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  • 月刊，1984年创刊
    主 管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
    主 办：包头医学院
    主 编：赵云山
    特邀主编：高长青
    编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
    国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
    国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
    邮发代号：16-292
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2024 Vol. 43, No. 1
Published: 2024-01-25
Research and Application
Overview and Specific Topic
 
       Research and Application
1 Genetic Mechanisms Underlying Inbreeding Depression of F1 Generation in Yesso Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis
ZHAO Liang, LI Yangping, GAO Shan, JIANG Pingzhe, LIN Shanshan, ZHANG Guohan, FAN Guangqi, JIANG Jingwei, ZHOU Zunchun
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23031
In order to clarify phenomenon and genetic regulatory mechanism of inbreeding depression in yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis in the phenotypic level, experimental groups and control groups of yesso scallop with inbreeding coefficients of 0.5, 0.25, and 0 were constructed. At the same time,seven fitness traits were selected through tracking from the larval stage to the 530 days old adult stage, and a fitness index evaluation method based on inbreeding depression was constructed using principal component analysis.In the genomic level, whole-genome resequencing was performed on the parents of a self-fertilization lineage and 21 offsprings for segregation distortion analysis. It was found that the inbreeding depression rate in the self-fertilization group was 1.31—3.05 times during the larval stage,higher than that in the inbred group. In the adult stage, the trend was similar to that in the larval stage, with the inbreeding depression rate of 0.97—7.29 times in the self-fertilization group, higher than that in the inbred group. However, only the self-fertilization group maintained a low inbreeding depression rate (1.65%—2.56%) in growth traits during the larval stage. In the adult stage, the self-fertilization group and most of the inbred groups did not experienced any depression, indicating that inbreeding depression mainly occurs in survival traits. A total of 1 253 519 SNPs were genotyped for biased segregation analysis, with 99% of the SNPs exhibiting significant segregation distortion in the offspring, 23% of gametic segregation, and 77% of zygotic segregation. In zygotic segregation, 89% was due to heterozygote excess, indicating that overdominance effect was at work, and only 10% was affected by dominant effects as a result of homozygote loss. The findings indicate that overdominance effect and segregation distortion play a dominant role in inbreeding depression of yesso scallop F1, not only explores biased segregation in self-fertilized offspring of yesso scallop, but also provide important reference for the genetic mechanism of inbreeding depression in aquatic animals.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 1-9 [Abstract] ( 205 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1689 KB)  ( 128 )
10 Analysis and Expression of SIRT Gene Family in Gymnocypris eckloni Exposed to Low-Temperature
NI Weilin, LIU Dan, GAO Qiang, CHAO Yan, ZHANG Cunfang, KOU Ruobin, QI Delin, NIE Miaomiao
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22079
In order to explore the role of genes of SIRT (sirtuins) gene family in the low temperature adaptation in Gymnocypris eckloni, the bioinformatics and gene expression of seven genes of the SIRT gene family were analyzed in 2.5 years old G. eckloni with 14—20 cm in body length.The results showed that there was significantly different length of SIRTs in G. eckloni, with the longest SIRT1 gene (22 885 bp), and the shortest SIRT4 gene (3660 bp), and the number of amino acids encoded by SIRT gene family was ranged from 304 to 691. The results of conserved domain and motif analyses revealed that they all belonged to the Sir2 superfamily and contained conserved motifs, such as GAGxSx, xxPxxR, PxxxH and QNxDxLx. The predicted amino acid physicochemical properties displayed that all the SIRT proteins of the G. eckloni were hydrophilic proteins,and the stability of SIRTs proteins were predicted to be low except SIRT4. The predicted results of subcellular localization showed that SIRT proteins were primarily distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus.SIRTs were found to interact with SOD2, CAT, PPARGC1α, p53, FOXO1a and FOXO1b by predicting protein interactions. The expression of SIRTs in liver, brain and muscle of cold-adapted G. eckloni, the results showed that SIRT2, SIRT4 and SIRT7 were highly expressed in liver and brain, and SIRT2—4, SIRT6 and SIRT7 were significantly up-regulated in muscle. So, SIRTs,especially, SIRT2, SIRT4 and SIRT7 of G. eckloni may play an important role in cold environment. These findings introduce the characteristics of the SIRT gene family in G. eckloni, and provide a basis for subsequent research on the role of SIRTs under cold adaptation in G. eckloni.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 10-21 [Abstract] ( 129 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (12852 KB)  ( 49 )
22 Comparison of Individual Fecundity of Yalu River Sleeper Odontobutis yaluensis in Three Water Systems of Liaoning Province
LI Wenkang, LUO Xiaonian, DUAN Youjian, LI Jiao, WU Chen, JI Chenyue, DENG Hongsheng
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22046
Individual fecundity of Yalu River sleeper Odontobutis yaluensis was investigated in 181 samples of female Yalu River sleeper with gonad Ⅳ stage collected in the Xiajia section (124.6° E, 41.3° N)of the Taizi River in Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County of the Liaohe River System, the Wanfu Section (122.5° E, 42.2° N)in the upper reaches of the Biliu River Reservoir of the Biliu River Water System and the Dapu Section (124.2° E, 40.5° N)of the Ai River in Dandong Fengcheng of the Yalu River System from October to December 2018—2020. It was found that the Yalu River sleeper had mean body length of (10.0±2.1) cm and body weight of (23.50±16.79) g, individual absolute fecundity of (1067.7±829.7) eggs, body length relative fecundity of (97.9±56.1) eggs/cm and the body weight relative fecundity of (55.2±18.1) eggs/g. The ages were primarily derived from two-year-old and three-year-old fishes, with reproductive contribution rates of 44.9% and 39.2%, respectively. There were significantly higher individual absolute fecundity (1682.9±718.5) eggs, relative fecundity of body length (147.3±50.6) eggs/cm and relative fecundity (67.7±19.2) eggs/g of body weight of Yalu River sleeper in the Wanfu Section in the upper reaches of the Biliu River Reservoir were than those in the the Xiajia section of the Taizi River [(1058.4±879.9) eggs, (91.8±52.3) eggs/cm, (45.9±12.7) eggs/g] and the Dabao Section of the Ai River[(487.9±215.7) eggs, (58.9±19.9) eggs/cm, (56.1±16.0) eggs/g]. The individual absolute fecundity and relative fecundity of body length of Yalu River sleeper were significantly correlated with the body length, body weight, gutting body weight and ovary weight, while the relative fecundity of body weight was only significantly correlated with gonadosomatic index (P<0.01), and the individual fecundity was not significantly related to condition factor (P>0.05). Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the individual fecundity was closely related to ovary weight or gonadosomatic index. The two egg diameter peaks indicated that Yalu River sleeper was the type of batch spawning. The finding provides basic materials for Yalu River sleeper reproductive biology.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 22-31 [Abstract] ( 123 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1482 KB)  ( 159 )
32 Effects of Water Temperature on Distribution and Type of Skin Mucus Cells and Mucus Immune Factors of Mandarinfish Siniperca chuatsi
SHI Yusong, ZHAO Jinliang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.21249
In order to understand the effects of different temperatures on the surface mucus cell types and mucus immune factors of mandarinfish Siniperca chuatsi, the mandarinfish with body weight of (19.0±3.2) g and body length of (11.0±1.5) cm was placed in an aquarium with water temperature of 10, 20 and 30 ℃, and at 0, 36 and 72 h, the excess water on the body surface of the mandarin was gently wiped off with absorbent paper, the mucus on the trunk and tail was gently scraped with a glass slide, and the skins of head, trunk and caudal peduncle was immediately cut off from the mandarinfish anaesthetized with 1% MS-222 on ice, and fixed in Bonn′s fluid to observe the effects of three temperatures on the distribution and types of body surface mucus cells at 72 h after the experiment by AB-PAS staining method. The staining results showed that there were four types of mucus cells on the skin surface of mandarinfish. The maximal number of mucus cells per unit area was observed in skin of the head, followed by the trunk and the caudal peduncle. The type Ⅱ was found to be increased the most in 20 ℃ and 30 ℃ groups, followed by type Ⅳ compared with 10 ℃ group, type Ⅰ showing slightly decreasing trend, and type Ⅲ showing irregular change. qRT-PCR and double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay revealed that the expression levels of IgM gene and Hepcidin gene were up-regulated with increasing temperature. The expression levels of IL-1β gene were significantly up-regulated in the 20 ℃ group and down-regulated in the 30 ℃ group compared with the 10 ℃ group. There was significantly higher SOD activity in 30 ℃ group than that in 10 ℃ and 20 ℃ groups, while the ACP and LYS activities were slightly higher than those in 10 ℃ and 20 ℃ groups. The findings indicate that the skin mucus cell types and number and immune-related factors of mandarinfish are significantly affected by ambient temperature.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 32-40 [Abstract] ( 139 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (4873 KB)  ( 90 )
41 Particle Size Distribution of Suspended Solids in Cultured Tailwater of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
LIU Jinjin, ZHANG Lingling, ZHANG Yuping
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22087
To understand the matter composition and particle size distribution characteristics of suspended solid in aquaculture tail water, the total suspended solid, nitrogen and phosphorus composition and particle size distribution were analyzed in the drainage process of tailwater from three typical Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture ponds in Shanghai region in November 2021. Results showed that mass concentrations of total suspended solids, particulate nitrogen and particulate phosphorus in the tail water were all shown to be an increasing trend with the depth of drainage, with the increment in the late stage of drainage. Then, the proportion of particulate nitrogen and phosphorus in suspended matter showed decreasing trend, from 6.11% and 1.20% before drainage to 0.38% and 0.11% at the end of drainage, respectively. Size distribution of suspended particles was driven by the drainage process. At the end of drainage, the median diameter of suspended particle was 11.69 μm in SP1, 20.89 μm in SP2, and 38.23 μm in SP3. Suspended matter was mainly composed of collidal and fine particles with diameter lower than 100 μm, with the average volume coverage of 92.68%. The particle size numeric distribution in shrimp cultured tailwater was described by variable β model (r2=0.849±0.128), and the volumetric distribution was fitted to lognormal distribution model (r2=0.879±0.141).
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 41-50 [Abstract] ( 96 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (10224 KB)  ( 60 )
51 Comparison of Nutrients and Volatile Substances in Muscles between Cultured and Wild Mullet Liza haematocheila
LI Min, HU Gaoyu, TENG Shuangshuang, HUANG Xiaolin, ZHANG Xiang, XIAO Guoqiang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22048
In order to explore the difference in nutritional and volatile components of cultured and wild marine fish, the proximate nutrient composition, amino acid compositions, fatty acid compositions, and volatile components of the muscles were measured and analyzed between raceway aquaculture system and wild mullet Liza haematocheila. The results showed that there was significantly lower muscular water content in raceway cultured fish than that in wild fish (P<0.05), and significantly higher crude fat content was than that in the wild(P<0.05), without significant differences in ash and crude protein content (P>0.05). The content of most amino acids in the muscle in raceway aquaculture system was significantly higher than that in the wild (P<0.05), while the essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids and total amino acids were significantly different (P<0.05). The amino acid score and chemical score indicated that the first limiting amino acid in mullet muscle was methionine+cystine, and the second limiting amino acid was valine. The raceway aquacultured mullet had higher essential amino acid index(101.39) than the fish in the wild(82.79) did. The farmed mullet had significantly higher unsaturated fatty acid content and fatty acid unsaturation degree than the wild fish did (P<0.05). While the content of saturated fatty acids and eicosapentaenoic acid+docosahexenoic acid were lower in the raceway cultured mullet than those in the wild (P<0.05). 18 and 29 volatile compounds were detected in the fish in the raceway aquaculture system and wild, respectively. There were more types and quantities of key flavor substances in the muscle of wild mullet. While mullet cultivated in in-pond raceway aquaculture system led to reduce some of the volatile compounds which presented unpleasant odor compound content. The findings showed that mullet cultivated in the raceway aquaculture system improved the amino acid and volatile compound composition.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 51-60 [Abstract] ( 92 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1155 KB)  ( 74 )
61 Treatment Regimen of Doxycycline Hydrochloride for Aeromonas veronii Infection in Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
XUAN Jie, ZHAI Yufei, SHEN Fei, LYU Liqun
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22006
To determine the dosage regimen of doxycycline hydrochloride (DH) in treatment of Aeromonas veronii infection in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), anti-drug mutation concentration (MPC), drug resistance selection window (MSW) and post antibacterial effect (PAE) of DH against A. veronii were determined in vitro. According to the application protocol of DH, yellow catfish with body weight of (200±50) g was administered orally by DH at a dose of 20 mg/kg at water temperature of (20±2) ℃, and samples of blood, muscle, brain, hepatopancreas and kidney were collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 78 h after administration for determination of the DH concentration in the tissues above by HPLC. The results showed that there was minimum inhibitory concentration of DH against A. veronii of 0.5 μg/mL, the minimum bactericidal concentration of 1 μg/mL, the anti-drug mutation concentration of 4 μg/mL, the drug resistance selection window of 0.5—4.0 μg/mL, and post antibacterial effect of (0.95±0.24), (0.79±0.58), (1.92±0.71) h, respectively. After oral administration of DH at a dose of 20 mg/kg, AUC0~78 h/MIC of 75.558 was observed in serum, 686.5486 in hepatopancreas, 557.2362 in kidney, 736.9682 in muscle and 234.9658 in brain, and ρmax/MIC of 2.4908 in serum, 18.6652 in hepatopancreas, 15.3044 in kidney, 24.159 in muscle and 10.9018 in brain. Based on the effective standard of concentration-dependent drug of AUC(0~t)/MIC＞125 and ρmax/MIC＞8 , the DH regimen with a dose of 20 mg/kg once a day led to effectively treat the infection of A. veronii in yellow catfish, and the withdrawal time for DH was at least 11.2 days. The finding provides a theoretical basis for the clinical rational use of DH in yellow catfish and the prevention and treatment of A. veronii infection in yellow catfish.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 61-70 [Abstract] ( 85 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1591 KB)  ( 239 )
71 Aggregation Response to Artificial Reef Models by Wild Juvenile Sea Perch Lateolabrax maculatus
ZHANG Beiye, ZUO Tao, ZHANG Chuantao, CAO Jinfeng, WANG Jun
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22082
In order to probe for behavioral response and selectivity of wild juvenile sea perch Lateolabrax maculatus to artificial reef models to provide reference for development of its resource conservation technology, six artificial reef models with the shapes of prism-, cubic- and star- shaped and suspanded oyster Crassostrea gigas on them were applied in the 0.5 m long× 0.5 m wide observation grids in a length 4.5 m× wide 4 m× deep 2 m test tank at water temperature of 22-24 °C and a salinity of about 25. Underwater cameras and cameras were placed in the test tank to capture the activity behavior, the aggregation behavior and distribution characteristics of juveniles. The test tanks were stocked with 100 individual sea perch with body weight of (22.26±8.41) g, and suspended with an appropriate amount of oysters with shell height of (6.06±0.38) cm. Results showed that in the tank without any reef models, the juveniles scattered and distributed evenly, with a maximum distribution rate of only 6.65% per grid and an average distribution rate of 1.19% in the blank reef grids. When the reef model was placed, the sea perch juveniles gathered into the reef after a short test cruise with the aggregation center in the reef areas. All the average distribution rates were greater than 20%, and colony occurrence frequencies were greater than 75% in the reef grids. In the oyster reef models, the juveniles had longer response and aggregation time, and higher average distribution rates (32.2%-49.9%) than those in the oyster-free ones. In the six reef models, there was the maximal distribution rate in the reef grid and the shortest distance between juvenile individuals and the reef area in the cubic-oyster reef model, implying that this reef type was the most effective for juvenile aggregation. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the fish had an obvious gathering reaction to the reef models of different structures, without significant difference in the attractive parameters among the six reef models. The findings indicated that wild juveniles preferred to gather and had behavioral responses to the artificial reef, showing that the species is a target fish species for stocking in reef areas. It should be taken into consideration that enough space for the fish to swim and appropriate attachment be provided when setting up artificial reefs for the juvenile perch.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 71-78 [Abstract] ( 71 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (5624 KB)  ( 76 )
79 Comparative Analysis of Genetic Variation between Wild and Cultured Populations of Platypharodon extremus Based on Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Sequence
YANG Zhuoyu, DU Yanyan, KA Wei, JIAO Wenlong, WANG Tai, ZHANG Yanping, DA Hu
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22086
In this study, the mitochondrial DNA control region (D-loop) gene sequences were analyzed in 21 samples of wild Platypharodon extremus collected from Maqu County in Gansu Province and Maduo in Qinghai Province and 39 samples of F1 and 38 samples of F2 cultured P. extremus in Linxia, Gansu Province. The results showed that there were high haplotype diversity (Hd=0.950±0.011) and low nucleotide diversity (Pi=0.00987±0.00041) in the four populations, with the higher haplotype number (Nh), haplotype diversity index (Hd) and nucleotide diversity index (Pi) in the wild population than those in the cultured population. The analysis of genetic structure showed there was genetic differentiation between the wild population and cultured population. The neutral test revealed that the two wild populations had population expansion events. In conclusion, the cultured populations slightly showed the reduce in genetic diversity due to effect of the limited number of breeding fish and artificial selection. So it is necessary to evaluate the effect of breeding and releasing regularly and use scientific artificial breeding methods to enrich the genetic diversity.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 79-87 [Abstract] ( 83 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3347 KB)  ( 75 )
88 Effect of Alizarin Red S on Marking of Juvenile Schizothorax o′connori
HE Wenjia, ZENG Benhe, ZHU Chengke, ZHOU Chaowei
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22032
The 45-day-old juvenile Schizothorax o′connori with total length of (1.59±0.06) cm was placed in a white plastic basin of 40 cm long× 25 cm wide × 15 cm high, exposed to 0 (control group), 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 mg/L of alizarin red S were immersed for 24 h at water temperature of 12~13 °C for 45 days, and the mortality, growth, labeling effect and effective storage time of juvenile fish in each experimental group were explored to search suitable alizarin red labeling conditions for juvenile S. o′connori in immersion. The results showed that the median lethal concentration of alizarine red S was 225.85 mg/L for 24 h, 147.72 mg/L for 48 h, 139.21 for 72 h and 137.66 mg/L for 96 h, with the safe concentration of 28.99 mg/L. The marking of otolith was visible at the concentration of 75—125 mg/L under the alizarine red S solution of 0—125 mg/L for 24 h, with significantly increase in mortality rate of juvenile S. o′connori at alizarine red S concentration of 125 mg/L (P<0.05). Under the condition of 75 mg/L alizarine red S immersion from 12 to 96 h, the otolith marking effect of immersion from 24 to 96 h was visible, with significan tincrease in mortality rate of juvenile S. o′connori at immersion for 96 h (P<0.05). After 4 months of continuous cultivation, the otolith marking effect of juvenile S. o′connori was still visible after immersion in 75 mg/L alizarine red S solution for 72—84 h for 4 months. Considering the growth condition, survival rate, marking effect and marking preservation time, it is suggested to use 75 mg/L of alizarine red S in immersion the juvenile S. o′connori for 72—84 h.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 88-96 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2060 KB)  ( 38 )
97 Acute Toxicity Assessment in Pacific White Shrimp Exposed to Different Concentrations of Mercuric Chloride
DONG Weifeng, YANG Bicheng, LI Guangyi, DAI Hong, LIU Zhiyong, JIANG Hao
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22007
A study was carried out to test the effect of acute mercuric chloride (HgCl2) exposure on Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In order to investigate the acute toxic effect of HgCl2 on Pacific white shrimp, the juvenile Pacific white shrimp with body weight of (5.01±0.06) g was placed in a 40 L glass tank (54 cm× 40 cm× 30 cm) at a water temperature of 27—29 °C at a rate of 40 individuals per tank and exposed to HgCl2 at concentration of < 0.001 mg/L as the control group, 0.033 mg/L and 0.33 mg/L group. The plasma antioxidant enzyme activity, total antioxidant capacity and immune response indices and Hg content in the muscle were determined at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h. The results showed that there was the maximal Hg content in muscle in the shrimp in 0.33 mg/L HgCl2 group after 24 h (P>0.05). There were higher total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity in plasma of shrimp in 0.033 and 0.33 mg/L HgCl2 groups than those in shrimp in control group at 24 h (P>0.05). The lower superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were observed in plasma of shrimp in 0.33 mg/L HgCl2 group than those in shrimp in 0.033 mg/L HgCl2 group after 72 h, with the maximal malondialdehyde content (P>0.05). The maximal activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme and phenol oxidase were shown in plasma of shrimp in 0.33 mg/L HgCl2 group at 24 h (P<0.05). In 48 h, the acid phosphatase and lysozyme activities in plasma of shrimp in 0.33 mg/L HgCl2 group were found to be the minimum (P<0.05). The contents of interleukin 1 and 8 in plasma of shrimp in 0.33 mg/L HgCl2 group were the maximal after 24 h (P<0.05). The findings showed that the Pacific white shrimp exposed to HgCl2 led to accumulation of Hg in muscle and malondialdehyde in blood, reducing antioxidant enzyme activity, causing immunosuppression and inflammation.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 97-103 [Abstract] ( 71 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2024 KB)  ( 73 )
104 Effect of Low Temperature Stress on Function of Thymosins Gene in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
ZHANG Yi, JIN Kuifeng, LI Wenhui, YANG Yingcan, LAI Hui, LIU Wenguang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22021
In order to investigate the molecular mechanism of thymosinsgene under low temperature stress in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, the Lv-thymosins gene was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), and then the tissue distribution and the expression profiles of Lvthy gene under low temperature stress was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Subsequently, RNA interference (RNAi) experiment was conducted to be knocked down the expression of Lvthy gene to verify the gene function under low temperature stress. It was found that the full length of the Lvthy gene cDNA sequences consisted of 1765 base pairs (bp), including a 729 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 242-amino acid peptide with six thymosins beta actin-binding motif. The qRT-PCR showed that Lvthy gene was expressed in all tissues of the Pacific white shrimp, the maximal expression level in stomach, followed by intestine, heart and brain. Low temperature challenge showed that the expression level of the Lvthy gene was shown to be increased 1 h post low temperature stimulation. The maximal level (2.7 times compared with the control group) was found at 3 h in the shrimp challenged and then to be declined. RNA interference (RNAi) technology verified the gene function. The survival rate of the Pacific white shrimp was 31.1% under low temperature stress, significantly lower than that in the control group (83.3%). The findings indicate that the Lvthy gene plays critical role in the process of accumulating to cold stress and that provide a foundation for the study of adaptation mechanism of crustaceans under low temperature stress.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 104-110 [Abstract] ( 74 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3056 KB)  ( 235 )
111 Establishment of Digital PCR Assay for Detection of Viral Haemorrhagic Septicemia Virus
ZHAO Huijun, HU Qiang, YU Ling, WU Bin, YI Jiaying
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.21245
In order to establish an accurate and rapid detection method for Viral hemorrhagic sepsis virus (VHSV), the VHSV digital PCR detection technology system was constructed with the specific primers and probes designed and synthesized for the specific conserved glycoprotein gene fragment of VHSV genome ,and the key reaction conditions such as annealing temperature, and sensitivity test, specificity test and reproducibility test were carried out. At the same time, it was compared with real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that the optimum annealing temperature of VHSV digital PCR was 58.5 ℃. Sensitivity test showed that,with the continuous tenfold dilution of VHSV genomic RNA, when diluted to 105 times, the digital PCR system can still detect positive droplets. Therefore, it is determined that the RNA genomic nucleic acid concentration of 19 copies/μL is the detection lower limit of VHSV digital PCR. The specificity test revealed that this method had specific amplification only with the target virus VHSV, and had no amplification reaction with Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), Spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV), Epizootic haematopietic necrosis virus (EHNV), Hirame rhabdovirus virus (HRV), Viral nervous necrosis virus(VNNV), Koi herpesvirus (KHV), Carp edema virus (CEV), Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) and Lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV). The repeatability test indicated that the coefficients of variation of VHSV digital PCR within and between batches were less than 1%. Using the digital PCR method, 1210 batches of domestic and imported fish samples were tested for VHSV. The results showed that the detection rate of digital PCR positive samples was 9.5%, and that of conventional real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive samples varied from 7.69% to 7.77%. Clinical trials showed that the VHSV digital PCR method had higher detection sensitivity, can improve the detection rate of unqualified products and suitable for the accurate detection of aquatic animal diseases.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 111-120 [Abstract] ( 65 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (7162 KB)  ( 46 )
121 Optimal Culture of Navicula seminulum and Its Application in Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Culture
WANG Xiaoyue, WANG Xuda, LIU Weidong, XIE Xi, SONG Guangjun, LI Shilei, DONG Ying, ZHOU Zunchun
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22050
The benthic diatoms are highly nutritious and essential food for sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in breeding.Effects of the environmental factors(pH, light intensity) and nutritional conditions (ratio of N and P, auxin concentrations of zeatin) on the growth of isolated Navicula seminulum were optimized in this study. The results showed that the optimum initial pH of medium was 8.0, the optimum light intensity was 2500 lx, the optimum zeatin concentration was 1.0 mg/L, and the optimum ratio of N and P was 12.5. Under these conditions, the highest specific growth rate and cell density of N. seminulum were acquired, and the biomass accumulation reached the maximum values. A feeding experiment was also conducted to investigate the effects of the N. seminulum on growth, digestive enzyme activity and immune defense factors of juvenile sea cucumber.The sea cucumber were fed the commercial feed, Cylindrotheca fusiformis, or the N. seminulum, respectively. During the 30-day feeding period, the activities of digestive and immune-related enzymes were determined every ten days.The results showed that the sea cucumbers fed N. seminulum not only promoted the growth performance, but also produced the maximum digestive and immune activities compared with C. fusiformis and commercial feed groups. These data collectively confirmed that the health-promoting effects were more obvious by applying N. seminulum. Dietary N. seminulum could effectively enhanced digestive function and immune response, depress oxidative damage, and improved the phosphatase-responsiveness and organismal defense capability. The findings may provide theoretical guidance for culture and production of marine benthic diatoms of sea cucumber farming industry.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 121-128 [Abstract] ( 119 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2885 KB)  ( 259 )
129 Effect of Compound Chinese Herb Medicine on Resistance to White Spot Syndrome Infection in Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii
TIAN Haijun, REN Shengjie, YANG Zhiguo, GU Xizhang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22043
In order to evaluate the non-specific immunity, antioxidant capacity and anti-white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection effect of supplementation with compound Chinese herb medicine prepared byrhubarb root and rhizome, baical skullcap root, virgate wormwood herb, creeping euphorbia, largehead atractylodes rhizome, and isatis rootin red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkiiin diet, juvenile red swamp crayfish with body weight of (8.94±1.16)g was reared in a 2 m×3 m×1 m aerated pond at stocking rate of 120 individuals per pond and fed the basic diet (control group) and supplemented with the compound Chinese herb medicine at a dose of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% for 14 d. Then the non-specific immunity of hemolymph and the antioxidant capacity of hepatopancreas were determined, and the anti-infection ability of the red swamp crayfish against WSSV infection was analyzed. The results showed that the activities of lysozyme, phenol oxidase (PO), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the serum of the red swamp crayfish fed the compound Chinese herb medicine were found to be increased by 4.07%-16.20% (P<0.05), 12.96%-31.94% (P<0.05), 32.36%-39.87% (P<0.05) and 36.50%-71.94% (P<0.05). The total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)in hepatopancreas were increased by 4.39%-25.76% (P<0.05), 32.85%-93.43% (P<0.05) and 21.52%-55.10% (P<0.05), and the malondialdehyde content in hepatopancreas was decreased by 26.22%-45.05% (P<0.05). The red swamp crayfish treated with compound Chinese herb medicine and then challenged with WSSV had increase insurvival rate by 13.33%-31.67% during the 5 d (P<0.05).The findings indicated that the addition of dietary compound Chinese herb medicine significantly enhanced the non-specific immunity, antioxidant capacity and resistance to WSSV infection in red swamp crayfish, with optimal dose of 1.0%.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 129-135 [Abstract] ( 85 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1347 KB)  ( 261 )
136 Analysis on Influence of Morphological Traits on Body Weight of Snail Bellamya aeruginosa
YU Ming, TENG Jian, ZHANG Chong, ZHAO Yan, LI Xian, JI Xiangshan, CHEN Hongjiu
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22040
In order to explore the correlationship between the main morphological characters and the main factors affecting body weight in wild snail Bellamya aeruginosa, shell height, shell width, shell thickness, aperture length, aperture width and body weight were measured in the samples of the snail collected from different populations, including Weishan Lake, Dongping Lake, Luoma Lake, Hongze Lake, Jiangdu Changjiang River and Yunnan Dianchi Lake. The optimal multiple regression equation was established by the correlation and path analysis methods. The results showed that there were highly correlated between the shell height, shell width, aperture width and aperture length with body weight, without significant correlation between shell thickness and body weight. The sum of the coefficients of determination Σ di was 0.916, 0.927, 0.794, 0.886, 0.810 and 0.783 in the six populations, respectively, indicating that most of the traits affecting body weight were analyzed. In six different populations, the main factor influencing body weight of the snail was different, shell height or shell width being the greater factors affecting on body weight, which is the main influencing factor of body weight of Bellamya aeruginosa. By multiple regression analysis of variance and significance test of partial regression coefficient, the partial regression coefficient was very significant with P value of less than 0.01. The findings provide reference for the selection and breeding of varieties of Bellamya aeruginosa.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 136-143 [Abstract] ( 89 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1015 KB)  ( 144 )
144 Anesthetic Efficacy of Tricaine and Eugenol on Barbel Barbodes semifasciolatus at Room Temperature
SONG Lin, CHEN Xiaojiang, GAO Peng
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22038
In order to improve the survival rate in operation and transportation, the anesthetic effect of tricaine and eugenol on barbel Barbodes semifasciolatus with body weight of (0.28±0.09) g acclimated for 2 weeks was investigated under water temperature of (25.0±0.5) ℃: the barbel were exposured to 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160 mg/L tricaine and 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 mg/L eugenol to explore the effective anesthetic dose; the barbel were exposed to tricaine with concentration of 140 mg/L and eugenol with a mass concentration of 25 mg/L after deep anesthesia exposure to water for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 min, and then put back into clean water for recovery, recording the recovery time and counting the recovery rate. After exposing the barbel to tricaine with concentration of 10 mg/L and eugenol with concentration of 8 mg/L, the transport test was simulated to explore the application effect of two anesthetics for different operating purposes at room temperature.The results showed that the suitable mass concentrations were 100—140 mg/L for tricaine and 20—30 mg/L for eugenolm. After the deep anesthesia at tricaine mass concentration of 140 mg/L, the suitable exposure time in air was below 6 min, while the barbel was recoveryed to 100% within 8 min of air exposure after deep anesthesia at eugenol mass concentration of 25 mg/L. An anesthesia transport test showed the two anesthetics both had good transport effect within 48 h at fish: water ratio of 1∶15, and tricaine was available at fish: water ratio of 1∶20 under 72 h transportation with the survival rate up to 90.74%. Both tricaine and eugenol had good anaesthetic effects on the barbel in practical applications, were chosen for a suitable anaesthetic mass concentration according to different operating purposes and in combination with other elements.
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 144-151 [Abstract] ( 79 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1786 KB)  ( 197 )
       Overview and Specific Topic
152 Research Progress on Improvement of Muscle Quality of Farmed Freshwater Fish Ecological Depuration
XU Qing, YUAN Julin, NI Meng, ZOU Songbao, LIU Mei, GU Zhimin
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22063
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 152-162 [Abstract] ( 139 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1108 KB)  ( 287 )
163 Research Advances on Reconstruction of Habitat History for Fish Inferred from Otolith Microchemistry
GAO Chunxia, HUANG Huixian, ZHAO Jing, MA Jin, LI Jianhua
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22011
2024 Vol. 43 (1): 163-172 [Abstract] ( 93 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1086 KB)  ( 225 )
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