ST‐7 and 2 types of unidentified NST‐1 and NST‐2 ,NST‐1 having the maximal proportion of 88 .5% (92/104) .It was revealed that there were multiple clonal sequences of S .agalactiae isolate from tilapia in southern China with high pathogenetic and prevalent .It is suggested that S . agalactiae isolate from tilapia be intense surveillance efforts .The findings indicate that MLST technique is an ideal tool to reveal genetic evolution profile of S .agalactiae isolated from tilapia in southern China .
		2014 Vol. (12): 791-799 [Abstract] ( 55 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1171 KB) ( 173 )

	800	The RNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis in Mature Gonads of Long-tailed Goldfish Carassius auratus
		ZHANG Sheng-li,FU Cheng-dong,LIANG Yong-jun,LI Wen-tong,SUN Yan-sheng,SHI Dong-jie,ZHANG Xin
		The transcriptome of mature gonads was constructed and sequenced in long -tailed gold strain of goldfish Carassius auratus by Lllumina RNA sequencing .Through sequencing ,61769892 clean data in‐cluding 6 .18G bp were obtained in the ovary with an average error rate of 0 .03% ,and 69557514 clean data including 6 .96G bp in testis with an average error rate 0 .03% .The terminal GC content for library was 51 .15% in the left ovary and 51 .2% in the right ovary ,and 48 .91% in the left testis and 49 .44% in the right testis .The two libraries represented a total of 170245 transcripts ,with 80591 unigenes .As deter‐mined by the multiple databases ,functional annotation of 51364 unigenes was obtained ,accounting for 63 .73% of the total .All of the unigenes were found to be functional by classification of GO software ,and unigenes involved in cell process ,cell and binding occupied major proportion in the secondary classifica‐tion .There were 17347 SSR markers and 363416 SNP markers throughout the transcriptomic data .The gene expression differences between the two transcriptome revealed that 6317 genes expressed differentially in male and female samples .The findings provided basic data for the gene cloning and screening of the goldfish ,as well laid the foundation for clarifying the molecular mechanism of gonadal differentiation and development .
		2014 Vol. (12): 800-806 [Abstract] ( 100 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (6151 KB) ( 314 )

	807	Screening and Antagonistic Conditions of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Vibrio parahaemolyticus
		YANG Sheng-yuan,WEI Jin
		The strain JNT02 ,which showed significantly inhibitory effects on the growth of Vibrio parah‐aemolyticus with (20 .87 ± 0 .83) mm diameter of antibiotic circle fermented broth for antimicrobial activity assay ,was screened from 42 bacterial strains isolated from vegetable garden soils ,garlic plants ,soybean plants ,vine peanut plants ,freshwater lake silts ,cactus plants ,celery plants ,bacterial soybean lobster sauce and Japanese natto especially producing antibiotic substances against Escherichia coli .The strain JNT02 was classified into Bacillus subtilis base on 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenic analysis .In the im‐proved Landy media ,B .subtilis JNT02 completely killed the co‐cultured V .parahaemolyticus in 24 h , and the enhancement of antagonistic effects of the antimicrobial substances brought from the B .subtilis JNT02 seed broth were also demonstrated .However ,B .subtilis JNT02 showed weak inhibitory effects a‐gainst the growth of V . parahaemolyticus in alkaline‐peptone‐water media and no antagonistic effects in artificial seawater .The improved Landy media were propitious to the antimicrobial substance production of B .subtilis JNT02 .The findings indicated that the antagonistic action of B .subtilis JNT02 against V . parahaemolyticus was via the antimicrobial substance producing ,and depended on the conditions of the an‐timicrobial substance production ,in stead of the growth of B .subtilis JNT02 .
		2014 Vol. (12): 807-813 [Abstract] ( 65 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (6410 KB) ( 314 )

	814	cDNA Sequence and Expression Analysis of IgL3 Gene in Yellow Catfish, Pelteobagrus f ulvidraco
		LI Chun-tao,JIANG Zi-Li,WEI Fu-lun,YANG Xiu-rong
		The technique of homologous cloning and RACE was used to amplify full length cDNA of IgL 3 gene from yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus f ulvidraco) .IgL3 in yellow catfish has 965 nucleotides ,including 5′‐UTR of 53 nucleotides ,3′‐UTR of 189 nucleotides and an open reading frame with 723 nucleotides en‐coding a peptide of 241 amino acids .The IgL3 comparison in seven teleost species showed that IgL 3 in yellow catfish shared the maximal identity (72 .8% ) with that in Mystus macropterus ,and the minimal i‐dentity(42 .2% ) with that in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar .Phylogenetic tree based on some teleost IgL a‐mino acids showed that IgL3 in yellow catfish was clustered closely with that of M .macropterus and IgL3 was far away from L1 and L2 of teleost .Real‐time PCR revealed that IgL3 mRNA expression of yellow catfish was mainly detected in head kidney ,spleen ,blood cells ,gill and intestine and increased significant‐ly in these tissues after injection of Aeromonas hydrophila .The results indicated that these tissues were main responding organs for IgL3 expression after stimulation ,and played a critical role in immunity inter‐action in yellow catfish .
		2014 Vol. (12): 814-819 [Abstract] ( 62 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (703 KB) ( 165 )

	820	Acute Toxicity of Mn2+ to Larval Sea Cucumber Apostichpus japonicus
		LI Ao,LIU Peng,JIANG Yu-sheng,HAN Yu,LEI Yan-zhi,LIU Xu
		Acute toxicity of Mn2+ to pentactula, and juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus was studied using a probabilistic method and using“coma and death” as an indicator. The coma median effect concentration (EC50 ) of Mn2+ to pentactula was found to be 220. 5 mg/L for 24h, 197. 8 mg/L for 48h and 173. 7 mg/L for 96 h, with safe concentration (SC) of 47. 8 mg/L ;the lethal EC50 of Mn2+ to pentactula was 207. 6 for 48h and 177. 3 mg/L for 96 h. The coma EC50 of Mn2+ to juveniles was 148. 6 mg/L for 24h, 112. 6 mg/L for 48h and 105. 9 mg/L for 96 h, with SC of 19. 4 mg/L ;the lethal EC50 of Mn2+ to ju‐veniles was 189. 4 for 24h, 125. 9 for 48h and 105. 9 mg/L for 96 h, with SC of 16. 7 mg/L. The coma EC50 of Mn2+ to large juveniles was 315. 4 for 24h, 253. 3 for 48h and 149. 0 mg/L for 96 h, with SC of 49. 0 mg/L ;the lethal EC50 of Mn2+ to large juveniles was 250. 7 for 48h and 149. 0 mg/L for 96 h. The pentactula and large juvenile sea cucumber had stronger tolerance of M n 2+ than juveniles did.
		2014 Vol. (12): 820-825 [Abstract] ( 56 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (3203 KB) ( 169 )

	826	The Effect of Imidazole Derivative KK-42 on Expression of Chitinase Gene in Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nip ponense
		WANG Pei,L U· · Yan-jie,L·U· Li,YANG Hong,NING Qian-ji
		This study was designed to determine the possible molecular mechanism of imidazole derivative KK‐42 acting for increasing survival rate of oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense infected with Aeromonas hydrophila .The part sequence of oriental river prawn chitinase‐3 was firstly cloned and the spatio‐temporal expression of the gene as well as its activity were measured .The prawn with body length 3 .5—5 .0 cm was soaked for 1 min in KK‐42 solution at a concentration of 1 .95 × 10‐4 mol/L (KK‐42 treat‐ment group 1) or 0 (control group 1) ,separatively .The prawn in KK‐42 treatment group 1 was injected individually with A .hydrophila suspension (KK‐42 treatment group‐A .hydrophila) or saline (KK‐42 treatment group 2) into the ventral sinus at 12 h after KK‐42 treatment and the prawn in control group 1 was divided into control group‐A .hydrophila and control group 2 ,according to the same way .Then the survival rate was surveyed at different time ,and the prawn chitinase‐3 mRNA level and activity derived from different tissues were measured .Results showed that the survival rate was dramatically increased by 133% in KK‐42 treatment group‐A .hydrophila than that in the control group‐A .hydrophila .Sequence comparison indicated that the prawn chitinase‐3 deduced amino acid sequence of M .nipponense had an o‐verall similarity of 90% to that of other crustaceans .Real‐time PCR analysis revealed that the praw n chiti‐nase‐3 was mainly expressed in hepatopancreas ,and higher at premolt .Compared with the control group 1 ,the changes in the prawm chitinase‐3 mRNA level and activity from KK‐42 treatment group was found to be an up‐regulation about 150% and 75% ,respectively .In KK‐42 treatment‐A .hydrophila group ,the prawn chitinase‐3 mRNA transcripts were significantly higher at 12—48 h ,the maximum at 24 h with an increase by 304% ,than that in control group‐A .hydrophila and its activity increased by 48% at 24 h .In conclusion ,imidazole derivative KK‐42 pretreatment can significantly up‐regulate the prawn chitinase‐3 ex‐pression as well as its activity in hepatopancreas of prawn infected with A .hydrophila ,which is likely one of the molecular mechanisms of imidazole derivative KK‐42 acting for increasing survival rate of the prawn infected with A .hydrophila .
		2014 Vol. (12): 826-830 [Abstract] ( 70 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (721 KB) ( 378 )

	831	Simultaneous Detection of 9 Sexual Hormones in Muscle of Field Eel Monopterus albus by HPLC-MS-MS
		SUN Jian-hua,SUN Zhen-zhong,QI Jun-yuan,LIU Qin,GUO Xia,HUANG Xue-ling
		A method to detect 9 contraceptives in muscle of field eel Monopterus albus simultaneously was established by HPLC‐MS‐MS via comparison of different extracting agents ,and SPE .It was found that the detection limits of estradiol and estriol were 1 .0 μg/kg ,and the detection limits of the other 7 contra‐ceptives were 0 .5 μg/kg ,with linearity range of 5—200 μg/kg (R>0 .997% ) .In the spiked samples ,the average recoveries were varied from 84 .9% to 105 .6% ,and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were changed from 1 .9% to 8 .6% .The method showed good detection limit ,precision and recovery enough to be used to detect sexual hormones in muscle of field eel .
		2014 Vol. (12): 831-834 [Abstract] ( 76 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (1355 KB) ( 218 )

	835	Detection and Diversity Analysis of Bacteria Isolated from Viscera of Hybridized Crussian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) in Zhejiang Province
		LIN Xi,TIAN Guo-ming,ZHU Ning-yu,KONG Lei,CHEN Jian-shun
		An investigation on the diversity of bacterial organisms in hepatopanueas ,spleen and kidney of healthy hybridized crussian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) was carried out in six large‐scale breeding farms in Zhejiang province during June —July and September—October in 2013 .From a total of 12 bat‐ches ,seven opportunistic bacterial species capable of affecting humans ,animals and fishes were identified . A eromonas spp .predominated both in June—July and September—October batches and aerA +act+alt‐act‐was the major virulence‐gene pattern ,indicating that the Aeromonas isolates exhibited potential pathogenic inclination .On the contrary ,Acinetobacter lwof fii ,Edwardsiella hoshinae ,Plesiomonas shigelloides , Shewanella putref aciens , Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Escherichia coli showed varying isolation rates between June—July and September—October batches .Bacterial species composition and high carry‐ing‐rate of pathogenic A eromonas in hybridized prussian carp posed significant risks to aquaculture industry and public health .It is necessary to develop the surveillance system of potential bacterial pathogens ,espe‐cially A eromonas spp .,in hybridized crussian carp ,and to clarify the pathogenic mechanism to establish comprehensive prevention and control schemes .
		2014 Vol. (12): 835-839 [Abstract] ( 72 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (637 KB) ( 255 )

	840	Fat Minnow Phoxinus lagowskii Was Cultured in a Pond
		JIN Guang-hai,YANG Pei-min,LUO Xiao-nian,LIU Yi-xin,LI Jun
		A fat minnow Phoxinus lagowskii culture trail was carried out in a 0 .53 hm2 pond in a fish farm in Tieling City ,Liaoning province ,in 2013 .Fat minnow juveniles with initial body weight of 11 .2 g was reared at a rate of 143 thousands individuals per hm2 ,aerating by a power of a 3 .0 kW aerator and by feed‐ing formulated feed for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and polycultured with silver carp Hypophthal‐michthys molitrix with initial body weight of 100 g at a rate of 943 individuals per hm2 and bighead carp A ristichthys nobilis with initial body weight of 150 g at a rate of 1415 individuals per hm2 for 161 d .Total yield was harvested ,including 3350 kg of fat minnow with body weight of 46 .4 g ,a survival rate of 95% , and food conversion ratio of 2 .1 ,490 kg of silver carp with body weight of 980 g and 1050 kg of bighead carp with body weight of 1400 g .The appropriate equation was expressed for body weight (m) as m=-0 .0012t2 + 0 .4286 t+10 .574(r2 = 0 .6684) and for total length (L) as L = 0 .0006 t2 - 0 .0169 t +11 .343(r2 = 0 .6623) . The relationship between total length and body weight was described as m=0 .0033 L3 .4673 (r2 =0 .9117 ) .
		2014 Vol. (12): 840-843 [Abstract] ( 61 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (654 KB) ( 187 )

	844	Ecological Restoration and Effective Assessment of an Artificial Lagoon in City Beach of Jinshan District in Shanghai
		YE Wei-jun,CHEN Ya-qu
		The ecological restoration item was programmed in an artificial lagoon located in the Jinshan dis‐trict in Shanghai and its effectiveness in controlling the eutrophication of the enclosed lagoon was assessed in the Hangzhou Bay .The main ecological restoration measurements were consisted of seaweed (Gracilar‐ia verrucosa) culture ,construction of artificial wetland by transplanting native marsh plants (bulrush Scirpus mariqueter) ,and manipulation of food web structure of aquatic ecosystem through releasing and stock enhancement of hatchery‐reared aguatic species .It was found that in the ecological restoration the water quality in the lagoon was significantly improved ,including decrease in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (42% ) and phosphorus (50% ) .Additionally ,the ecological restoration measurements extensively amelio‐rated the aquatic food web structure in the lagoon through increase in the abundance of zooplankton and macrobenthos .Zooplankton abundance was found to be increased by 2 .5 times compared to that before the ecological restoration ,and the mean density and biomass of macrobenthos were 16 and 36 times as higher as that before the ecological restoration .Therefore ,the ecological restoration led to increase in abundance of prey species (zooplankton and macrobenthos) ,and to optimization of the aquatic ecosystem structure in the artificial lagoon ,a successive case study for controlling the coastal eutrophication .
		2014 Vol. (12): 844-849 [Abstract] ( 57 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (648 KB) ( 304 )

	850	Isolation and Identification of Pathogen Proteus mirabilis from Diseased Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle Pelodiscus sinensis
		LIN Ya-ge,YE Jian,SHI Ting-ting,SONG Yang,WANG Yu-feng,ZHANG Xiao-dong
		One bacterium was isolated from liver and ascites of diseased Chinese soft‐shelled turtle (Pelo‐discus sinensis ) ,outbreaked in a large‐scale breeding farm in Shangyu ,and identified as Proteus mirabilis , named SX37 through API ID32E by 16S rRNA sequencing , and biochemical reactions . Healthy soft‐shelled turtle was experimentally infected with the bacterial suspension ,and then the same bacterium was recovered with different clinic sydromes .Isolate SX43 demonstrated virulence potential in mouse models , with the median lethal dose (LD50 ) of 1 × 107 .83 cfu/mL in mice .
		2014 Vol. (12): 850-853 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (0 KB) ( 193 )

	854	Effect of Cadmium on Aquatic Animal Kidney,Mechanism and Prevention:a Review
		XU You-qing,ZHU Hao-lei,ZHENG Yi-min,LIU Yong-qing,LIU Yang,DING Zhao-kun

		2014 Vol. (12): 854-858 [Abstract] ( 59 ) HTML (0 KB) PDF (0 KB) ( 224 )