Abstract：To understand the matter composition and particle size distribution characteristics of suspended solid in aquaculture tail water, the total suspended solid, nitrogen and phosphorus composition and particle size distribution were analyzed in the drainage process of tailwater from three typical Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture ponds in Shanghai region in November 2021. Results showed that mass concentrations of total suspended solids, particulate nitrogen and particulate phosphorus in the tail water were all shown to be an increasing trend with the depth of drainage, with the increment in the late stage of drainage. Then, the proportion of particulate nitrogen and phosphorus in suspended matter showed decreasing trend, from 6.11% and 1.20% before drainage to 0.38% and 0.11% at the end of drainage, respectively. Size distribution of suspended particles was driven by the drainage process. At the end of drainage, the median diameter of suspended particle was 11.69 μm in SP1, 20.89 μm in SP2, and 38.23 μm in SP3. Suspended matter was mainly composed of collidal and fine particles with diameter lower than 100 μm, with the average volume coverage of 92.68%. The particle size numeric distribution in shrimp cultured tailwater was described by variable β model (r2=0.849±0.128), and the volumetric distribution was fitted to lognormal distribution model (r2=0.879±0.141).
[1] 刘国锋,徐跑,吴霆,等.中国水产养殖环境氮磷污染现状及未来发展思路[J].江苏农业学报,2018,34(1):225-233. [2] 陈东兴,蔡春芳,华雪铭,等.鱼、虾、蟹养殖池塘清塘排水水质及污染强度[J].淡水渔业,2015,45(1):30-34. [3] 彭田,丘仲锋,孙德勇,等.悬浮颗粒物粒径分布的幂律模型研究——以黄渤海为例[J].海洋科学,2016,40(6):110-118. [4] 刘梅,原居林,倪蒙,等.“三池两坝”多级组合工艺对内陆池塘养殖尾水的处理[J].环境工程技术学报,2021,11(1):97-106. [5] 周新伟,沈明星,金梅娟,等.多级串联表面流人工湿地对河蟹养殖尾水的净化效果研究[J].湿地科学,2017,15(6):774-780. [6] 肖坤,郝婧薇,王艺,等.循环水养殖系统微滤机过滤对调节水体细菌群落结构的影响[J].渔业现代化,2021,48(3):67-73. [7] 于晓斌.基于多层纤维球生物滤池的工厂化养殖循环水处理技术研究[D].烟台:中国科学院大学(中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所),2019. [8] 李宏伟,张清靖,刘青,等.循环水养殖系统中悬浮颗粒物去除工艺研究概况[J].水产科学,2015,34(8):527-532. [9] 曹志斌,张俊,王伟,等.典型生活污水颗粒物粒径分布及沉降性能研究[J].能源环境保护,2022,36(1):72-76. [10] BAO W J, ZHU S M, GUO S R, et al. Particle size distribution mathematical models and properties of suspended solids in a typical freshwater pond[J].Environmental Pollution,2018,241:164-171. [11] FERNANDES P, PEDERSEN L F, PEDERSEN P B.Microscreen effects on water quality in replicated recirculating aquaculture systems[J].Aquacultural Engineering,2015,65:17-26. [12] 季明东,李建平,叶章颖,等.泡沫分离器去除养殖循环水中不同粒径细微颗粒物的效果[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(19):202-207. [13] 岳建权,姜玲玲,王林,等.不同季节秦皇岛近岸水体颗粒物粒径分布特征研究[J].海洋环境科学,2022,41(4):586-594. [14] PATTERSON R N, WATTS K C, TIMMONS M B. The power law in particle size analysis for aquacultural facilities[J].Aquacultural Engineering,1999,19(4):259-273. [15] 刘国才,李德尚,卢静,等.对虾养殖围隔生态系颗粒悬浮物的研究[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(3):350-352. [16] GAONA C A P, DA PAZ SERRA F, FURTADO P S,et al. Effect of different total suspended solids concentrations on the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei in a BFT system[J].Aquacultural Engineering,2016,72/73:65-69. [17] 中华人民共和国农业部. SC/T 9101—2007, 淡水池塘养殖水排放要求[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2007. [18] 张玉平,刘金金,张芬.上海地区池塘沉积物中氮、磷、有机碳及重金属风险评价[J].中国水产科学,2020,27(12):1448-1463. [19] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000:40. [20] TRAN N H, NGO H H, URASE T, et al. A critical review on characterization strategies of organic matter for wastewater and water treatment processes[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,193:523-533. [21] TIMMONS M, EBELING J. Recirculating Aquacul-ture[M]. 2nd ed. New York: Cayuga Aqua Ventures NRAC Publication, 2010:177. [22] 张琍,陈晓玲,黄珏,等.鄱阳湖丰、枯水期悬浮体浓度及其粒径分布特征[J].华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,48(5):743-750. [23] BAO W J, ZHU S M, JIN G, et al. Generation,characterization,perniciousness,removal and reutilization of solids in aquaculture water:a review from the whole process perspective[J].Reviews in Aquaculture,2019,11(4):1342-1366. [24] CASTINE S A, PAUL N A, MAGNUSSON M, et al. Algal bioproducts derived from suspended solids in intensive land-based aquaculture[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,131:113-120. [25] DOLAN E, MURPHY N, O′HEHIR M. Factors influencing optimal micro-screen drum filter selection for recirculating aquaculture systems[J].Aquacultural Engineering,2013,56:42-50. [26] 江文胜,王厚杰.莱州湾悬浮泥沙分布形态及其与底质分布的关系[J].海洋与湖沼,2005,36(2):97-103. [27] 刘玉真,成杰民,鲁成秀.不同来源太湖沉积物粒径分布及其对Cu的吸附特征[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(1):101-106. [28] 殷志强,秦小光,吴金水,等.中国北方部分地区黄土、沙漠沙、湖泊、河流细粒沉积物粒度多组分分布特征研究[J].沉积学报,2009,27(2):343-351. [29] 吕洪斌,王恕桥,刘国山,等.两种大型底栖动物生物扰动对沉积物颗粒垂直分布的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2016,37(1):78-86.
2024, Vol. 43 
