Acute Toxicity of Water Temperature and Residual Clorine to Juvenile Mud Crab Scylla paramanosain
CHEN Lin1,2, TENG Shuangshuang1, LU Zhen1, XIAO Guoqiang1,2, CAI Jingbo1
1. Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bioresource; Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute;Wenzhou 325005, China; 2. Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
Abstract：In order to investigate the acute lethal effect of warm drainage in Sanmenwan Nuclear Power Plant on crustacean in the sea area, a 3×12 orthogonal experiment was designed to study the effects of temperature and residual chlorine coupling on the mortality of juvenile Scylla paramamosain by simulating the residual chlorine and temperature rise effect in Sanmenwan Nuclear Power Plant in laboratory. Three different water temperatures ( 25, 30 and 35 ℃), five different gradients of initial free residual chlorine concentration (5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 and 9.0 mg/L)and five different gradients of combined residual chlorine concentration (30.0, 36.0, 42.0, 48.0 and 54.0 mg/L) were set. At the same time, filtered seawater was set as the control for temperature treatment groups as well as the free chlorine treatments groups, whereas4.5×10-5 mol/L NH4OH was set as the control for the combine chlorine treatment groups. The results showed that the single temperature rise had no significant effect on the survival rate of juvenile S.paramamosain (P>0.05); The mortality rate of the free residual chlorine and combined residual chlorine to the juvenile was further increased in case of coupling with temperature rise. The 96 h semi-lethal concentration (96 h LC50) of free residual chlorine and combined residual chlorine decreased gradually with the rising temperature, and reached the lowest value at 35 ℃. The LC50 values at 96 h at 35 ℃ were 4.455 mg/L and 27.290 mg/L, respectively. The mortality rate increased by 0.316% and 0.027% with 1 ℃ temperature rise and 1 mg/L residual chlorine increase, respectively. At the same time, the safe concentration of free residual chlorinewas ranged from 0.446 mg/L to 0.544 mg/L, and the safe concentration of combined residual chlorineranged from 2.729 mg/L to 3.294 mg/L.The 96 h half-lethal concentration of the combined residual chlorine was about 6 times of the value of the free residual chlorine, and the increase in juvenile crabs mortality caused by free residual chlorine together with temperature rise was about 11.7 times of the mortality caused by the combined residue chlorine only.The findings can provide a scientific basis for evaluating the effecton crustaceans associated with residual chlorine discharge in the sea areaon crustaceans in the sea area of Sanmen Bay Nuclear Power Plant, and also provide a data reference for the formulation ofthe standards of warm water discharge discharge for coastal power plant.
陈琳, 滕爽爽, 陆振, 肖国强, 蔡景波. 水温和余氯对拟穴青蟹幼蟹的急性毒性研究[J]. 水产科学, 2023, 42(5): 830-838.
CHEN Lin, TENG Shuangshuang, LU Zhen, XIAO Guoqiang, CAI Jingbo. Acute Toxicity of Water Temperature and Residual Clorine to Juvenile Mud Crab Scylla paramanosain. Fisheries Science, 2023, 42(5): 830-838.
[1] 黄洪辉,张穗,陈浩如,等.余氯对大亚湾海区平鲷和黑鲷幼鱼的毒性研究[J].热带海洋,1999,18(3):38-44. [2] BROOKS A S,BARTOS J M.Effects of free and combined chlorine and exposure duration on rainbow trout,channel catfish,and emerald shiners[J].Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,1984,113(6):786-793. [3] 廖一波,陈全震,曾江宁,等.我国4种重要海水经济鱼类热忍受研究[J].海洋环境科学,2007,26(5):458-460. [4] 黄海涛.温度、盐度、溶解氧、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮对拟穴青蟹蜕壳的影响[D].湛江:广东海洋大学,2011:7-13. [5] 农业农村部渔业渔政管理局.2022年中国渔业统计年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2022:27. [6] 陈翔,张峰,胡丹标.三门核电站宁海毗邻区域居民2010—2013年恶性肿瘤发病情况[J].上海预防医学,2016,28(12):885-887. [7] RODRIGUES MACÊDO L P,PEREIRA DORNELAS A S,VIEIRA M M,et al.Comparative ecotoxicological evaluation of peracetic acid and the active chlorine of calcium hypochlorite:use of Dugesia tigrina as a bioindicator of environmental pollution[J].Chemosphere,2019,233:273-281. [8] HEATH A G.Toxicity of intermittent chlorination to freshwater fish:influence of temperature and chlorine form[J].Hydrobiologia,1977,56(1):39-47. [9] EPPLEY R W,RENGER E H,WILLIAMS P M.Chlorine reactions with seawater constituents and the inhibition of photosynthesis of natural marine phytoplankton[J].Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science,1976,4(2):147-161. [10] 林可椒,高宏伟,严安生.余氯对鳜鱼苗的急性毒性试验[J].淡水渔业,1991,21(3):24-25. [11] 江志兵,曾江宁,陈全震,等.热冲击和加氯后亚热带海区浮游植物细胞数量的动态变化[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(6):1386-1396. [12] 李毅,周大颜,陈晓磁,等.模拟夏季温排水温升对福宁湾常见海洋生物的热耐受性研究[J].海洋科学,2020,44(12):61-68. [13] 吴杨平,陈爱华,张雨,等.余氯对大竹蛏稚贝的毒性及半致死浓度研究[J].水产科技情报,2018,45(3):158-161. [14] 朱英.典型家用消毒剂对稀有鮈鲫毒性及酶活性影响[J].环境科学与技术,2019,42(7):51-56. [15] 张璐,华伟,陈卫,等.氯和氯胺对桡足类浮游动物灭活效能及机理研究[J].城镇供水,2015(1):36-40. [16] 叶利兰,甘春娟,陈垚,等.疫情防控期间含氯消毒剂大量使用对水生生物的影响综述[J].环境污染与防治,2021,43(5):644-648. [17] 周巧菊.大亚湾热污染研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2007:7-8. [18] 兰云飞.温排水的影响范围及其对罗非幼鱼和中国对虾的影响研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2006:1-6. [19] 林昭进,詹海刚.大亚湾核电站温排水对邻近水域鱼卵、仔鱼的影响[J].热带海洋,2000,19(1):44-51. [20] 丁跃平,郭远明,李铁军,等.三门湾春季温排水增温效应数值模拟研究[J].海洋科学,2015,39(4):101-107. [21] 田洪林,曹亮,刘金虎,等.驯化水温及温升速率对三门湾三种虾蟹类热耐受性的影响[J].海洋科学,2018,42(4):43-52. [22] 李翠萍,吴民耀,王宏元.3种半数致死浓度计算方法之比较[J].动物医学进展,2012,33(9):89-92. [23] 黄良民,林秋艳,袁文彬,等.急升温对十种甲壳动物存活率的影响[J].水产学报,1991,15(2):155-160. [24] MIDDAUGH D P,BURNETT L E,COUCH J A.Toxicological and physiological responses of the fish,Leiostomus xanthurus,exposed to chlorine produced oxidants[J].Estuaries,1980,3(2):132-141. [25] GROTHE D R,EATON J W.Chlorine-induced mortality in fish[J].Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,1975,104(4):800-802. [26] ZEITOUN I H.The effect of chlorine toxicity on certain blood parameters of adult rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)[J].Environmental Biology of Fishes,1977,1(2):189-195. [27] VALARMATHI S,AZARIAH J.Impact of two sublethal concentrations of copper chloride and chlorine on the excretory products of crab Sesarma quadratum (Fabricius)[J].Turkish Journal of Zoology,2002,26(4):357-361. [28] 陈冲,张文帅,郭景静,等.电厂温排水对两种蚤类的毒性及生殖影响[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(5):735-738. [29] 蒋国萍,肖国强,张炯明,等.海洋酸化条件下Cd2+和Hg2+对斧文蛤幼贝急性毒性效应[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(2):294-300. [30] 何琴燕,任敏,蔡燕红,等.滨海电厂温排水对生态环境影响研究进展[J].海洋开发与管理,2012,29(7):84-88. [31] BRUNGS W A.Effects of residual chlorine on aquatic life[J].Journal-Water Pollution Control Federation,1973,45(10):2180-2193. [32] 张穗,黄洪辉,陈浩如,等.大亚湾核电站余氯排放对邻近海域环境的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2000,19(2):14-18. [33] 尹伊伟,温晓艳,吕颂辉,等.不同温度下氯对水生生物的毒性及制订渔业水质标准的探讨[J].生态科学,1992,11(2):41-49. [34] FISHER D J,BURTON D T,YONKOS L T,et al.The relative acute toxicity of continuous and intermittent exposures of chlorine and bromine to aquatic organisms in the presence and absence of ammonia[J].Water Research,1999,33(3):760-768. [35] SEEGERT G L,BROOKS A S.The effects of intermittent chlorination on coho salmon,alewife,spottail shiner,and rainbow smelt[J].Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,1978,107(2):346-353. [36] 晁敏,王云龙,沈新强.水温和余氯对黑棘鲷仔鱼存活的影响[J].海洋科学,2011,35(12):48-55. [37] 朱小明,李少菁,宋星宇.温度对锯缘青蟹状幼体呼吸和排泄的影响[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2003,42(1):92-96.
2023, Vol. 42 
