Changes in Mouth Size and Feeding Effect of Formulated Feeds in Chinese Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus tridentatus with Different Instars
ZHONG Yunmin1, HE Zeji1, WENG Zhaohong1, XIE Yangjie1, LI Kunyue1, PAN Jingxuan1, CHEN Zhi2, ZHOU Honglei3
1. National Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Mariculture, College of Fisheries, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; 2. Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China; 3. Fujian Yangze Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350603, China
Abstract：In order to explore the correlation between moth size and growth of cephalothorax width in Chinese horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus and the development of formulated feed for juvenile horseshoe crabs, the correlation between mouth size and cephalothorax width was analyzed in 1—10 instar horseshoe crab. Meanwhile, three kinds of formulated diets were prepared with silkworm powder, clam flesh meal or fish meal as protein sources, 1∶1 fish oil and lecithin as fat sources, and potato starch as carbohydrate sources, and fed to the 7th instar horseshoe crabs with cephalothorax width of (28.15±1.20) mm and body weight of (1.76±0.24) g to evaluate the effects of these diets on the growth performance of the Chinese horseshoe crab. In the control group, the Chinese horseshoe crab was fed sand silkworm Perinereis sp. and Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. The results showed a high degree of fit (r2>0.9) and a highly significant correlation (P<0.01) between the logarithmic values of the mouth length and width and the logarithmic width of the cephalothorax width in a linear regression equation. There was a positive growth relationship between the mouth length and the cephalothorax width (b=1.172) and an isometric growth relationship between the mouth width and the cephalothorax width (b=1.064). The Chinese horseshoe crab fed sand silkworm nereid and sand silkworm powder diet had specific growth rates of 0.94% and 0.81% respectively, with average molting rates of 100% and 73.33%, significantly higher than those in Chinese horseshoe crab fed Manila clam, Manila clam powder diet, and fish meal feed. In conclusion, the mouth size shows an allometric growth relationship with the cephalothorax width, while the growth rate of mouth length exceeded that of mouth width. The sand silkworm and the compound feed containing sand silkworm ingredients led to significant growth and molting promotion effects on Chinese horseshoe crab juveniles. The findings provide reference for the composition selection and particle size determination of the formulated feed for the subsequent large-scale culturing of juvenile Chinese horseshoe crab.
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