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月刊，1984年创刊
主管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
主办：包头医学院
主编：赵云山
特邀主编：高长青
编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
邮发代号：16-292

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2024 Vol. 43, No. 4 Published: 2024-07-25

Research and Application Overview and Specific Topic

Research and Application

	509	Molecular Characteristics and Expression Analysis of amhr2 Gene in Bastard Halibut Paralichthys olivaceus
		ZHANG Fayang, LI Kun, WANG Weichao, ZHANG Dandan, FU Xiaona, LIU Cui, ZHANG Junling
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23013
		In order to investigate the molecular characteristics of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and its type Ⅱ receptor AMHR2 and its role in gonadal development, the amhr2 gene was cloned in bastard halibut Paralichthys olivaceus with gonads from stage Ⅲ to stage Ⅳ and body weight of (720±50) g and identified by molecular cloning and bioinformatics methods. The expression profile of amhr2 gene was determined in gonad, brain, stomach, muscle, liver, kidney and heart of bastard halibut by semi-quantitative PCR and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and chemical in situ hybridization (ISH). The results showed that the amhr2 cDNA sequence obtained by cloning and splicing was 1536 bp in length and encoded 511 amino acids. The amino acid sequence analysis showed that the near N-terminus of the Amhr2 protein contained a signal peptide structure of 19 amino acids (1st—19th amino acids) and the amino acid sequence comparison showed that it had the maximal similarity with Hippoglossus stenolepis (89.96%). The evolutionary tree analysis revealed that the amhr2 gene of bastard halibut was the most closely related to H. stenolepis and turbot Scophthalmus maximus, and its evolutionary status was consistent, indicating that the amhr2 gene of bastard halibut is conserved with other species. The quantitative results showed that the amhr2 gene was mainly expressed in the ovaries and testes, with significantly higher expression level in the ovaries than that in the testes. The in situ hybridization results showed that amhr2 gene was mainly expressed in the sertoli cells, primary spermatocytes and secondary spermatocytes of the testis, and expressed in the interstitial cells, Ⅱ—Ⅴ oocytes and follicular membrane in the ovary. The amhr2 gene is most closely related to the H. stenolepis and expressed primarily in gonad and in both germ cells and somatic cells of the testis and ovary, which may be important for the regulation of gonadal development in the bastard halibut.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 509-519 [Abstract] ( 169 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (13323 KB) ( 79 )

	520	Seasonal Variation in Expression of Genes from Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
		XIAO Yao, GAO Shan, ZHAO Zelong, JIANG Jingwei, ZHOU Zunchun
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.21051
		In order to investigate the effect of seasonal variation on the expression of genes from Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, the transcriptional expression levels of major factors from TLR signaling pathway were detected in sea cucumber with body weight of (236±5) g sampled from a sea cucumber culture pond from introduce breeding center in Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute in the middle of each month from January to December 2018 by qRT-PCR method, and the water environmental parameters in the pond were analyzed with handheld multiparameter meter for evaluation of the correlations between the seasonal variation of TLR-related genes expression levels and the environmental parameters by Pearson's correlation test. The transcriptional expression analysis showed that there were low expression levels of Toll, IRAK4, TAK, P105, Rel, TLR3, TBK and IRF8 genes in June, indicating that TLR pathway was provided with low response ability in June. The correlation analysis showed that there was significantly positive correlation between MyD88 and TRAF6 genes expression and dissolved oxygen concentration, significantly positive correlation between TAK and TBK genes expression and redox potential, significantly negative correlation between IRF8 gene expression and water temperature, significantly positive correlation between SARM gene expression and water temperature, and significantly positive correlation between IκKβ gene expression and pHmv. The finding implied that the environmental factors led to important and complicated effects on the expression of TLR-related factors in the sea cucumber, among which the redox potential was key environmental factor for both MyD88-dependent and -independent pathways, the dissolved oxygen and pHmv were key environmental factors for MyD88-dependent pathway, and temperature was key environmental factor for MyD88-independent pathway.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 520-530 [Abstract] ( 124 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (6545 KB) ( 58 )

	531	Effects of Two Antibiotics on Intestinal Histological Structure and Tight Junction Protein Gene Expression in Large Yellow Croaker Larimichthys crocea
		CHENG Haoxue, WANG Gengshen, XU Yexiang, WANG Ying, LIU Huiling, XU Wei, SHI Hui, XIE Jianjun, WANG Wei, ZHANG Dongxu, XU Wenjun
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22106
		In order to explore the effects of doxycycline hydrochloride and enrofloxacin on the intestinal histological structure and expression of intestinal tight junction proteins genes in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea, the large yellow croaker with body weight of (41.57±1.63) g was reared in a circular plastic tank with a diameter of 1 m and water depth of 1.25 m, and fed the diets containing both drugs at a dose of 0, 0.2, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg at water temperature of 16.80—22.50 ℃ for 5—7 days. The morphological changes in intestinal histology were observed and the relative expression levels of tight junction protein genes Claudin-7, ZO-1 and Occludin were detected in the large yellow croaker fed the medicated diets 1, 5 and 15 days after the drug was stopped to be fed. The results showed that the large yellow croaker fed the medicated diets had intestinal villus atrophy and tissue vacuolization, with gradually elevated in the degree of intestinal tissue damage with the increase in dose and prolongation of the administration time. The expression levels of the tight junction protein gene were shown to be decreased. The intestinal mucosal injury was not found to be recovered to the level of the control group 15 days after drug withdrawal, with the higher at the higher drug concentration. There was still significantly lower expression level of tight junction protein gene in the high-dose group than that in the control group at 15 days after withdrawal (P<0.05). In conclusion, doxycycline hydrochloride and enrofloxacin caused intestinal tissue damage and reduced intestinal permeability in large yellow croaker in a dose-time dependent manner,and the higher intestinal and the damage still did not fully recover 15 days after administration.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 531-540 [Abstract] ( 88 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (19898 KB) ( 45 )

	541	Combining Ability Analysis of Diallel Cross Based on Selfing Family of Yesso Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis
		ZHAO Liang, GAO Shan, JIANG Jingwei, ZHOU Zunchun
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23032
		In order to evaluate the application of the "purebred first and hybridized later" germplasm improvement technique in yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis, a combining ability analysis of survival traits during the larval and adult stages was conducted by employing a 3×3 complete diallel cross design consisting of the nine possible combinations of parents and their reciprocal crosses. The offsprings of three selfing F₁ families (21#, 12#, and 16#) were cultured and the survival rates were evaluated in each combination. The results showed that there were significant differences (P＜0.05) in survival rates among different combinations at all stages except for the fertilization rate during the larval stage. The variations in the size and direction of the general combining abilities (GCA) were observed in the three parents, with significant differences at days 27, 140, 200, and 440, especially at day 140 with effective value of -6.88—8.25. Furthermore, the specific combining abilities (SCA) and observed 62.96% opposite directions were investigated between different mating combinations and their reciprocal crosses during the larval stage, with the maximal SCA value of 18.33 in 16#×12#. During the adult stage, the size and direction of SCA were also varied with decreasing effect values from the larval to adult stages (27—140 d). Overall, the effectiveness of the "purebred first and hybridized later" breeding strategy was shown a hybrid advantage in survival traits, particularly in the 21#×12# and 16#×12# combinations. Additionally, a strong efficiency in purge genetic load was found in yesso scallop with 21#×21#, 12#×12#, and 16#×16#, providing theoretical basis and data support for genetic improvement of yesso scallop.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 541-549 [Abstract] ( 76 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1973 KB) ( 48 )

	550	Effects of Microplastics on Activity, Digestion and Antioxidation Capability of Onchidium reevesii
		SUN Qirui, ZHANG Jiwu, JIANG Hongxing, ZHANG Hu, MA Zhihao, QIU Ming, QIAO Guo, LI Qiang, ZHANG Mingming
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22108
		In order to probe the toxic effect of microplastics exposure on marine beach shellfish, Onchidium reevesii with body weight of (8.3±0.5) g was kept in a 70 cm×50 cm×40 cm plastic tank (90 individuals/tank), and then was exposed to the low microplastics exposure (0.03%, microplastic mass/sediment mass), medium exposure (0.06%), high exposure group (0.09%), and control group (without microplastics). The effects of exposure for 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h on the activity (crawling distance) of O. reevesii, and activities of digestive enzymes and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed. Results showed that weak activities of O. reevesii were obviously observed in acute exposure to microplastics. At 6 h, the activities of protease, amylase (AMS) and lipase (LPS) in stomach and hepatopancreas (P<0.05) were found to be increased in the lower exposure (0.03%) of microplastics, the activity of lipase (LPS) in the intestine was shown to be increased in the medium exposure (0.06%) , and to be decreased in the activity of AMS in the intestine in the higher exposure (0.09%) . For the antioxidation-related enzymyes, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased, catalase (CAT) decreased in the lower exposure, and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased in hepatopancreas and coelomic fluid (P<0.05) at 6-hour exposure in higher exposure. The findings showed that the acute exposure of microplastics affected activity, digestion and antioxidation capability of O. reevesii obviously, and that provide a certain reference value for the species protection of O. reevesii.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 550-560 [Abstract] ( 91 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1108 KB) ( 79 )

	561	Genetic Diversity Analysis of 3 Populations and Their Hybrid Progenies in Blood Clam Scapharca broughtonii
		LIU Tong, WANG Yingjun, WU Yingying, ZOU Yan, LYU Fang, WU Haiyi, LI Jianmin, SONG Aihuan
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22023
		In order to explore the differences in genetic diversity between different populations of blood clam Scapharca broughtonii, genetic diversities were investigated in 150 samples from 5 blood clam populations including the wild blood clam populations in the Changdao and Jimo waters of Yantai, Shandong Province, the wild populations in the waters of Busan, Republic of Korea, and the hybrids of China ♀× Republic of Korea ♂, Republic of Korea♀×China♂, and inbred generations of China ♀× China ♂ and Republic of Korea ♀×Republic of Korea ♂ by mitochondrial genes (16S rRNA and COⅠ and ribosomal internal transcriptional spacer (ITS-1). Fragments with 605 bp of the partial 16S rRNA gene, 766 bp of the partial COⅠ gene and 419 bp of the partial ITS-1 sequences were obtained after alignment and emendation. There were the maximal values of nucleotide differences and nucleotide diversity in the wild Jimo population based on 16S rRNA and COⅠ gene, and the maximal values of nucleotide differences and nucleotide diversity in ZH population based on ITS-1. Four and 14 haplotypes were defined among 16S rRNA and COⅠ from five populations respectively, and a total of 24 haplotypes were defined in ITS-1 from five populations. The neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree of haplotypes showed that the unique haplotypes of Jimo population were converged into a single branch based on 16S rRNA and COⅠ gene, without population characteristics based on ITS-1. The maximum genetic difference was found between Jimo population and other four populations on account of 16S rRNA and COⅠ gene, without genetic difference among five populations based on ITS-1. The findings indicated that the sensitivity of mtDNA was higher than that of rDNA genes in the study of intraspecific genetic evolution of S. broughtonii, and the genetic diversity of Jimo population was significantly higher than that of the 4 hybrids generation in China and Republic of Korea.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 561-570 [Abstract] ( 75 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1534 KB) ( 53 )

	571	*Comparative Transcriptome on Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir siensis* with Aggressive Differences**
		XIE Xinyang, ZHOU Zhenqi, GUAN Weiye, HOU Xin, WANG Jun, WANG Chenghui
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23023
		In order to explore the molecular basis of the differences in aggression behavior of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted on the thoracic ganglia of the two groups of Chinese mitten crab with distinct aggressive differences. When the test crab claw was stimulated with a 5 mm in diameter and 40 cm long iron rod, the crab pinching or pushing away the iron rod with the chela was recorded as an attack, while it was not recordeded when fleeing or standing still in the face of the iron rod stimulation. A crab with an average number of attacks in three rounds of tests greater than or equal to the mean stimulus (5 times) was a strong attack crab, and vice versa. The results showed that a total of 3999 differentially expressed genes were identified between the strong and weak aggressive groups, in which 1556 genes were up-regulated and 2443 genes were down-regulated in the strong aggressive group. The up-regulated genes in the strong aggressive group were mainly enriched in cAMP signaling and RAS signaling pathways. The down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in growth-related pathways including tryptophan metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Meanwhile, the results pointed out that the 5-HT receptor genes were involved in the molecular regulation of aggressive behavior in Chinese mitten crab, and the expression levels of 5-HT receptor gene, 5-HT2BR, in the pectoralis ganglion and chelopods muscle were higher in the weak aggressive group than that of the strong aggressive group. However, there were lower expression levels of 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2BR in hemolymph and hepatopancreas than those in the aggressive group. The findings indicated that the strong aggressive behaviour of Chinese mitten crab would have more active nerve signal transduction ability, and that 5-HT receptor genes played roles in regulating aggressive behavior of Chinese mitten crab.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 571-579 [Abstract] ( 94 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (8622 KB) ( 63 )

	580	Effects of Acute Temperature Stress on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Non-Specific Immune Function in Juvenile Bullhead Fish Pseudobagrus ussuriensis
		CHEN Junping, WU Huihui, SHEN Fangfang, ZHANG Jiaxin, YU Ruomeng, FU Yongjie, ZHAO Daoquan, XIE Guoqiang, HE Yiqing, LI Xiujie
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23044
		In order to explore the effects of sharp change in water temperature on antioxidant and non-specific immune functions of juvenile bullhead fish Pseudobagrus ussuriensis, bullhead juveniles with body weight of (2.3±0.3) g were rapidly exposed to 18 ℃, 26 ℃ (control group) and 33 ℃ water stress for 24 h from 26 ℃ water in a fibergrass breeding bucket with radius of 1 m and height of 1 m, and then subjected to recovery at 26 ℃ water for 48 h. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase(CAT), lysozyme(LZM), alanine aminotransferase (ATF), and aspartate aminotransferase(ASF), and contents of glutathione(GSH), malondialdehyde (MAD)and total protein were detected in the stress period of 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h and recovery period of 3, 6, 12, and 24 h in the whole fish samples. The results showed that the activities of SOD and CAT were continuously increased during the stress period in the experimental groups, significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). There was significantly higher content of malondialdehyde in the experimental groups than that in the control group at 6 and 24 h (P<0.05), while GSH content was inhibited, significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). At the end of the recovery period, SOD and GSH activities and MAD contents were not found to be significantly different in all experimental groups from those in control group (P>0.05), with significantly higher CAT activity in 33 ℃ group than those in control group (P<0.05). During the stress period, the activities of ATF and ASF were shown to be increased first and then decreased in all experimental groups, with significantly higher ATF activity in 18 ℃ and 33 ℃ groups than those in control group (P<0.05). The acute temperature change led to significantly decrease the LZM activity in the 18 ℃ group (P<0.05), and significantly increase the LZM activity in the 33 ℃ group (P<0.05). At the end of the recovery period, the ASF and LZM activities recovered to the control level in all experimental groups. There was significantly higher ASF activity in 33 ℃ group than that in control group (P<0.05). It was found that the acute temperature stress led to significant impact on the antioxidant enzymes and non-specific immune function of the juvenile Pseudobagrus ussuriensis, in which the high temperature stress caused irreversible damage to the immune function. It is recommended to pay more attention to changes in water temperature in daily aquaculture to avoid sharp temperature changes causing damage to the juvenile fish of P. ussuriensis.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 580-589 [Abstract] ( 87 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1116 KB) ( 54 )

	590	Effects of Ammonia-N Concentrations on Molting and Antioxidant Capacity of Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis
		WANG Tianyu, CONG Yaxin, WU Zhaoxia, SUN Wentao, LIU Yimeng
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22105
		To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of ammonia-N in the water environment on the molting, proximate composition, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, the Chinese mitten crab [(6.13±0.05) g] was cultured in water with ammonia-N concentration of 0 (the control group), 10.47, 20.93, 31.40, and 41.87 mg/L, respectively. And the survival rate, growth index, proximate composition, and antioxidant enzyme activities of Chinese mitten crab were determined at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days after exposure to ammonia-N at water temperature of (22.0±0.5) ℃ and pH of 7.63±0.44. The results showed that the survival rate and molting rate of Chinese mitten crab in the 10.47 mg/L ammonia-N treatment group were almost unaffected during ammonia-N exposure, whereas those in the other ammonia-N treatment groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The consumption of energy substances in crab meat, namely crude protein and crude fat, decreased with the increase in ammonia-N concentration. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the hepatopancreas of crabs in the 10.47 mg/L ammonia-N treatment group was significantly increased at the initial stage of exposure, the antioxidant capacity of Chinese mitten crab was enhanced, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was not affected after exposure. However, with the increase in ammonia-N concentration, SOD, catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and MDA content was significantly increased (P<0.05). Therefore, the ammonia-N concentration of higher than 20.93 mg/L may inhibit the growth of Chinese mitten crab, reduce its antioxidant enzyme activities, and induce oxidative stress. The findings provide the data support and theoretical basis for the study on response mechanisms of Chinese mitten crab to ammonia-N stress and the improvement of the aquaculture water environment.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 590-597 [Abstract] ( 88 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (7330 KB) ( 63 )

	598	Preparation and Application of Monoclonal Antibodies against ORF72 of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2
		XU Chaonan, SUN Yuyu, WANG Jia, GUO Baoqin, WEI Chang, LI Qiang
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23009
		In order to establish an immune detection method based on antigen levels, the nucleocapsid protein ORF72 of cyprinid herpesvirus Ⅱ (CyHV-2) was prepared by prokaryotic expression method. The purified ORF72 protein was immunized to BALB/c mice, and the anti-ORF72 monoclonal antibodies designated as 1B3, 4B1, 4C2, 5F4 and 5H9 were finally screened by hybridoma technology. Western blot analysis showed that the monoclonal antibodies specifically recognized recombinant protein ORF72 in vitro. The monoclonal antibody 4C2 detected the virus infection tissues of gibel crucian carp Carassius auratus gibelio by indirect immun of luorescence assay (IFA) only. IFA of the CyHV-2 replication on RyuF-2 detection with 4C2 showed that the positive signals were detected 36 hours after the virus infection, and the expression level of ORF72 protein was increased in the cell with time. Monoclonal antibody 4C2 contributes to research the replication mechanism of CyHV-2 in vitro and to establishment of the immune detection method for diseased fish.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 598-605 [Abstract] ( 59 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (6209 KB) ( 36 )

	606	Effects of Hypoxia Stress on Survival, Antioxidant Indices and Activities of Respiration-Related Enzymes of Surf Clam Mactra veneriformis
		YU Shuai, SONG Yilin, CHEN Limei, LIANG Jian, GUO Yongjun
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23026
		In order to probe the effects of hypoxic stress on the survival, antioxidant indices and respiration-related enzyme activities of surf clam Mactra veneriformis, the surf clam with shell length of (35.91±2.31) mm were put into a plastic box and exposed to dissolved oxygen concentrations of (2.0±0.2) mg/L and (4.0±0.2) mg/L by continuous nitrogen filling, and to dissolved oxygen concentration of (7.5±0.2) mg/L by continuous oxygenation (control group) at water temperature of (20±1) ℃. The survival, antioxidant indices (superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde) and activities of respiration-related enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase) were measured at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of hypoxia stress. The results showed that the survival rate of surf clam was decreased with the decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration, and the stress period, with survival rate of 100% during the experiment in the control group, and dead individuals in 36 h in the treatment groups. There were survival rates of 97.5% in 48 hours in 4.0 mg/L group and 91.67% in 2.0 mg/L group , and at 72 hours the survival rates of 78.66% in 4.0 mg/L group and 67.30% in 2.0 mg/L group. The enzyme activities were significantly affected by stress time and dissolved oxygen concentration (P<0.05), and primarily stable during the experimental period in the control group. An overall trend of first increase and then decrease in antioxidant indices and activities of respiratory related enzymes was observed in 4.0 mg/L group and 2.0 mg/L group, with the maximal activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in hepatopancreas at 6 h, significantly higher than those at other time points. The activity of pyruvate kinase in the gill filaments was found to be higher in the treatment groups, with the maximum content of malondialdehyde at 12 hours, than that in the control group. The findings will help to clarify the mechanism of the effects of hypoxia stress on the physiological and biochemical activities of surf clam, and provide a reference with further exploring the mechanism of hypoxia tolerance of surf clam and the creation of new germplasm resistant to hypoxia.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 606-613 [Abstract] ( 78 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1064 KB) ( 88 )

	614	Morphological Variation Analysis of Six Geographical Populations of Venus Clam Meretrix meretrix
		JING Yuanyuan, CHEN Qun, LIU Tianhong, SUN Ming, LIU Guangbin, HU Fawen, WU Haiyi, ZHANG Tianwen, HU Fanguang
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23011
		In order to research morphological differences and geographical differentiation characteristics of different geographical populations of venus clam Meretrix meretrix, nine morphological traits were measured, including shell length, shell height, shell width, and ligament length in samples collected from six geographical populations of venus clam in Dongying, Laizhou, and Rizhao in Shandong province and Rudong in Jiangsu province, and Putuo, and Yueqing in Zhejiang province. A comparative analysis was conducted to explore the morphological variation in different geographical populations. The results showed that the venus clam in Putuo population had the maximal shell uplift and the thinnest shell, and that ones in Rizhao population had the thinnest and most flat shell. The cofficient difference(C.D) among six geographical populations was found to be 0.320—1.261, less than 1.28, indicating that the morphological variation was characterized under-subspecies. Four principal components were constructed, with the descending order of contributory ratio as 25.69%, 18.84% , 15.57% and 11.62%, summing up to 71.71%. The cluster analysis revealed that six populations were clustered into two branches, Dongying population and Laizhou population being grouped into one group, and Rudong population, Putuo population, Yueqing population and Rizhao population into one another group. Five discriminant functions of six populations were established, with discriminant accuracy rate from 70.0% to 100.0%, with a total of 82.8%. The findings provided scientific reference with the identification of geographical populations and protection and utilization genetic resources of venus clam.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 614-621 [Abstract] ( 104 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (2392 KB) ( 127 )

	622	*Response of Hippo Pathway to Intestinal Injury Recovery in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei* Exposed to Ammonia Nitrogen and Cadmium Stresses**
		LIAO Guowei, YU Jiaoping, WANG Wanqi, FAN Lanfen
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23003
		In order to explore the response of Hippo signaling pathway to intestinal injury recovery in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under single-factor ammonia nitrogen or cadmium stress, the gene expressions of Hippo signaling pathway was examined in intestinal tissues of Pacific white shrimp with body weight of (3.99±0.50) g exposed to ammonia nitrogen or cadmiumstresses at 0 h, 24 h and 48 h during the stress phase, and at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h during the recovery phase, and intestinal histology was observed at the same time. The results showed that there was very significantly higher relative expression levels of Wts, Yki and TEAD genes at 6 h in the recovery stage after ammonia nitrogen stress compared with the control group (P<0.01), with significantly higher expression level of TEAD gene at 12 h in the recovery stage (P<0.05) and without significant difference in Hpo gene expression level, and the other stages was very significantly lower (P<0.01) in the recovery stage except for 3 h. Wts gene was found to be very significantly lower at 3 h and 24 h in the recovery stage (P<0.01) and significantly lower at 12 h and 48 h in the recovery stage (P<0.05). Wts gene was significantly lower at 24 h and 48 h in the shrimp exposed to cadmium stress compared with the control group (P<0.01). There were very significantly lower Hpo and Wts genes expression levels in the shrimp exposed to cadmium stress (P<0.01) except for Hpo gene at 6 h in the recovery stage and Wts gene at 48 h in the recovery stage. Yki gene was very significantly lower at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h in the recovery stage (P<0.01); TEAD gene was very significantly higher at 6 h in the recovery stage (P<0.01). Intestinal histological observation showed that the intestinal villus of the shrimp was completely shed at 48 h in the ammonia-nitrogen stress stage and 24 h in the cadmium stress stage, and that the intestinal villi showed obvious signs of recovery and growth at 24 h in the recovery stage. The findings indicated that the Hippo signaling pathway was involved in the regulation of the recovery and regeneration of intestinal villus under the single-factor stress of ammonia nitrogen and cadmium in Pacific white shrimp.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 622-629 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (7092 KB) ( 37 )

	630	Inhibition of Embryonic Development of Zebrafish by Aeromonas veronii
		XIONG Guangze, ZHANG Yiqing, LIU Ziqi, ZHANG Mingqi, ZHANG Yan
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.20176
		Zebrafish Danio rerio embryos that 3 h post fertilization were incubated in a Petri dish and added 50 mL of 0 (clean water control), 2.2×10⁸cfu/mL (high concentration), 1.1×10⁸ cfu/mL (medium concentration), and 5.5×10⁷ cfu/mL (low concentration) concentrations of Aeromonas veronii to soak the infection. The embryonic development was observed and taken photography under a bulk microscope at 6 h, 24 h, 32 h, 48 h, 56 h, 72 h and 80 h for calculation of embryonic death and hatchability, to research on the effects of A. vitilii infection on early embryonic development morphology. The total RNA of the embryos was extracted at 6 h and 24 h for transcriptome sequencing. It was found that significant increase in mortality and delayed development of viable embryos were observed in the zebrafish embryos exposed to A. veronii, with the longer delaying in embryo development at higher concentration of A. veronii. Under the infection at a concentration of 2.2×10⁸ cfu/mL , the developmental period stagnated at 8—14 hours post fertilization (hpf). However, the embryos infected by A. veronii at 2.2×10⁸cfu/mL were put back into clean water and continued to develop forward again. The transcriptome results of the changes in gene expressions related to the developmental process of the embryos exposed to A. veronii revealed that the 22 differentially expressed genes related to the developmental process were screened, most of whose functions were involved in the development of the mesoderm, especially in the embryonic dorsolization. So, we speculated that A. veronii changed the expression of genes related to the dorsolization of mesoderm development or the activity of upstream regulatory factors, resulting in the delayed development of zebrafish embryos.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 630-639 [Abstract] ( 61 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (6703 KB) ( 44 )

	640	*Growth,Antioxidant Capability, and Immunity of Blunt Snout Bream Megalobrama amblycephala* Juveniles under Chronic Ammonia Nitrogen Stress**
		LI Mengjiao, WANG Qian, ZHANG Ting, REN Jinliang, WANG Zhiyuan, ZHAO Weilan, WANG Hengjie, WANG Canli, YUAN Xiangyang
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23020
		In order to explore the effects of chronic ammonia nitrogen stress on the growth, liver antioxidant capacity and plasma immunity of blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala juveniles, blunt snout bream with body weight of (30.85±1.21) g was raised in indoor culture barrels (120 cm high, 80 cm diameter) at water temperature of 22—28 ℃, and exposed to ammonium chloride concentrations of 0 (tap water, control group), and ammonium chloride of 11.09 mg/L (20% median-lethal concentration) for 56 days, based on the 96 h median-lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of ammonia nitrogen solution on juvenile bream of 55.45 mg/L in the pre-test, with four replicates with 15 fish per replicate to evaluate the effects of ammonia nitrogen stress on growth, liver antioxidant capability and plasma immunity of juvenile blunt snout bream. The immune and antioxidant parameters were measured at the end of the feeding trial. The results showed that there were significantly higher weight gain and survival rate in control group than that of fish in stress group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were found to be significantly higher in liver of fish in control group than that of fish in stress group (P<0.05), without significant effects of ammonia nitrogen stress on AST, ALT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in plasma of fish (P>0.05) compared to the control group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) activities of fish were significantly higher in control group than those of fish in stress group (P<0.05), with decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Besides, ammonia nitrogen stress led to significantly decrease lysozyme, and acid phosphatase activities and albumin level in stress group (P<0.05) compared to the control group. In conclusion, ammonia nitrogen stress led to decrease growth, antioxidant capacity and innate immunity of the fish.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 640-647 [Abstract] ( 80 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1247 KB) ( 43 )

	648	*Culture Performance of Hepu Mitten Crab Eriocheir hepuensis* Megalopae in the Changjiang River Basin at Juvenile Culture Stage**
		YIN Le, JIANG Xiaodong, ZHENG Yanbo, WU Xugan
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23001
		In order to explore the feasibility of Hepu mitten crab Eriocheir hepuensis megalopae in juvenile culture in the Changjiang River basin, the growth performance and breeding effect of megalopae bred by wild broodstocks Hepu mitten crab and Chinese mitten crab E. sinensis were compared in outdoor cage group culture and indoor circulating water system individual culture trials. Some 1500 megalopae were reared in 40 mesh cages with length of 2 m × width of 2 m × height of 1 m and aquatic plant elodea Elodea nuttallii, and the number of juvenile crabs was adjusted to 400 (half female and half male) in each cage in mid-June, and aquatic plant elodea was replaced by alligator weed Alternanthera philoxeroides. The Hepu mitten crab and Chinese mitten crab were fed at feeding rate of 1%—5% compound feed at 17:00 every day. At the beginning of July, 30 crabs with body weight of 1.4—1.6 g (half female and half male) were taken from the cages and reared in a circulating water tank with a water depth of 12 cm in a plastic box of 30 cm× 24 cm × 15 cm for individual culture, with the same feeding regime. There were higher average body weight and the rate of one-year precocius in Hepu mitten crab than those in Chinese mitten crab, with significantly lower survival rate and yield in Hepu mitten crab than those in Chinese mitten crab (P＜0.05). No significant difference in the average body weight was observed between the two groups after the first and second moltings (P＞0.05), with significantly longer second molting interval and lower specific growth rate (SGR) in Hepu mitten crab than those in Chinese mitten crab due to the longer second molting(P＜0.05). Furthermore, there was lower survival rate in Hepu mitten crab than that in Chinese mitten crab in indoor individual culture trial, without significant difference (P＞0.05). In conclusion, the Hepu mitten crab had lower survival rate during juvenile culture stage in the Changjiang River Basin, with longer molting interval and higher rate of one-year precocious. It is required to further investigation to improve the culture performance of Hepu mitten crab through the optimization of culture environment and nutritional regulation.
		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 648-654 [Abstract] ( 62 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1402 KB) ( 49 )

Overview and Specific Topic

	655	Scientific and Technological Innovation Progress and Prospect of Fishery Products Processing and Circulation in China during the 13th Five-Year Plan
		WANG Zhenzhong, LU Miao, LU Bingyou, SUN Kangtai, ZHAO Qiancheng, MA Yongsheng
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.23048

		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 655-663 [Abstract] ( 186 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1020 KB) ( 111 )

	664	Research Progress on Formation Mechanism and Analysis Techniques of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Fishery Products
		ZHAO Yanfen, ZHANG Yuying, ZHANG Xuedi, SUN Peizi, REN Xiang, LI Dongmei
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22113

		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 664-674 [Abstract] ( 111 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1304 KB) ( 61 )

	675	Advance in Research on Ecological Carrying Capacity of Freshwater Fisheries: a Review
		HAN Yu, ZHANG Hangjun
		DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.22083

		2024 Vol. 43 (4): 675-682 [Abstract] ( 121 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1005 KB) ( 101 )