Transcriptomic Analysis of Gill Immune Responses to Ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Infection in Goldfish Carassius auratus
GUO Rui1, YANG Xiaoqiang1, WANG Wei1, CAI Leiming1, MA Hongmei1, LIU Nianfeng1, LU Xuejiao1, WU Linye1, HUANG Siwei2, PAN Guocheng2
1. Fuzhou Ocean and Fisheries Technology Center, Fuzhou 350007, China; 2. Minhou County Jingxi Guanzhong Pan′s Ornamental Fish Farm, Fuzhou 350101, China
Abstract：In order to understand host defense mechanisms to parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), immune-related genetic responses were elucidated in goldfish Carassius auratus infected with the ciliate through comparative transcriptomics, focusing on genes and pathways, and provide insights for the prevention and control of ichthyophthiriasis. Experimental infections were induced using theronts from naturally infected hosts, with gill tissues sampled at 7 days post infection (dpi) by Illumina high-throughput sequencing and data analysis. The expression of 10 randomly immune- related genes for RNA-seq data validation was quantified by qRT-PCR. The results showed that 5178 novel transcripts and 3467 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected by analysis of 38.8 Gb clean data, including 1528 up-regulated, and 1939 down-regulated. After COG annotation, GO analysis, and KEGG analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in many processes or signaling pathways, including signal transduction mechanisms, defense mechanisms, biological regulation, immune system processes, ferroptosis, cytokine and receptor interactions, p53 signaling pathways, and phagosomes. Most of the genes were related to parasite resistance response, such as cytokines, apoptosis-related molecules and ferroptosis, with 14significantly up-regulated ferroptosis-related molecules. The qRT-PCR results of selected immune-related genes, including ccl8, inos, hif1a, il-8, and trail, showed congruent expression patterns with those of RNA-seq data, indicating that the RNA-seq data were accurate and reliable. The findings supplement the new transcripts annotation information for goldfish genome, enrich the information on molecules related to goldfish anti-parasitic responses, enhance the understanding of goldfish immunity and defense mechanisms at the transcriptomic level, and provide references for the immunopreventive application research of fish against the ichthyophthiriasis.
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2026, Vol. 45 
