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  • 月刊，1984年创刊
    主 管：内蒙古自治区教育厅
    主 办：包头医学院
    主 编：赵云山
    特邀主编：高长青
    编辑出版：包头医学院学报编辑部
    国际刊号：ISSN 1006－740X
    国内刊号：CN 15－1182/R
    邮发代号：16-292
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2020 Vol. 39, No. 5
Published: 2020-09-25
Research and Application
Overview and Specific Topi
 
       Research and Application
639 Screening of Polymorphic Markers and Analysis of Population Genetic Structure of Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense
ZHAO Yan, CHEN Hongju, KONG Weiyi, JI Xiangshan, WANG Hui
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.001
In the present study, novel EST-linked polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized from the transcriptome data in oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense, and the genetic structure was analyzed in four populations of oriental river prawn collected from Weishanhu Lake, downstream of Changjiang River, Taihu Lake, and Dongpinghu Lake using fluorescence SSR. A total of 546 cDNA sequences containing microsatellite were selected and 60 pairs of primers were designed, in which 33 pairs of primers were amplified clearly and stably, with 12 of polymorphic pairs of primers. The number of alleles per locus were ranged from 3 to 7 in the 12 isolated polymorphic loci, with average observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.1724 to 0.9630 and from 0.1942 to 0.8462, respectively. The genotyping of 88 individuals (22 individuals each stock) were found to be the mean expected heterozygosity of 0.8403 and observed heterozygositiy of 0.8350 in Weishanhu Lake population, 0.8350 and 0.7854 in Dongpinghu Lake, 0.7399 and 0.8134 in Taihu Lake, and 0.7145 and 0.7909 in downstream population of Changjiang River, the higher genetic diversity of population in North China than those in South China. The analysis of molecular variance indicated that the FST value between Dongpinghu Lake population and downstream population of Changjiang River, and between Weishanhu Lake population and downstream population of Changjiang River was higher than 0.05 and lower than 0.15, showing a moderate differentiation level, with genetic distances ranging from 0.0158 to 0.0384. The UPGMA tree showed that populations of Dongpinghu Lake and Weishanhu Lake were clustered into an independent clade, then clustered with Taihu Lake population, and downstream population of Changjiang River in the end, suggesting that their genetic relationship is in accordance with regional distribution.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 639-648 [Abstract] ( 331 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1043 KB)  ( 399 )
649 Effects of Acute Hypoxia and Reoxygenation on Oxidative Stress in Crucian Carp Carassius auratus
ZHANG Qian, HUANG Jinqiang, QUAN Jinqiang, WU Shenji, WANG Xiaolan, PAN Yucai
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.002
Crucian carp Carassius auratus with body weight of (250±10) g was placed in a breeding tank, and exposed to hypoxia [(1.0±0.1) mg/L] maintained by adjusting the amount of injected air and nitrogen for 0 h (control group), 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h; after 24 h hypoxia exposure, normal dissolved oxygen level [(6.7±0.1) mg/L] were recovered in 3 h and 6 h and then the oxidative stress indicators of serum and tissue at each time point were measured in crucian carp to evaluate effects of acute hypoxic stress on the oxidative stress of crucian carp. The malondialdehyde content (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity and total protein (TP) levels were shown to be significantly increased in the serum, muscle and gill tissues of crucian carp exposed to acute hypoxic stress (P<0.05). In early reoxygenation, the MDA content and GSH-Px activity in serum and the MDA content in muscle tissue were slightly increased compared to hypoxic stress for 24 h, and the enzyme activities in the remaining tissues decreased significantly in crucian carp (P<0.05) compared to hypoxic stress for 24 h. In 6 h reoxygenation, compared with the control group, except for the fact that the MDA content and CAT activity in muscle were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), the enzyme activities in other tissues were recovered to the initial value, without significant difference from that in the control group (P>0.05). The findings indicated that crucian carp activated the antioxidant defense system by regulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the hypoxic environment, so as to protect the body from oxidative damage caused by hypoxia.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 649-656 [Abstract] ( 341 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1292 KB)  ( 265 )
657 Genetic Diversity Analysis in Four Different Geographical Populations of Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli by Microsatellite Markers
ZHENG Xiang, XU Jiejie, ZHANG Jiajia, WANG Tao, YIN Shaowu
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.003
Microsatellite markers were used to analyze genetic diversity of four populations (Jialing River, Yuanjiang River, Hanshui River and Ganjiang River) of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli. In the experiment, 80 microsatellite markers locis were randomly selected by PCR on 127 individuals from 4 populations, and 48 loci were successfully amplified with 25 screened polymorphism loci. The measurement of genetic diversity showed that the number of alleles was ranged from 2 to 18 in the four populations, the average number of effective alleles from 2.383 to 3.578, and the average observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.460 to 0.581; the average expected heterozygosity from 0.487 to 0.674; the average polymorphic information content from 0.431 to 0.627. The loci of high polymorphism were 9 in Jialing River, in Yuanjiang River, 23 in Hanshui River and 21 in Ganjiang River populations, the loci of moderate polymorphism 12, 11, 3 and 5. By calculating the genetic similarity coefficient and genetic distance between four populations and constructing the evolutionary tree, it was found that Ganjiang River population was clustered into one population, the populations of Jialing River, Yuanjiang River and Hanshui River were clustered into another population and the Yuanjiang River and the Hanshui River population were the closest. The Bayesian cluster analysis of four populations of yellow catfish was verified by Structure 2.3.4 software, consistent with the results of phylogenetic tree analysis. In this study, microsatellite markers were used to genetically evaluate four populations of yellow catfish, which provided molecular basis with the conservation, monitoring and genetic breeding of yellow catfish in the Yangtze River Basin.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 657-668 [Abstract] ( 218 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1942 KB)  ( 205 )
669 Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Components of Introduced Russian Red Sea Cucumber
YANG Shuang, SUN Guohua, REN Lihua, CHEN Meng, YANG Jianmin, WANG Weijun, JIANG Fang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.004
The contents of crude protein, crude polysaccharide, ash, crude fat, crude saponin, inorganic element, amino acid and fatty acid were determined by conventional standard method in introduced Russian red sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and the common sea cucumber cultured in the same conditions. It was found that contents of crude protein, crude saponin and crude lipid in Russian red sea cucumber were significantly higher than those in the normal sea cucumber (P<0.05), without significant difference in contents of crude polysaccharide and ash. The contents of Mg, Ca, Mn, Zn, Sr and Se were significantly lower in the Russian red sea cucumber than those in the common sea cucumber (P<0.05), the contents of Cd, Pb, As and Al in the Russian red sea cucumber were significantly lower than those in the common sea cucumber (P<0.05), the content of Fe in the red sea cucumber was significantly higher than those in the common sea cucumber (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in Cr content. Fourteen amino acids content of the 17 detected amino acids were significantly higher in Russian red sea cucumber than those in the common sea cucumber (P<0.05), and the contents of total amino acids, essential amino acids and effective amino acids were significantly higher in Russian red sea cucumber than those in common sea cucumbers. Twenty-seven main fatty acids were detected in both sea cucumbers, with the same fatty acid composition. The content of unsaturated fatty acid was higher in Russian red sea cucumber than that of saturated fatty acid, and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid was significantly higher than that of monounsaturated fatty acid (P<0.05). The contents of saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid of Russian red sea cucumber were significantly higher than those in common sea cucumber (P<0.05). According to the comprehensive evaluation, the nutritional components of the two sea cucumbers were similar, and the Russian red sea cucumber has better quality than the common sea cucumber did under the same culture conditions.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 669-676 [Abstract] ( 195 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (985 KB)  ( 355 )
677 Effects of Salinity Stress on Activities of Enzymes Related to Immune of Snail Babylonia areolata
TAN Chunming, ZHAO Wang, WU Kaichang, WEN Weigeng, YANG Rui, CHEN Xu, YU Gang
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.005
Behavior and activities of six enzymes related to immune were determined in juvenile snail Babylonia areolata with average body weight of (0.386±0.080) g exposed to a salinity of 18, 23, 28, 33 (control group) and 38 at water temperature of (26.0±1.0) ℃ for 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 hours to evaluate the changes in activities of the enzymes. The results showed that the suitable salinity for growth of the snail was ranged from 20 to 35, and high mortality was observed at the salinity of below 15 or above 45. Both the increase in salt concentration and in exposure period led to have significant effects on the activities of the immune enzymes (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the catalase activity showed a “suppression-induction” trend in the snail in salinity 18 and 23 groups, and an “induction-suppression-induction” in the salinity 28 and 38 groups. The consistent “induction-suppression” in acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities were found in the snail in each salinity group, and the same case was observed in total superoxide dismutase activity of the snail in salinity 38 group, in catalase activity in the same salinity group. The total superoxide dismutase activity showed the trend of “induction-suppression” in salinity 18, 23 and 28 groups. The trend of “suppression-induction-suppression” in glutathione peroxidase activity in each salinity group and the peroxidase activity in the salinity 18 and 38 groups were found. The peroxidase activity in salinity 23 and 28 groups was consistent with the total superoxide dismutase activity change in the same salinity. So, the salinity in the aquaculture water will have a greater impact on the growth and immune enzyme activity of the snail. The catalase, alkaline phosphatase, total superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase and glutathione peroxidase activities were induced when B. areolata were subjected to mild stress, while their activities were inhibited by severe stress.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 677-684 [Abstract] ( 184 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2473 KB)  ( 221 )
685 Nitrite and Ammonia Removal Patterns of 6 Species or Genera of Microalgae Exposed to Mixed Inorganic Nitrogen
GOU Wanli, LI Ziying, WU Xinhua, WEN Shuangxi, YANG Zhi
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.006
The nitrite and ammonia removal patterns of 6 microalgal species or genera, including 3 diatoms, and 3 members in chlorophyto were primarily studied by analyzing the variation trend of cell density, nitrite concentration, and the ammonia concentration in the modified F/2 medium whose nitrogen source was the mixture of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite. The results showed that all microalgae grew very well and completed a whole growth cycle. In the initial stage of the growth cycle (2—3 d), each strain removed above 95% of the ammonia, with the maximal relative removal rate of 0.999 mg/(L·d) in Pyramimonas sp. KDN21 and the minimal relative removal rate of 0.639 mg/(L·d) in Amphora sp. KDN17. Most strains slowly removed a little nitrite (lower than 35%) during this stage, and their relative removal rates were not exceed 0.035 mg/(L·d); Amphora sp. KDN17 was the only microalga which sharply removed up to 65% of the nitrite, with relative removal rate of 0.322 mg/(L·d). In the middle to late stages of the growth cycle (3—6 d), their relative removal rates were lower than 0.020 mg/(L·d), although removed almost all NH+4-N, all strains still removed a little nitrite. These findings indicated that the majority of microalga grew on the mixture inorganic nitrogen sources composed of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite removed massive ammonia, but a little nitrite. Amphora sp. KDN17 was the only one which removed massive ammonia and nitrite simultaneously, so as a probable candidate strain for controlling the water ammonia and nitrite concentration.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 685-693 [Abstract] ( 200 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2580 KB)  ( 211 )
694 Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from Hybrid Sturgeon
SHANG Baodi, TAO Sha, YANG Xing, LI Xiaoyi, LI Zhengyou, ZHANG Xiaoping, KONG Jie
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.007
Morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis were used to identify a suspected pathogen strain SXG-1 isolated and purified from the liver of the diseased sturgeon hybrid [kaluga sturgeon (Huso dauricus)♀×Amur sturgeon(Acipenser schrenckii)♂] collected from a farm in Suiyang district, Guizhou Province, in September to October of 2017, with cumulative mortality of 20% in order to effectively promote the development of sturgeon breeding industry in Guizhou Province and to reduce the damage caused by disease outbreaks. The strain SXG-1 was identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Artificial infected fish by intraperitoneal SXG-1-injection showed same symptoms as that of natural ones with similar morphological and biochemical characteristics, proving to be the pathogen of the hybrid sturgeon, with LD50 of 3.9×108 cfu/mL. The antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that the isolate was sensitive to enrofloxacin and florfenicol. The finding provides scientific guidance to the prevention and control the disease of sturgeon.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 694-701 [Abstract] ( 165 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1234 KB)  ( 217 )
702 Codon Bias and Cluster Analysis on Coding Regions of mtDNA in Rock Porgy Oplegnathus punctatus and Rock Bream O. fasciatus
MENG Qian, ZHANG Zhiyong, ZHANG Zhiwei, ZHANG Caojin, CHEN Shuyin, ZHU Fei, JIA Chaofeng, CAO Guangyong
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.008
mtDNA protein coding gene sequences of rock porgy Oplegnathus punctatus and rock bream O. fasciatus were analyzed with codon programe, and evolutionary relationship between rock porgy, rock bream and other species was analyzed by a hierarchical cluster method in gene sequences and the relative synonymous codon usage frequency in order to provide theoretical basis for the study of the close relationship between rock porgy and rock bream, such as cross breeding and germplasm resources. Searching and downloading the mitochondrial gene sequences of rock porgy, rock bream, Danio rerio, Scatophagus argus, Acanthopagrus schlegelii and red bream Pagrosomus major from the GenBank database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information.The results showed that protein coding genes of mtDNA in rock porgy and rock bream were tending to use the codons ending with A,C, and UUC and ACC were preferable codons of mtDNA protein coding gene sequences in rock porgy and rock bream, and there are similar preferences of codon usage between rock porgy and rock bream, but different from other species.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 702-709 [Abstract] ( 162 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2350 KB)  ( 212 )
710 Metabolism and Hepatotoxicity of Mebendazole in Allogenic Silver Crucian Carp
SU Meizhen, ZHANG Yitong, WANG Hao, LYU Liqun
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.009
Allogenic silver crucian carp Carassius auratus gibelio with body weight of (90±20) g was intragastrically administered with mebendazole at a dose of 20 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg, while the control group was orally administered with formic acid,at water temperature of (20±2) ℃ and blood was collected from caudal vein at 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 24, 48 and 84 hours after administration. Potassium oxalate anticoagulant (anticoagulant∶plasma=1∶10,V/V) was added immediately into the blood samples which then were centrifugated at 4000 rpm for 10 min. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione catalase (GSH-PX), glutathione transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and the transcriptional expression levels of SOD and CAT genes were compared in the hepatopancreas and kidney of allogenic silver crucian carp at 0, 24 and 48 hours after administration. It was found that there were similar changes in the three tissues after administration, with the maximal content of mebendazole in three tissues of crucian carp in 24 hours, and then gradually metabolized, with the maximum in hepatopancreas, followed by kidney, and the minimum in blood. The maximal concentration of mebendazole in hepatopancreas was about 1.3 times as that in kidney and 45 times as that in blood under administration at 20 mg/kg. The contents of glutathione catalase in liver and pancreas of tobendazole-treated fish were decreased in a time-dependent manner, while the activities of alkaline phosphatase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase in blood were increased first and then decreased. The findings indicated that oral administration of 20 mg/kg mebendazole had a negative impact on various indicators, damaging normal detoxification and antioxidant function, which provides theoretical support for the safe use of mebendazole in aquaculture.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 710-718 [Abstract] ( 160 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1437 KB)  ( 162 )
719 Effects of Morphological Traits on Body Weight in 3-month Old Hemibarbus labeo
WEN Hao, ZHANG Jian
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.010
A total of 213 3-month-old Hemibarbus labeo were sampled for measuring 10 morphological traits including total length(x1), body length(x2), head length(x3), snout length(x4), orbital diameter(x5), head length behind eye(x6), head depth(x7), body depth(x8), caudal peduncle depth (x9) and body weight(y). The results showed that the coefficient of variation of y(21.59%) was found to be the maximal value, higher than the others, with a normal distribution data of morphological traits. Correlation coefficients of morphological traits on body weight were all at very significant level(P<0.01). The path analysis revealed that the path coefficients of x1, x2, x5, x7, x8 and x9 were 0.218, 0.239, -0.075, 0.106, 0.339 and 0.211(P<0.05), with larger determination coefficients of x8 (0.115) than others. And the determination coefficient (0.111) of x2 and x8 to y was higher than others. The value of correlation index between morphological traits and body weight was 0.894 (r2),with significant regression relations (P<0.05),indicating that the six selected attributes (x1, x2, x5, x7, x8 and x9) were key morphological traits to the body weight and practical in the selective breeding of H. labeo. The morphological traits were used to establish the multiple regression equations was y =-3.935+0.234x1+0.303x2-1.018x5+0.700x7+1.414x8+1.976x9 (P<0.05).
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 719-726 [Abstract] ( 164 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1235 KB)  ( 203 )
727 Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound on Immune Related Gene Expression in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Challenged by Vibrio parahemolyticus
CAI Bing, CHEN Wanguang, WANG Fan, ZUO Xiaoyu
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.011
Juvenile rainbow trout with body length of 7.6—8.9 cm were fed the diets containing Chinese herbal medicine compound prepared by jujube, yam and astragalus extracts (20∶1) in equal proportion at a dose of 0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 1.2% for 56 d, and then were injected with Vibrio parahemolyticus (5.48×106 cfu/ind). Four days after injection, the expressions of antioxidant related genes of GST, HSP90BB, CAT, Gpx1, and SOD in intestine were detected in the rainbow trout challenged by V. parahemolyticus by using common qPCR and RT-qPCR techniques to probe into the molecular mechanism of resistance to pathogenic bacteria in rainbow trout fed the Chinese herbal medicine compound. The results showed that the expression levels of GST, CAT and HSP90BB genes were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01) in 0.3% experimental group, and GST and CAT genes were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.01) in 0.6% experimental group, while SOD gene was found to be significantly down-regulated in 0.3% and 0.6% experimental groups. The findings indicated that the expressions levels of immune-related genes were affected in the rainbow trout fed compound Chinese herbal medicine additives (jujube+yam+astragalus) infected with V. parahemolyticus, and with the significantly regulated immune function.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 727-733 [Abstract] ( 160 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2688 KB)  ( 312 )
734 Plankton Community Structure and Productivity of Silver Carp and Bighead Carp in Ganggenghu Lake, in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
ZHOU Bobo, YANG Zilong, ZHANG Ziyuan, LI Yichao, SHAO Xudong, BAI Lujun, WANG Xinran, LIU Qing
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.012
Plankton community structure was surveyed in Ganggenghu Lake in Hexigten Qi, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in May, July and September 2018 according to the handbook for investigation of fishery resources in inland waters. A total of seven phyla and 71 species(genera) of phytoplankton were found, including 30 species(genera) in Chlorophyta, 18 species(genera) in Bacillariophyta, 4 species(genera) in Cyanophyta, 4 species(genera) in Euglenophyta, 2 species(genera) in Cryptophyta, 2 species(genera) in Pyrrophyta and 1 genus in Xanthophyta. There was average density of 7882.43×104 ind/L and biomass of 31.054 mg/L in phytoplankton. A total of 34 species(genera) of zooplankton were identified in Ganggeng Lake, including 12 species(genera) of rotifers, 9 species of protozoa, 8 species of cladocerans and 5 species of copepods, with average density of 2947.5 ind/L and biomass of 23.198 mg/L. There were average Margalef richness index of 1.077, average Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 1.947, and average phytoplankton of Pielou evenness index of 0.466 for phytoplankton. In zooplankton, there were average Margalef richness index of 1.992, Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 2.141 and average phytoplankton of Pielou evenness index of 0.552. The plankton species, biomass and diversity index indicated that the water in Ganggenghu Lake was super eutrophic, and that the productivity of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) was 553.42 kg/hm2 based on the natural food resources of plankton in the lake.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 734-743 [Abstract] ( 165 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1282 KB)  ( 204 )
744 Fecundity of Pseudecheneis sulcatus in Downstream of Yarlung Zangbo River in Xizang
JIN Hongyu, LI Lei, JIN Xing, WANG Nianmin, MA Qingzhi, YIN Jiasheng, MA Bo
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.013
Fecundity was investigated in 78 samples of mature female Pseudecheneis sulcatus collected by a gill net with mesh size of 1—3 cm in March and July of 2018 in Motuo section (N 29°18′,E 95°16′,sea level of 680 m) of the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River in Xizang using individual biological methods. The results showed that the breeding population of P. sulcatus was consisted of 6 age classes from 4 to 9 years old, with absolute fecundity (F) ranging from 346.00 eggs/ind to 799.00 eggs/ind, an average of 498.00 eggs/ind. The relative fecundity was ranged from 3.36 to 5.53 eggs/mm for body length(FL), with an average of (4.45±0.47) eggs/mm, and from 20.69 to 92.80 eggs/g for body weight (Fm), with an average of (41.33±16.18) eggs/g. The regression equation between body weight (m) and body length (L) was expressed as m=0.6632L-54.924 (r2=0.9215). The regression equation between absolute fecundity (F) and body length (L) was described as F=7.229lnL-302.01 (r2=0.913), and the regression equation between absolute fecundity (F) and body weight (m) as F=10.343m+307.16 (r2=0.889).The regression equation between absolute fecundity (F) and body length (L), gonado-somatic index (GSI) and condition factor (K) was expressed as F=-446.369+6.567L+480.757GSI+10 815 864.49K (r2=0.930), and multiple linear standardized regression analysis equation of relative fecundity (Fm) between body weight and body length, body weight, ovary weight (mo), GSI, and K as Fm=133.990-0.899L+2.819m-15.044mo+231.368GSI-3 962 785.189K (r2=0.938). The analysis of gonadal development and egg diameter revealed that P. sulcatus was suggested to be once spawning a year.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 744-751 [Abstract] ( 209 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1537 KB)  ( 210 )
752 Reproductive Performance of Female Schizothorax wangchiachii Farmed in Imitation Ecological Ponds
DENG Longjun
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.014
A total of 1593 brooders (♀393, ♂1200) of Schizothorax wangchiachii were selected from a circular eco-culture pond, and reared in four and three 75 m2 (long 25 m × wide 3 m) flowing water ponds at a ratio of ♀1∶♂5, respectively. When the males and females were chasing each other, the mixture of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A2 (LHRH-A2 16 μg/kg)+diethyl ketone maleic acid (DOM 5mg/kg)+chorionic gonadotropin (HCG 1400 IU/kg) was injected into the fish who were squeezed the female abdomen to obtain eggs every 6 h after 24 h by anesthetizing with 80 mg/L MS-222, artificial fertilization, dry insemination, and measured the body length, body weight, and age in 393 females and egg diameter of fertilized eggs, and the rates of fertilization, spawning success, and relative and absolute fecundity in order to study the reproductive performance of mature female S. wangchiachii in aquaculture. The results showed that the females had homometric growth and expressed as Von Bertalanffy equation as m=7.345×[1-e-0.092(t+2.733)]2.92, with the growth inflection age of 9.2 year old, body weight of 2.33 kg and body length of 54.5 cm, and the maximum body weight of 7.345 kg and body length of 80.5 cm. The female had the first sexual maturity at age of 4, with average egg diameter of (3.97±0.36) mm, with increase in relative and absolute fecundity as age, especially in the first three years of sexual maturity, and the average absolute fecundity of (1.71±0.84)×104 eggs and relative fecundity of (8.7±3.0) eggs/g. There were rapid increase in spawning success, fertilization, and relative fertilized egg amount since the first sexual maturity, with the maximal spawning success at 9 years old(81.7%), the maximal fertilization at 10 years old [(92.7±4.9)%], and the maximal relative fertilized egg amount at 10 years old [(8.1±2.6) eggs/g]. In conclusion, the best reproductive performance was found in 9—11 years old females, followed by 7—8 years old females, and the worst in 12—14 years old females, less than 7 years old females as broodstock, and elimination of more than 14 years old broodstock.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 752-759 [Abstract] ( 141 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1200 KB)  ( 153 )
760 Screening, Identification and Antimicrobial Stability of Antagonistic Bacterium FX17 against Fungus Saprolegnia parasitica
WANG Xu, FENG Chunming, SUN Shuhao, LUO Yongcheng
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.015
The parasitic aquatic mold (Saprolegnia parasitica) was isolated from diseased fish tissues such as mirror common carp Cyprinus carpio var. specularis and their eggs cultured in freshwater ponds in Donggang City, Liaoning Province, through the flat panel confrontation method and the fermentation broth bacteriostasis test. Twenty-one strains of actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples around freshwater ponds in the area above, and an antagonistic strain FX17 with significant inhibition on water mildew was screened and identified by morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. The results showed that the antagonistic FX17 had average width of bacteriostatic zone of (25.40±0.13) mm, and the fermentation broth bacteriostasis rate of 73.20%, showing significant inhibitory effect on water mold. The subculture showed that the strain FX17 had a close relationship with Streptomyces tristinicus, without significant change in the inhibition rate after 10 passages (P>0.05), and without significant difference in antimicrobial activity of FX17 fermentation broth treated with different temperatures (P>0.05), indicating that the active components of its antagonistic substances were not protein metabolites. The bacteriostatic activity of antagonistic fermentation broth was shown to be varied with change in pH value significantly (P<0.05), with the maximal bacteriostatic rate of antagonistic fermentation broth in the pH range of 6.0—8.0. The findings showed that S. triostinicus FX17 had potential value to develop into a biocontrol bacterial strain against water mildew.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 760-765 [Abstract] ( 152 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1507 KB)  ( 164 )
766 Ovarian Development of Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis after Genital Molting
GE Yongchun, WU Xugan
DOI: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.05.016
Female Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis with body weight of 50—70 g was reared in a 2.5 m×3.75 m×1.0 m PE bucket with PVC boards and aquatic grass at water temperature of 19.2—28.5 ℃. When the Chinese mitten crab was molted for reproduction, 30 female individuals were still cultured for 60 days, and 3 samples were dissected at random every 5—10 d to measure ovarian weight and body weight and to sample a small amount of ovarian tissue which was fixed in Bouin′s solution for histological observation in order to evaluate the survival rate, weight gain rate and ovarian development pattern. The mean survival rate was found to be (71.11±3.85)% and weight gain rate to be (54.60±4.93)% in the female Chinese mitten crab molted for reproduction. The ovary was shown to be developed slowly within the first 20 days, and then entered the rapid development stage, with mean gonadosomatic index of (7.43±0.23)% in 60 days. The female Chinese mitten crab had oocytes with increasing diameter as the development of ovary, with the long diameter of 280 μm in 60 days. The major histological changes in the ovary were observed in the female from 20 days to 50 days, the transition from the endogenous yolk oocyte to the near-mature oocyte, with increase in gonadosomatic index from (1.48±0.09)% to (6.83±0.51)%.
2020 Vol. 39 (5): 766-770 [Abstract] ( 192 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2240 KB)  ( 407 )
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