Effects of Dietary Clostridium butyricum and Photosynthetic Bacterium on Immune Characteristics of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
WANG Xuda, YE Bo, DONG Ying, WANG Xiaoyue, ZHAO Zhenjun, LIU Danni, YANG Boxue, LI Shilei
Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China
Abstract：In order to evaluate the effects of dietary bacterium Clostridium butyricum and photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris on the physicochemical parameters of body cavity fluids, disease resistance, digestive tract enzyme activity and microbiota composition in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, the sea cucumber with body weight of (8.46±0.58) g was reared in an aquarium for 30 days and fed basic diet (control group), the basic diet supplemented with 1.0×107 cfu/g C. butyricum or photosynthetic bacterium, and 0.5×107 cfu/g probiotics at the same time (combined group) at a water temperature of (16±1)℃. The activities of immune enzymes and digestive enzymes in the body cavity fluid of the sea cucumber were measured every 10 days. At the end of the experiment, the growth and the structural changes in digestive tract microbiota were evaluated in the sea cucumber. The results showed that the better growth performance was observed in the sea cucumber in combined group, with weight gain rate of 19.14% and specific growth rate of 0.582%/d. Meanwhile,the digestive enzyme and immune enzyme activities were found to be relatively high in combination group,with activities of 38.5 U/mg in acid phosphatase, 34.5 U/mg in alkaline phosphatase, 89.5 U/mg in superoxide dismutase, 10.8 U/mg in amylase, 18.8 U/mg in lipase, and 13.8 U/mg in trypsin, indicating that dietary C. butyricum and R. palustris in combination led to more efficiently improve growth, digestion, responsiveness to phosphatase, and oxidation resistance compared to the others.In addition, there was more capable of regulating digestive tract flora structure in the sea cucumber in combined group by increasing the beneficial bacteria related to energy synthesis and metabolic conversion, and suppressing the potential pathogens involved in organic damage and metabolic disorders.Furthermore, the results of the challenge test showed that the sea cucumber in combined group had superior ability to improve disease resistance by reducing the cumulative mortality rates (48%) and the counts of Vbrio splendidus compared to the others. The findings confirmed that dietary C. butyricum and R. palustris effectively enhanced the physiological and immune parameters, optimized the structure of the digestive tract flora, and strengthened the disease resistance of sea cucumber.
王旭达, 叶博, 董颖, 王笑月, 赵振军, 刘丹妮, 杨博学, 李石磊. 丁酸梭菌和光合细菌对仿刺参免疫机能的影响[J]. 水产科学, 2025, 44(5): 685-694.
WANG Xuda, YE Bo, DONG Ying, WANG Xiaoyue, ZHAO Zhenjun, LIU Danni, YANG Boxue, LI Shilei. Effects of Dietary Clostridium butyricum and Photosynthetic Bacterium on Immune Characteristics of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Fisheries Science, 2025, 44(5): 685-694.
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2025, Vol. 44 
